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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 4] 4.9 Setting Up vi with the .exrc File </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:32:45Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch04_01.htm"TITLE="4. Organizing Your Home Directory"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch04_08.htm"TITLE="4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch04_10.htm"TITLE="4.10 Find All Command Versions with whereiz "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_08.htm"TITLE="4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 4<BR>Organizing Your Home Directory</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_10.htm"TITLE="4.10 Find All Command Versions with whereiz "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 4.10 Find All Command Versions with whereiz "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-2370">4.9 Setting Up vi with the .exrc File </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4609"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4612"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4615"></A>You can store commands and settings that you want executed any timeyou start the<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> or <EMCLASS="emphasis">ex</EM> editors (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch30_02.htm"TITLE="What We Cover ">30.2</A>)</SPAN>in a file called <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> in your home directory.You can modify the <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file with the <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> editor, just asyou can any other text file.</P><PCLASS="para">If you don't yet have an <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file, simply use <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> tocreate one.Enter into this file the<EMCLASS="emphasis">set</EM>,<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">ab</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch30_31.htm"TITLE="vi Word Abbreviation ">30.31</A>)</SPAN>,and<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">map</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch31_02.htm"TITLE="Save Time and Typing with the vi map Commands ">31.2</A>)</SPAN>commandsthat you want to have in effect whenever you use <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> or <EMCLASS="emphasis">ex</EM>.A sample <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file looks like this:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">set nowrapscan wrapmargin=7set sections=SeAhBhChDh nomesgmap q :w^M:n^M" To swap two words, put cursor at start of first word and type v:map v dwElpab ORA O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4637"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4639"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4643"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4645"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4648"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4651"></A>The <CODECLASS="literal">^M</CODE> characters are RETURNs.Make them by pressing <SPANCLASS="link">CTRL-v, then RETURN (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch31_06.htm"TITLE="Protecting Keys from Interpretation by ex ">31.6</A>)</SPAN>.Lines that start with a double quote (<CODECLASS="literal">"</CODE>) are comments.Since the file is actually read by <EMCLASS="emphasis">ex</EM> before it enters <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM>, commands in <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> should not have a precedingcolon.</P><PCLASS="para">In addition to reading the <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file in your home directory,<EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> will read a filecalled <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> in the current directory. This allowsyou to <SPANCLASS="link"> set options that are appropriateto a particular project . (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch30_06.htm"TITLE="Local Settings for vi and ex ">30.6</A>)</SPAN></P><PCLASS="para">If your <EMCLASS="emphasis">.exrc</EM> file doesn't seem to be working, watch carefullyfor error messages just as <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM> starts, before it clears your screen.If you can't read them quickly enough, start <EMCLASS="emphasis">ex</EM> instead of<EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM>.The <EMCLASS="emphasis">q!</EM> command quits <EMCLASS="emphasis">ex</EM>:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>ex</B></CODE>No tail recursion:<CODECLASS="userinput"><B>q!</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">The tricks in article <ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch42_08.htm"TITLE="Errors Erased Too Soon? Try These Workarounds ">42.8</A>may also be useful.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">TOR</SPAN> <SPANCLASS="bibliomisc">from O'Reilly & Associates' <CITECLASS="citetitle">Learning the vi Editor</CITE>, Chapter 7</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_08.htm"TITLE="4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_10.htm"TITLE="4.10 Find All Command Versions with whereiz "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 4.10 Find All Command Versions with whereiz "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">4.8 Making Directories Made Easier </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">4.10 Find All Command Versions with whereiz </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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