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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 35] 35.18 Pasting Things in Columns </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly &amp; Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:48:24Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch35_01.htm"TITLE="35. You Can't Quite Call This Editing"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch35_17.htm"TITLE="35.17 Making Text in Columns with pr "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch35_19.htm"TITLE="35.19 Joining Lines with join "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch35_17.htm"TITLE="35.17 Making Text in Columns with pr "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 35.17 Making Text in Columns with pr "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 35<BR>You Can't Quite Call This Editing</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch35_19.htm"TITLE="35.19 Joining Lines with join "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 35.19 Joining Lines with join "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE>&nbsp;<HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-2940">35.18 Pasting Things in Columns </A></H2><TABLECLASS="para.programreference"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="cut+paste">cut+paste</A><BR></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-41104"></A>Do you ever wish you could paste two (or even three) files side byside? You can, if you have the System V<EMCLASS="emphasis">paste</EM> program (or the public-domain implementation on the disc).&#13;</TD></TR></TABLE><PCLASS="para">For example,to create a three-column <EMCLASS="emphasis">file</EM> from files<EMCLASS="emphasis">x</EM>, <EMCLASS="emphasis">y</EM>, and <EMCLASS="emphasis">z</EM>:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">$ <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>paste x y z &gt; file</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">To make <EMCLASS="emphasis">paste</EM> read standard input, use the <EMCLASS="emphasis">-</EM> option, andrepeat <CODECLASS="literal">-</CODE> for every column you want.For example, to make an old broken System V <EMCLASS="emphasis">ls</EM> (which listsfiles in a single column) list files in four columns:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">$ <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>ls | paste - - - -</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">The &quot;standard input&quot; option is also handy when used with<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">cut</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch35_14.htm"TITLE="Cutting Columns or Fields with cut ">35.14</A>)</SPAN>.You can cut data from one position on a line and paste it back onanother.</P><PCLASS="para">The separate data streams being merged are separated by default witha tab, but you can change this with the <EMCLASS="emphasis">-d</EM> option.Unlike the <EMCLASS="emphasis">-d</EM> option to <EMCLASS="emphasis">cut</EM>, you need not specify asingle character; instead, you can specify a list of characters,which will be used in a circular fashion.(I haven't figured a usefor this&nbsp;- maybe you can.)</P><PCLASS="para">The characters in the list can be any regularcharacter or the following escape sequences:&#13;</P><DLCLASS="variablelist"><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">\n</CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">newline</P></DD><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">\t</CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">tab</P></DD><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">\\</CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">backslash</P></DD><DTCLASS="term"><CODECLASS="literal">\0</CODE></DT><DDCLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">empty string&#13;</P></DD></DL><PCLASS="para">Use<SPANCLASS="link">quoting (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch08_14.htm"TITLE="Bourne Shell Quoting ">8.14</A>)</SPAN>,if necessary, to protect characters from the shell.</P><PCLASS="para">There's also a <EMCLASS="emphasis">-s</EM> option that lets youmerge subsequent lines from one file.For example,to merge each pair of lines onto a single line:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">$ <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>paste -s -d&quot;\t\n&quot; list</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-41161"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-41162"></A></P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">TOR</SPAN>, <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">DG</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch35_17.htm"TITLE="35.17 Making Text in Columns with pr "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 35.17 Making Text in Columns with pr "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch35_19.htm"TITLE="35.19 Joining Lines with join "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 35.19 Joining Lines with join "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">35.17 Making Text in Columns with pr </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">35.19 Joining Lines with join </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed &amp; awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>
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