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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 30] 30.6 Local Settings for vi and ex </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:45:22Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch30_01.htm"TITLE="30. vi Tips and Tricks"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch30_05.htm"TITLE="30.5 Edits Between Files "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch30_07.htm"TITLE="30.7 Using Buffers to Move or Copy Text "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch30_05.htm"TITLE="30.5 Edits Between Files "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 30.5 Edits Between Files "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 30<BR>vi Tips and Tricks</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch30_07.htm"TITLE="30.7 Using Buffers to Move or Copy Text "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 30.7 Using Buffers to Move or Copy Text "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-7925">30.6 Local Settings for vi and ex </A></H2><PCLASS="para">In addition to reading <SPANCLASS="link">the <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file in your home directory (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch04_09.htm"TITLE="Setting Up vi with the .exrc File ">4.9</A>)</SPAN>,<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-32808"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-32811"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-32814"></A>many versions of <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> will read a filecalled <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> in the current directory. This allowsyou to set options that are appropriateto a particular project.</P><PCLASS="para">For example, you might want to have one set of options in adirectory mainly used for programming:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">set number lisp autoindent sw=4 terseset tags=/usr/lib/tags</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">and another set of options in a directory used for text editing:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">set wrapmargin=15 ignorecase</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">Note that you can set certain options in the <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM>file in your home directory and unset them (for example,<CODECLASS="literal">set wrapmargin=0 noignorecase</CODE>)in a local directory.</P><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="note"><PCLASS="para"><STRONG>NOTE:</STRONG> In System V, Release 3.2 and later, <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> doesn't read&<EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> files in the current directory unless you firstset the <CODECLASS="literal">exrc</CODE> option in yourhome directory's <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">set exrc</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">This mechanism makes it harder for other people to place, in yourworking directory, an <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file whose commands might jeopardize the security of your system.</P></BLOCKQUOTE><PCLASS="para">You can also define alternate <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> environments by saving optionsettings in a file other than <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> and reading in that filewith the <CODECLASS="literal">:so</CODE> command. For example:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">&:so .progoptions</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">Local <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> files are also useful for defining<SPANCLASS="link">abbreviations (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch30_31.htm"TITLE="vi Word Abbreviation ">30.31</A>)</SPAN>and<SPANCLASS="link">key mappings (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch31_02.htm"TITLE="Save Time and Typing with the vi map Commands ">31.2</A>)</SPAN>.When we write a book or manual, we save allabbreviations to be used in that book in an <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> filein the directory in which the book is being created.</P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-32849"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-32852"></A>You can also store settings and startup commands for <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> and <EMCLASS="emphasis">ex</EM> in an<SPANCLASS="link">environment variable (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch06_01.htm#UPT-ART-1170"TITLE="What Environment Variables Are Good For ">6.1</A>)</SPAN>called<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-32858"></A><SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">EXINIT</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch30_35.htm"TITLE="Out of Temporary Space? Use Another Directory ">30.35</A>)</SPAN>.If there is a conflict between settings in <EMCLASS="emphasis">EXINIT</EM> andan <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file, <EMCLASS="emphasis">EXINIT</EM> settings take precedence.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">TOR</SPAN> <SPANCLASS="bibliomisc">from O'Reilly & Associates' <CITECLASS="citetitle">Learning the vi Editor</CITE>, Chapter 7</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch30_05.htm"TITLE="30.5 Edits Between Files "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 30.5 Edits Between Files "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch30_07.htm"TITLE="30.7 Using Buffers to Move or Copy Text "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 30.7 Using Buffers to Move or Copy Text "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">30.5 Edits Between Files </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">30.7 Using Buffers to Move or Copy Text </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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