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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 11] 11.3 My Favorite Is !$ </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:36:05Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch11_01.htm"TITLE="11. The Lessons of History"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch11_02.htm"TITLE="11.2 History in a Nutshell "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch11_04.htm"TITLE="11.4 My Favorite Is !:n* "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch11_02.htm"TITLE="11.2 History in a Nutshell "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 11.2 History in a Nutshell "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 11<BR>The Lessons of History</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch11_04.htm"TITLE="11.4 My Favorite Is !:n* "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 11.4 My Favorite Is !:n* "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-0444">11.3 My Favorite Is !$ </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-12410"></A>When using the C shell, I use <CODECLASS="literal">!$</CODE> somuch that it's almost a single character to me.It means "take the last thing on the previous command line."It works on <EMCLASS="emphasis">bash</EM> too.Since most UNIX commands have the filename last, you often need to typefilenames only once, and then you can use <CODECLASS="literal">!$</CODE> in subsequent lines. Here are some examples of where it comes in handy:</P><ULCLASS="itemizedlist"><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-12420"></A>I get a lot of<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">tar</EM> archives (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch19_05.htm"TITLE="Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives ">19.5</A>)</SPAN>that are<SPANCLASS="link">compressed (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch24_07.htm"TITLE="Compressing Files to Save Space ">24.7</A>)</SPAN>.To unpack them, I do the following:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>gunzip groff.1.05.tar</B></CODE>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>tar xvf !$</B></CODE>tar xvf groff.1.05.tar</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">The same trick can be used for<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-12431"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-12433"></A><SPANCLASS="link">uuencoded <EMCLASS="emphasis">shar</EM> files (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch19_02.htm"TITLE="Introduction to Shell Archives ">19.2</A>)</SPAN>.It's also good when you've edited a file with <EMCLASS="emphasis">vi</EM>, and thenwant to check its spelling:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>vi fred.letter.txt</B></CODE>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>spell !$</B></CODE>spell fred.letter.txt</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"></P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-12446"></A>You often want to move a file to another directory and then<CODECLASS="literal">cd</CODE> to that directory.The <CODECLASS="literal">!$</CODE> sequence can also be used to refer to a directory:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>mv grmacs.tar /usr/lib/tmac</B></CODE>% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>cd !$</B></CODE>cd /usr/lib/tmac</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P></LI></UL><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">AN</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch11_02.htm"TITLE="11.2 History in a Nutshell "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 11.2 History in a Nutshell "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch11_04.htm"TITLE="11.4 My Favorite Is !:n* "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 11.4 My Favorite Is !:n* "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">11.2 History in a Nutshell </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">11.4 My Favorite Is !:n* </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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