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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 50] 50.2 The apropos Command </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:56:50Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch50_01.htm"TITLE="50. Help--Online Documentation, etc."><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch50_01.htm"TITLE="50.1 UNIX Online Documentation "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch50_03.htm"TITLE="50.3 apropos on Systems Without apropos "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch50_01.htm"TITLE="50.1 UNIX Online Documentation "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 50.1 UNIX Online Documentation "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 50<BR>Help--Online Documentation, etc.</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch50_03.htm"TITLE="50.3 apropos on Systems Without apropos "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 50.3 apropos on Systems Without apropos "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-2100">50.2 The apropos Command </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-59006"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-59008"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-59011"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-59014"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-59017"></A>The biggest problem with the UNIX manual set is finding what you want,given that you don't already know what you're looking for.Forexample: you want to search for a string in a file.If you don'tremember that the command you want is called <EMCLASS="emphasis">grep</EM>, how will youever find it?</P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-59022"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-59025"></A>The <EMCLASS="emphasis">apropos</EM> command, which is equivalent to <EMCLASS="emphasis">man -k</EM> (andsometimes just an alias for <EMCLASS="emphasis">man -k</EM>) helps to solve this problem.It's not always successful, but it's better than nothing.It looksthrough headings of all the "man pages" and prints any that match agiven keyword.For example, to figure out how to search for a string,try the command:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>apropos string</B></CODE>...gets, fgets (3S) - get a string from a streamgetsubopt (3) - parse sub options from a stringgettext, textdomain (3) - retrieve a message string, get & set text domaingrep, egrep, fgrep (1V) - search a file for a string or regular expressionputs, fputs (3S) - put a string on a stream...</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">We've cut some of the output for convenience, but you can see what youwant: to search for a string, you clearly want to use <EMCLASS="emphasis">grep</EM> orone of its relatives.</P><PCLASS="para">All BSD and SVR4 systems support <EMCLASS="emphasis">apropos</EM>.However, there areplenty of SVR3 (and earlier) systems kicking around that don't.If you're facing this problem, see article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch50_03.htm"TITLE="apropos on Systems Without apropos ">50.3</A>.</P><PCLASS="para">MILD FLAME: Over the years, the output from <EMCLASS="emphasis">apropos</EM> hasgotten quite cluttered. It's considerably less useful now than it wasten years ago.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">ML</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch50_01.htm"TITLE="50.1 UNIX Online Documentation "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 50.1 UNIX Online Documentation "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch50_03.htm"TITLE="50.3 apropos on Systems Without apropos "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 50.3 apropos on Systems Without apropos "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">50.1 UNIX Online Documentation </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">50.3 apropos on Systems Without apropos </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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