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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 17] 17.4 Looking for Files with Particular Names </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:38:18Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch17_01.htm"TITLE="17. Finding Files with find"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch17_03.htm"TITLE="17.3 Don't Forget -print "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch17_05.htm"TITLE="17.5 Searching for Old Files "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch17_03.htm"TITLE="17.3 Don't Forget -print "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 17.3 Don't Forget -print "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 17<BR>Finding Files with find</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch17_05.htm"TITLE="17.5 Searching for Old Files "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 17.5 Searching for Old Files "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-7935">17.4 Looking for Files with Particular Names </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-18499"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-18502"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-18505"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-18508"></A>You can look for particular files by using a regular expressionwith metacharacters(<SPANCLASS="link">shell wildcards, not <EMCLASS="emphasis">grep</EM>-like expressions (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch26_02.htm"TITLE="Don't Confuse Regular Expressions with Wildcards ">26.2</A>)</SPAN>)as an argument to the<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-18514"></A><EMCLASS="emphasis">-name</EM>operator.Because the shell also understands these metacharacters, itis necessary to<SPANCLASS="link">quote (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch08_14.htm"TITLE="Bourne Shell Quoting ">8.14</A>)</SPAN>themso they are passed to<EMCLASS="emphasis">find</EM>unchanged. Any kind of quoting can be used:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>find . -name \*.o -print</B></CODE>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>find . -name '*.o' -print</B></CODE>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>find . -name "[a-zA-Z]*.o" -print</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">Any directory along the path to the file is not matched with the<EMCLASS="emphasis">-name</EM>operator, merely the name at the end of the path.For example, the commands above would not match the pathname<EMCLASS="emphasis">./subdir.o/afile</EM>-but they would match <EMCLASS="emphasis">./subdir.o</EM>and <EMCLASS="emphasis">./src/subdir/prog.o</EM>.</P><TABLECLASS="para.programreference"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="csh_init">csh_init</A><BR><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="sh_init">sh_init</A><BR></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP">Article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch17_24.htm"TITLE="Skipping Some Parts of a Tree in find (A More Selective -prune)">17.24</A>shows a way to match directories in the middle of a path.[Here's a "find file" alias:</TD></TR></TABLE><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">alias ff "find . -name '*\!{*}*' -ls"</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">Give it a file or directory name; the alias will give a long listingof any file or directory names that contain the argument.For example:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>ff makedirs</B></CODE>415863 3 -rw-r--r-- 1 359 daemon 2072 Feb 19 1994 ./adir/makedirs.sh</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">Very handy. <EMCLASS="emphasis">-JP</EM> ]</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">BB</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch17_03.htm"TITLE="17.3 Don't Forget -print "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 17.3 Don't Forget -print "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch17_05.htm"TITLE="17.5 Searching for Old Files "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 17.5 Searching for Old Files "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">17.3 Don't Forget -print </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">17.5 Searching for Old Files </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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