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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 8] 8.3 Introduction to tcsh</TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:34:09Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch08_01.htm"TITLE="8. How the Shell Interprets What You Type"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch08_02.htm"TITLE="8.2 Introduction to bash"><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch08_04.htm"TITLE="8.4 Command Evaluation and Accidentally Overwriting Files"></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_02.htm"TITLE="8.2 Introduction to bash"><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 8.2 Introduction to bash"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 8<BR>How the Shell Interprets What You Type</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_04.htm"TITLE="8.4 Command Evaluation and Accidentally Overwriting Files"><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 8.4 Command Evaluation and Accidentally Overwriting Files"BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-9902">8.3 Introduction to tcsh</A></H2><PCLASS="para">Article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch08_02.htm"TITLE="Introduction to bash">8.2</A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-7477"></A>introduces <EMCLASS="emphasis">bash</EM> and talks about shells that came before it.A lot of shell users prefer <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM>.It's like the C shell, but <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> has added plenty of usefulfeatures and also fixed some<SPANCLASS="link">notorious C shell bugs (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch47_02.htm"TITLE="C Shell Programming Considered Harmful ">47.2</A>)</SPAN>.In fact, <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> is so much like <EMCLASS="emphasis">csh</EM> (except for those uglybugs) that when we say "the C shell" or <EMCLASS="emphasis">csh</EM> in this book,we're also talking about <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM>.</P><PCLASS="para">In general, <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> has a lot of the same features as <EMCLASS="emphasis">bash</EM>.So I won't repeat the list from article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch08_02.htm"TITLE="Introduction to bash">8.2</A>.Instead, here are a few differences (from the point of view of a casual<EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> user like me, that is).</P><ULCLASS="itemizedlist"><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">My favorite <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> feature confirms a command like the one below.I meant to type <CODECLASS="literal">rm *.c</CODE>:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>rm * .c</B></CODE>Do you really want to delete all files? [n/y] <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>n</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">In my opinion, <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> keeps a better watch over the commandline than <EMCLASS="emphasis">bash</EM> does.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">My dyslexic fingers also like the automatic command name correction.In the next example, I type <CODECLASS="literal">srot</CODE>.Instead of saying <CODECLASS="literal">Command not found</CODE>, <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> asks if Imeant <CODECLASS="literal">sort</CODE>:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>who | srot +3n +4</B></CODE>CORRECT>who | sort +3n +4 (y|n|e|a)? <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>y</B></CODE>kim pts/0 Jul 27 14:40 (rock.ny.ora.com)jpeek pts/1 Jul 28 08:09 (jpeek.com) ...</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"></P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Like <EMCLASS="emphasis">csh</EM>, <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM> has<SPANCLASS="link">arrays (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch47_05.htm"TITLE="Using C Shell Arrays ">47.5</A>)</SPAN>.I find these really useful, both interactively and in shell programs.(<EMCLASS="emphasis">bash</EM> won't have them until version 2.0.)</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">On the downside, the shell variables - including prompts, and theirsetting - seem less flexible in <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM>.For example, resetting the prompt (except nice built-ins like<CODECLASS="literal">%c2</CODE>, which gives the last two parts of the current directory path)requires setting aliases.</P></LI></UL><TABLECLASS="para.programreference"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="tcsh">tcsh</A><BR></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"> If you've used <EMCLASS="emphasis">csh</EM> before, and you type more than a few commandsa day on UNIX, check out <EMCLASS="emphasis">tcsh</EM>.It's on the CD-ROM.</TD></TR></TABLE><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">JP</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_02.htm"TITLE="8.2 Introduction to bash"><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 8.2 Introduction to bash"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_04.htm"TITLE="8.4 Command Evaluation and Accidentally Overwriting Files"><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 8.4 Command Evaluation and Accidentally Overwriting Files"BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">8.2 Introduction to bash</TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">8.4 Command Evaluation and Accidentally Overwriting Files</TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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