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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 12] 12.2 Other Ways to Refer to Jobs </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:36:26Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch12_01.htm"TITLE="12. Job Control"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch12_01.htm"TITLE="12.1 Job Control: Work Faster, Stop Runaway Jobs "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch12_03.htm"TITLE="12.3 The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect"></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch12_01.htm"TITLE="12.1 Job Control: Work Faster, Stop Runaway Jobs "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 12.1 Job Control: Work Faster, Stop Runaway Jobs "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 12<BR>Job Control</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch12_03.htm"TITLE="12.3 The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect"><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 12.3 The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect"BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-7898">12.2 Other Ways to Refer to Jobs </A></H2><PCLASS="para">If you have several jobs in the background, you can refer to them byjob number, as listed by the<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">jobs</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch12_01.htm#UPT-ART-0439"TITLE="Job Control: Work Faster, Stop Runaway Jobs ">12.1</A>)</SPAN>command.For example:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>jobs</B></CODE>[1] + Stopped vi TODO[2] - Running nroff -ms ch01% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>kill %2</B></CODE>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>fg %1</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-13548"></A>You don't need to look up the job number to select ajob, though.Instead, you can specify a job by name.Simply specifythe command name instead of the job number after the percent sign.For example, the commands above could have been issued as:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>kill %nroff</B></CODE>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>fg %vi</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">If you use <CODECLASS="literal">%?</CODE>, you canspecify any unique part of the job's command line.What the manual fails to point outis that if you do this, you may need to <SPANCLASS="link">quote (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch08_14.htm"TITLE="Bourne Shell Quoting ">8.14</A>)</SPAN>the question mark, since it's also a shell wildcard.If you don't,you may get the message <CODECLASS="literal">No match</CODE>.You could type one of the following commands:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>kill %?ch01</B></CODE> <EMCLASS="emphasis">No quoting (normal)</EM>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>kill %\?ch01</B></CODE> <EMCLASS="emphasis">Quoted (in some cases)</EM></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">to kill the <EMCLASS="emphasis">nroff</EM> job shown in the example above.</P><PCLASS="para">There are a couple of other shortcuts as well.A job number by<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-13567"></A>itself is the same as the <EMCLASS="emphasis">fg</EM> command followed by that job number.Why type:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>fg %3</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">when:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>%3</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">will do?</P><PCLASS="para">You can put a stopped job into the background in a similar way.Forexample:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>%2 &</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">will put job number 2 into the background.</P><PCLASS="para">Of course, it's also true that typing <CODECLASS="literal">fg</CODE> or <CODECLASS="literal">bg</CODE>without a job number cansave you time if there is only one job, or if you want to refer tothe current job.</P><PCLASS="para">The only problem is that the current job isn't always<SPANCLASS="link">what you expect (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch12_03.htm"TITLE="The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect">12.3</A>)</SPAN>.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">TOR</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch12_01.htm"TITLE="12.1 Job Control: Work Faster, Stop Runaway Jobs "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 12.1 Job Control: Work Faster, Stop Runaway Jobs "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch12_03.htm"TITLE="12.3 The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect"><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 12.3 The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect"BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">12.1 Job Control: Work Faster, Stop Runaway Jobs </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">12.3 The "Current Job" Isn't Always What You Expect</TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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