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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 28] 28.4 Side-by-Side diffs: sdiff </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:44:44Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch28_01.htm"TITLE="28. Comparing Files"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch28_03.htm"TITLE="28.3 Context diffs "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch28_05.htm"TITLE="28.5 Comparing Files Alongside One Another "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch28_03.htm"TITLE="28.3 Context diffs "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 28.3 Context diffs "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 28<BR>Comparing Files</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch28_05.htm"TITLE="28.5 Comparing Files Alongside One Another "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 28.5 Comparing Files Alongside One Another "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-2690">28.4 Side-by-Side diffs: sdiff </A></H2><TABLECLASS="para.programreference"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="sdiff">sdiff</A><BR></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-31199"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-31203"></A>After you've used <EMCLASS="emphasis">diff</EM> for a while, the output is easy to read.Sometimes, though, it's just easier tosee two files side-by-side.The <EMCLASS="emphasis">sdiff</EM> command does that.(There's also a GNU version on the CD-ROM.)Between the files, it prints <CODECLASS="literal"><</CODE> to point to lines that are onlyin the first file, <CODECLASS="literal">></CODE> for lines only in the second file, and<CODECLASS="literal">|</CODE> for lines that are in both, but different.By default, <EMCLASS="emphasis">sdiff</EM> shows all the lines in both files.Here's a fairly bogus example that compares two files that contain the output of<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">who</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch51_04.htm"TITLE="Who's On? ">51.4</A>)</SPAN>at different times:</TD></TR></TABLE><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">$ <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>sdiff -w75 who1 who2</B></CODE>jake vt01 Sep 10 10:37 jake vt01 Sep 10 10:37uunmv ttyi1i Sep 16 11:43 < jerry ttyi1j Sep 15 22:38 jerry ttyi1j Sep 15 22:38jake ttyp1 Sep 9 14:55 jake ttyp1 Sep 9 14:55jake ttyp2 Sep 9 15:19 | ellen ttyp2 Sep 16 12:07 > carolo ttyp5 Sep 16 13:03alison ttyp8 Sep 9 12:49 alison ttyp8 Sep 9 12:49</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">To see only lines that are different, use <EMCLASS="emphasis">-s</EM> (silent):</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">$ <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>sdiff -s -w75 who1 who2</B></CODE>2d1uunmv ttyi1i Sep 16 11:43 < 5c4,5jake ttyp2 Sep 9 15:19 | ellen ttyp2 Sep 16 12:07 > carolo ttyp5 Sep 16 13:03</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">The output lines are usually 130 characters long.That's too long for 80-column-wide screens; if you can put your terminalin 132-column mode or stretch your window, fine.If you can't, use the <EMCLASS="emphasis">-w</EM> option to set a narrower width, like<EMCLASS="emphasis">-w80</EM> for 80-column lines; <EMCLASS="emphasis">sdiff</EM> will show the first 37 charactersfrom each line (it doesn't write quite all 80 columns).If you can set your printer to compressed type or have a very wide window,use an option like<EMCLASS="emphasis">-w170</EM> to get all of each line.</P><PCLASS="para">Article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch28_06.htm"TITLE="Choosing Sides with sdiff ">28.6</A>explains a very useful feature of <EMCLASS="emphasis">sdiff</EM>: building one fileinteractively from two files you compare.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">JP</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch28_03.htm"TITLE="28.3 Context diffs "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 28.3 Context diffs "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch28_05.htm"TITLE="28.5 Comparing Files Alongside One Another "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 28.5 Comparing Files Alongside One Another "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">28.3 Context diffs </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">28.5 Comparing Files Alongside One Another </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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