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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 24] 24.12 Compressing a Directory Tree: Fine-Tuning </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:41:40Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch24_01.htm"TITLE="24. Other Ways to Get Disk Space"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch24_11.htm"TITLE="24.11 Edit Compressed Files with zvi, zex, and zed "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch24_13.htm"TITLE="24.13 Save Space in Executable Files with strip "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_11.htm"TITLE="24.11 Edit Compressed Files with zvi, zex, and zed "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 24.11 Edit Compressed Files with zvi, zex, and zed "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 24<BR>Other Ways to Get Disk Space</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_13.htm"TITLE="24.13 Save Space in Executable Files with strip "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 24.13 Save Space in Executable Files with strip "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-5770">24.12 Compressing a Directory Tree: Fine-Tuning </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-26788"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-26791"></A>Here's a quick little command that will<SPANCLASS="link">compress (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch24_07.htm"TITLE="Compressing Files to Save Space ">24.7</A>)</SPAN>files in the currentdirectory and below.It uses<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">find</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch17_02.htm"TITLE="Delving Through a Deep Directory Tree ">17.2</A>)</SPAN>to find the files, recursively, and pick the files itshould compress:</P><PCLASS="para"><TABLECLASS="screen.co"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="calloutlist"><ACLASS="co"HREF="ch17_14.htm"TITLE="17.14 Searching for Files by Size ">-size</A> <ACLASS="co"HREF="ch09_21.htm"TITLE="9.21 Handle Too-Long Command Lines with xargs ">xargs</A> </PRE></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>find . ! -perm -0100 -size +1 -type f -print | xargs gzip -v</B></CODE></PRE></TD></TR></TABLE></P><PCLASS="para">This command finds all files that:</P><ULCLASS="itemizedlist"><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Are not executable (<CODECLASS="literal">!</CODE> <CODECLASS="literal">-perm</CODE> <CODECLASS="literal">-0100</CODE>), so we don't compress shellscripts and other program files.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Are bigger than one block, since it won't save any disk space to compressa file that takes one disk block or less.But, depending on your filesystem, the <CODECLASS="literal">-size +1</CODE> may not really matchfiles that are one block long.You may need to use <CODECLASS="literal">-size +2</CODE>, <CODECLASS="literal">-size +1024c</CODE>, orsomething else.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Are regular files (<CODECLASS="literal">-type</CODE> <CODECLASS="literal">f</CODE>) and not directories, namedpipes, etc.</P></LI></UL><PCLASS="para">The <EMCLASS="emphasis">-v</EM> switch to <EMCLASS="emphasis">gzip</EM> tells you the names of the filesand how much they're being compressed.If your system doesn't have<EMCLASS="emphasis">xargs</EM>,use:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>find . ! -perm -0100 -size +1 -type f -exec gzip -v {} \;</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"> Tune the <EMCLASS="emphasis">find</EM> expressions to do what you want.Here are some ideas - for more, read your system's <EMCLASS="emphasis">find</EM> manual page: </P><DLCLASS="variablelist"><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">! -name \*.gz</CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Skip any file that's already <EMCLASS="emphasis">gzip</EM>ped (filename ends with <EMCLASS="emphasis">.gz</EM> ).</P></DD><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">-links 1</CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Only compress files that have no other (hard) links.</P></DD><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">-user </CODE><CODECLASS="replaceable"><I>yourname</I></CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Only compress files that belong to you.</P></DD><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">-atime +60</CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Only compress files that haven't been accessed (read, edited, etc.) formore than 60 days. </P></DD></DL><PCLASS="para">You might want to put this in a job that's run every month or so by<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">at</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch40_03.htm"TITLE="The at Command ">40.3</A>)</SPAN>or<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">cron</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch40_12.htm"TITLE="Periodic Program Execution: The cron Facility ">40.12</A>)</SPAN>.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">JP</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_11.htm"TITLE="24.11 Edit Compressed Files with zvi, zex, and zed "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 24.11 Edit Compressed Files with zvi, zex, and zed "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_13.htm"TITLE="24.13 Save Space in Executable Files with strip "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 24.13 Save Space in Executable Files with strip "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">24.11 Edit Compressed Files with zvi, zex, and zed </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">24.13 Save Space in Executable Files with strip </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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