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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 13] 13.9 Send Output Two or More Places with tee </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly &amp; Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:36:47Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch13_01.htm"TITLE="13. Redirecting Input and Output"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch13_08.htm"TITLE="13.8 Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch13_10.htm"TITLE="13.10 How to tee Several Commands Into One File "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch13_08.htm"TITLE="13.8 Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 13.8 Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 13<BR>Redirecting Input and Output</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch13_10.htm"TITLE="13.10 How to tee Several Commands Into One File "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 13.10 How to tee Several Commands Into One File "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE>&nbsp;<HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-4110">13.9 Send Output Two or More Places with tee </A></H2><TABLECLASS="para.programreference"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="tee">tee</A><BR></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14559"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14561"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14564"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14567"></A>If you're running a program and you want to send its output to a file&nbsp;- butyou want to see the output on your screen, too, so you can stop theprogram if something goes wrong&nbsp;- you can use <EMCLASS="emphasis">tee</EM>.The <EMCLASS="emphasis">tee</EM> program reads its standard input and writes it to one or morefiles.(The CD-ROM has the GNU version.)</TD></TR></TABLE><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="note"><PCLASS="para"><STRONG>NOTE:</STRONG> <ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14575"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14578"></A>A pipe may <EMCLASS="emphasis">buffer</EM> the output of a program, collecting it in chunksand spitting it out every so often.If the program's output comes slowly and feeds <EMCLASS="emphasis">tee</EM> through a pipe,there might be long delays before you see any output.In that case, it's better to use <CODECLASS="literal">&gt;</CODE> to redirect output to a file,put the program into the background, and watch the output with<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14583"></A><SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">tail -f</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch25_16.htm"TITLE="How to Look at a File as It Grows ">25.16</A>)</SPAN>.Or use a program like<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-14587"></A><SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">script</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch51_05.htm"TITLE="Copy What You Do with script ">51.5</A>)</SPAN>.</P></BLOCKQUOTE><PCLASS="para">Use <EMCLASS="emphasis">tee</EM> for saving results in the middle of a long pipeline of commands.That's especially good for debugging.For example, you could type:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="replaceable"><I>prog </I></CODE><CODECLASS="userinput"><B>| tee prog.out | sed -f sedscr | tee sed.out | </B></CODE>...</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">to save the output of <EMCLASS="emphasis">prog</EM> in the file <EMCLASS="emphasis">prog.out</EM> and also pipeit to the <EMCLASS="emphasis">sed</EM> command, save <EMCLASS="emphasis">sed</EM>'s output in <EMCLASS="emphasis">sed.out</EM> andalso pipe it...</P><PCLASS="para">&#13;If you want to add to a file that already exists, use the <EMCLASS="emphasis">-a</EM>option:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">... <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>tee -a </B></CODE><CODECLASS="replaceable"><I>filename </I></CODE>...</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">JP</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch13_08.htm"TITLE="13.8 Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 13.8 Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch13_10.htm"TITLE="13.10 How to tee Several Commands Into One File "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 13.10 How to tee Several Commands Into One File "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">13.8 Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">13.10 How to tee Several Commands Into One File </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a 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