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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 36] 36.3 Changing the Field Delimiter </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly &amp; Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:48:39Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch36_01.htm"TITLE="36. Sorting"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch36_02.htm"TITLE="36.2 Sort Fields: How sort Sorts "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch36_04.htm"TITLE="36.4 Confusion with White Space Field Delimiters "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch36_02.htm"TITLE="36.2 Sort Fields: How sort Sorts "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 36.2 Sort Fields: How sort Sorts "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 36<BR>Sorting</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch36_04.htm"TITLE="36.4 Confusion with White Space Field Delimiters "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 36.4 Confusion with White Space Field Delimiters "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE>&nbsp;<HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-2926">36.3 Changing the Field Delimiter </A></H2><PCLASS="para">Article <ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch36_02.htm"TITLE="Sort Fields: How sort Sorts ">36.2</A>explained how <EMCLASS="emphasis">sort</EM> separates a line of input into two or morefields using &quot;white space&quot; (spaces or tabs) as field delimiters.The <EMCLASS="emphasis">-t</EM> option lets you change the field delimiter to some othercharacter.</P><PCLASS="para">For example, if you wanted to sort the login names on your system by the login shell they use, you could issue a command like this:</P><PCLASS="para"><TABLECLASS="screen.co"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="calloutlist"><ACLASS="co"HREF="ch01_09.htm"TITLE="1.9 Which Shell Am I Running? ">/etc..wd</A> &#13;</PRE></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>sort -t: +6 /etc/passwd</B></CODE>root:SndEKOs9H7YLm:0:1:Operator:/:/bin/cshsys:*:2:2::/:/bin/cshjim:LjKwcUt8l6kZK:2391:1004:Jim O'Callahan:/u/jim:/bin/csh   ...bart:2DPD8rCOKBbUu:2665:1004:Bart Buus:/u/bart:/bin/tcshtap:xY7oeuJ8WxyGO:2943:1004:Tap Bronman:/u/tap:/bin/tcsh</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE></P><PCLASS="para">The option <EMCLASS="emphasis">-t:</EM> tells <EMCLASS="emphasis">sort</EM> to use a colon as a fieldseparator&nbsp;- so, in this example, field 0 is the login name, field 1 is the encoded password, field 2 is the user ID number, field 3 is thegroup ID number, and so on. By this numbering, the login shell is inthe sixth field.</P><PCLASS="para">Remember that <EMCLASS="emphasis">sort</EM> numbers fieldsstarting with zero&nbsp;- this will save you lots of grief. Two consecutivecolons indicate a &quot;null&quot; field that still must be counted.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">ML</SPAN>, <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">TOR</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch36_02.htm"TITLE="36.2 Sort Fields: How sort Sorts "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 36.2 Sort Fields: How sort Sorts "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch36_04.htm"TITLE="36.4 Confusion with White Space Field Delimiters "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 36.4 Confusion with White Space Field Delimiters "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">36.2 Sort Fields: How sort Sorts </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">36.4 Confusion with White Space Field Delimiters </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed &amp; awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>
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