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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 2] 2.12 Automatic Setups for Different Terminals </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:32:12Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch02_01.htm"TITLE="2. Logging In"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch02_11.htm"TITLE="2.11 Faster ksh and bash Startup with $- Test "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch02_13.htm"TITLE="2.13 A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch02_11.htm"TITLE="2.11 Faster ksh and bash Startup with $- Test "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 2.11 Faster ksh and bash Startup with $- Test "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 2<BR>Logging In</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch02_13.htm"TITLE="2.13 A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 2.13 A .cshrc.$HOST File for Per Host Setup "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-0321">2.12 Automatic Setups for Different Terminals </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3442"></A>If you work at several kinds of terminals, terminal setup can be tough.For instance, my X terminal sends a backspace character when I push theupper-right key, but the same key on another terminal sends a delete character-Iwant<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">stty erase</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch05_09.htm"TITLE="Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters ">5.9</A>)</SPAN>to set the right erase character automatically.Maybe you want a full set of calendar programs started when you log in tothe terminal at your desk, but not when you make<SPANCLASS="link">a quickie login (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch02_05.htm"TITLE="Tips for Speeding up Slow Logins ">2.5</A>)</SPAN>from somewhere else.</P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3449"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3452"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3455"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3457"></A>Here are some ideas for changing your login sequence automatically.Some examples are for the C shell and use that shell's<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">switch</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch47_06.htm"TITLE="Quick Reference: C Shell switch Statement ">47.6</A>)</SPAN>and<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">if</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch47_03.htm"TITLE="Conditional Statements with if ">47.3</A>)</SPAN>.Examples for Bourne-type shells use<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">case</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch44_05.htm"TITLE="Test String Values with Bourne Shell case ">44.5</A>)</SPAN>and<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">if</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch44_08.htm"TITLE="Test Exit Status with the if Statement ">44.8</A>)</SPAN>.If you use the other type of shell, the idea still applies; just switchthe syntax.</P><ULCLASS="itemizedlist"><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3471"></A>If all you want to do is initialize your terminal (set the<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">TERM</EM> variable (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch05_10.htm"TITLE="Finding What Terminal Names You Can Use ">5.10</A>)</SPAN>,set your erase character, etc.),the<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">tset</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch05_03.htm"TITLE="Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In ">5.3</A>)</SPAN>command may be all you need.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">If your <EMCLASS="emphasis">TERM</EM> environment variable is set differently on each terminal,you can add a test like this to your <EMCLASS="emphasis">.login</EM> file:<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3481"></A></P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">switch ($TERM)case vt100: <ICLASS="lineannotation">...do commands for vt100</I> breakswcase <CODECLASS="replaceable"><I>xxx</I></CODE>: <ICLASS="lineannotation">...do commands for xxx</I> breakswdefault: <ICLASS="lineannotation">...do commands for other terminals</I> breakswendsw</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">and so on.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">If you<SPANCLASS="link">log in from other hosts (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch01_33.htm"TITLE="UNIX Networking and Communications ">1.33</A>)</SPAN>or from hosts running the<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3493"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3495"></A><SPANCLASS="link">X window system (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch01_31.htm"TITLE="The X Window System ">1.31</A>)</SPAN>,the <EMCLASS="emphasis">who am i</EM> command will probably show a hostname and/or windowinformation in parentheses:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">bash$ <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>who am i</B></CODE>jpeek pts/6 Jul 17 10:30 (www.jpeek.com:0.0)</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">(Long hostnames may be truncated.Check yours before you write this test.)If the information in parentheses will help,add commands like these to your <EMCLASS="emphasis">.profile</EM> file:<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3504"></A></P><PCLASS="para"><TABLECLASS="screen.co"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="calloutlist"><ACLASS="co"HREF="ch44_05.htm"TITLE="44.5 Test String Values with Bourne Shell case ">case</A> <ACLASS="co"HREF="ch34_10.htm"TITLE="34.10 Referencing Portions of a Search String ">\(..\) \1</A> </PRE></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="screen">case "`who am i | sed -n 's/.*(\(.*\))/\1/p'`" in*0.0) <ICLASS="lineannotation">...do commands for X display 0</I> ;;mac2*) <ICLASS="lineannotation">...do commands for the host mac2.foo.com</I> ;;"") <ICLASS="lineannotation">...no output (probably not a remote login)</I> ;;*) <ICLASS="lineannotation">...do commands for other situations</I> ;;esac</PRE></TD></TR></TABLE></P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-3515"></A>That uses <SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">sed</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch34_24.htm"TITLE="Quick Reference: sed ">34.24</A>)</SPAN>to givethe text between the parentheses for that remote host to the <CODECLASS="literal">case</CODE>.This <CODECLASS="literal">*0.0</CODE> case matches lines ending with <CODECLASS="literal">0.0</CODE>, the<CODECLASS="literal">mac2</CODE> case matches lines that start with <CODECLASS="literal">mac2</CODE>,an empty string means <EMCLASS="emphasis">sed</EM> probably didn't find any parentheses,and the <CODECLASS="literal">*</CODE> case catches everything else.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para"⌨️ 快捷键说明
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