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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Index</TITLE></HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000"><P><A HREF="../index.htm"><IMG SRC="../gifs/smbanns.gif" ALT="Book Home" BORDER=0></A><P><FONT SIZE="-1"><A HREF="idx_0.htm">Symbols</A>| <A HREF="idx_a.htm">A</A>| <A HREF="idx_b.htm">B</A>| <A HREF="idx_c.htm">C</A>| <A HREF="idx_d.htm">D</A>| <A HREF="idx_e.htm">E</A>| <A HREF="idx_f.htm">F</A>| <A HREF="idx_g.htm">G</A>| <A HREF="idx_h.htm">H</A>| <A HREF="idx_i.htm">I</A>| <A HREF="idx_j.htm">J</A>| <A HREF="idx_k.htm">K</A>| L| <A HREF="idx_m.htm">M</A>| <A HREF="idx_n.htm">N</A>| <A HREF="idx_o.htm">O</A>| <A HREF="idx_p.htm">P</A>| <A HREF="idx_q.htm">Q</A>| <A HREF="idx_r.htm">R</A>| <A HREF="idx_s.htm">S</A>| <A HREF="idx_t.htm">T</A>| <A HREF="idx_u.htm">U</A>| <A HREF="idx_v.htm">V</A>| <A HREF="idx_w.htm">W</A>| <A HREF="idx_x.htm">X</A>| <A HREF="idx_y.htm">Y</A>| <A HREF="idx_z.htm">Z</A></FONT><H1>Index: L</H1><DL><DT><A NAME="la-function">la function</A>: <A HREF="../ch10_09.htm">10.9. Shell Functions </A><DT><A NAME="last-access-time">last access time</A>: <A HREF="../ch21_05.htm">21.5. What Good Is a File's Last Access Time? </A><DD><DL> <DT>deleting by: <A HREF="../ch23_20.htm">23.20. Deleting Stale Files </A></DL><DT><A NAME="last-modification">last modification</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_m.htm#modification-time">modification time, file</A>)<DT><A NAME="lastcomm-command">lastcomm command</A>: <A HREF="../ch39_06.htm">39.6. lastcomm: What Commands Are Running and How Long Do They Take?</A><DD><DL> <DT>addup script using: <A HREF="../ch49_07.htm">49.7. Total a Column with addup </A></DL><DT><A NAME="leave-program">leave program</A>: <A HREF="../ch48_05.htm">48.5. leave: A Maddening Aid to Quitting on Time </A><DT><A NAME="left-angle-bracket">left angle bracket</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_0.htm#.3c"><</A>)<DT><A NAME="left-bracket">left bracket</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_0.htm#.5b-.5d">[ ] (brackets)</A>)<DT><A NAME="length-command">length command (awk)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_11.htm#UPT-ART-2860-SECT-1.7">33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands </A><DT><A NAME="lensort-script">lensort script</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch36_08.htm">36.8. lensort: Sort Lines by Length </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="less-command">less command</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="less-utility">less utility</A>: <A HREF="../ch25_03.htm">25.3. Using more to Page Through Files </A><DD><DL> <DT>-s option: <A HREF="../ch16_22.htm">16.22. Comparing Two Directory Trees with dircmp </A></DL><DT><A NAME="lesskey-program">lesskey program</A>: <A HREF="../ch25_04.htm">25.4. The "less" Pager: More than "more"</A><DT><A NAME="lf-script">lf script</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch16_07.htm">16.7. ls Shortcuts: ll, lf, lg, etc. </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="lg-script">lg script</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="libraries">libraries</A><DD><DL> <DT>functions defined in: <A HREF="../ch52_08.htm#UPT-ART-3840-SECT-1.2.7">52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files </A> <DT>linking with: <A HREF="../ch52_08.htm#UPT-ART-3840-SECT-1.2.7">52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files </A> <DT>in /usr/lib: <A HREF="../ch52_08.htm#UPT-ART-3840-SECT-1.2.7">52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files </A></DL><DT><A NAME="limit-filesize-command">limit filesize command</A>: <A HREF="../ch24_05.htm">24.5. Limiting File Sizes </A><DT><A NAME="line-.23.3a-.3b.3b-unexpected">line #: ;; unexpected</A>: <A HREF="../ch46_01.htm#UPT-ART-7160-SECT-1.4">46.1.4. Missing or Extra esac, ;;, fi, etc. </A><DT><A NAME="line-drawings">line drawings</A>: <A HREF="../ch43_12.htm#UPT-ART-7740-SECT-1.1">43.12.1. troff </A><DT><A NAME="line-editing">line editing</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_b.htm#batch-editing">batch editing</A>)<DT><A NAME="line-function">line function</A>: <A HREF="../ch44_13.htm">44.13. read: Reading from the Keyboard </A><DT><A NAME="line-numbers">line numbers</A>: <A HREF="../ch25_21.htm">25.21. Numbering Lines </A><DD><DL> <DT>resetting: <A HREF="../ch46_01.htm#UPT-ART-7160-SECT-1.5">46.1.5. Line Numbers Reset Inside Redirected Loops </A></DL><DT><A NAME="line-spacing">line spacing</A>: <A HREF="../ch25_12.htm">25.12. Double Space, Triple Space ... </A><DT><A NAME="line.2dkill-character">line-kill character</A>: <A HREF="../ch09_02.htm">9.2. Fix a Line Faster with Line-Kill and Word-Erase </A><DT><A NAME="line.2dwrapping">line-wrapping</A>: <A HREF="../ch42_05.htm">42.5. Checklist: Screen Size Messed Up? </A><DT><A NAME="lines-in-files">lines in files</A><DD><DL> <DT>counting: <A HREF="../ch29_06.htm">29.6. Counting Lines, Words, and Characters: wc </A> <DT>searching for: <A HREF="../ch45_11.htm">45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command </A></DL><DT><A NAME="linespeed-switches">linespeed switches</A>: <A HREF="../ch05_03.htm">5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In </A><DT><A NAME="links">links</A>: <A HREF="../ch18_04.htm">18.4. More About Links </A><DD><DL> <DT>between directories: <A HREF="../ch18_07.htm">18.7. Linking Directories </A> <DT>copying: <A HREF="../ch18_15.htm">18.15. Copying Directory Trees with cp -r </A> <DT>creating/removing: <A HREF="../ch18_05.htm">18.5. Creating and Removing Links </A> <DT>to directories: <A HREF="../ch18_04.htm#UPT-ART-7944-SECT-1.2">18.4.2. Links to a Directory </A> <DT>disk space and: <A HREF="../ch24_04.htm">24.4. Save Space with a Link </A> <DT>errors caused by: <A HREF="../ch50_12.htm">50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages </A> <DT>to filenames <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch18_04.htm#UPT-ART-7944-SECT-1.1">18.4.1. Differences Between Hard and Symbolic Links </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_22.htm">44.22. Finding a Program Name; Multiple Program Names </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_13.htm">45.13. Save Disk Space and Programming: Multiple Names for a Program</A> </DL> <DT>finding: <A HREF="../ch17_22.htm">17.22. Finding the Links to a File </A> <DT>hard: (see <A HREF="idx_h.htm#hard-links">hard links</A>) <DT>invalid: <A HREF="../ch18_06.htm">18.6. Stale Symbolic Links </A> <DT>to programs <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_22.htm">44.22. Finding a Program Name; Multiple Program Names </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_13.htm">45.13. Save Disk Space and Programming: Multiple Names for a Program</A> </DL> <DT>relinking: <A HREF="../ch18_14.htm">18.14. Relinking Multiple Symbolic Links </A> <DT>symbolic: (see <A HREF="idx_s.htm#symbolic-links">symbolic links</A>)</DL><DT><A NAME="list.2ebase-program">list.base program</A>: <A HREF="../ch48_10.htm">48.10. Working with Names and Addresses </A><DT><A NAME="literal-percent-sign">literal percent sign, creating</A>: <A HREF="../ch40_14.htm">40.14. Including Standard Input Within a cron Entry </A><DT><A NAME="litmaath">Litmaath, Maarten</A>: <A HREF="../ch13_16.htm">13.16. Store and Show Errors with logerrs </A><DT><A NAME="ll-script">ll script</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="lm-script">lm script</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="ln-command">ln command</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch18_05.htm">18.5. Creating and Removing Links </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A> <DT>-s option <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch18_05.htm">18.5. Creating and Removing Links </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch18_07.htm">18.7. Linking Directories </A> </DL></DL><DT><A NAME="lndir-program">lndir program</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="lndir-script">lndir script</A>: <A HREF="../ch18_07.htm">18.7. Linking Directories </A><DT><A NAME="load-averages">load averages</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch39_07.htm">39.7. Checking System Load: uptime </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch39_12.htm#UPT-ART-67-SECT-1.1">39.12.1. The CPU </A></DL><DT><A NAME="local-dictionary-files">local dictionary files</A>: <A HREF="../ch29_01.htm#UPT-ART-4080">29.1. The UNIX spell Command </A><DT><A NAME="locate-program">locate program</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="locate-script">locate script</A>: <A HREF="../ch17_18.htm">17.18. Using "Fast find"</A><DT><A NAME="lockfiles">lockfiles</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_36.htm">45.36. Shell Lockfile </A> <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_f.htm#file-permissions">file permissions</A>) <DT>creating: <A HREF="../ch45_36.htm">45.36. Shell Lockfile </A> <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch45_36.htm">45.36. Shell Lockfile </A></DL><DT><A NAME="log-command">log command (awk)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_11.htm#UPT-ART-2860-SECT-1.7">33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands </A><DT><A NAME="logdir-environment-variable">LOGDIR environment variable</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch06_03.htm">6.3. Predefined Environment Variables </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch14_11.htm">14.11. Finding (Anyone's) Home Directory, Quickly </A></DL><DT><A NAME="logerrs-script">logerrs script</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch13_16.htm">13.16. Store and Show Errors with logerrs </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="logging-in">logging in</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_01.htm#UPT-ART-4790">2.1. Customizing the Shell </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch38_02.htm">38.2. fork and exec </A> <DT>to another user's account: <A HREF="../ch22_22.htm">22.22. The su Command Isn't Just for the Superuser </A> <DT>changing login sequence: <A HREF="../ch02_12.htm">2.12. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals </A> <DT>multiple sessions: <A HREF="../ch22_22.htm#UPT-ART-1920-SECT-1.1">22.22.1. Ending or Suspending </A> <DT>showing login messages once: <A HREF="../ch02_15.htm">2.15. Unclutter Logins: Show Login Messages Just Once </A> <DT>showing new message lines: <A HREF="../ch02_14.htm">2.14. motd.diff: Show New Lines in Login Messages</A></DL><DT><A NAME="logging">logging, disk space and</A>: <A HREF="../ch24_02.htm">24.2. Save Space with Bit Bucket Log Files and Mailboxes</A><DT><A NAME="logical-operators">logical operators</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_o.htm#operators">operators, logical</A>)<DT><A NAME=".2elogin-file">.login file</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_02.htm#UPT-ART-1070-SECT-1.2">2.2.2. C Shell </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_07.htm">2.7. C Shell Setup Files Aren't Read When You Want Them to Be? </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_08.htm">2.8. Identifying Login Shells </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_12.htm">2.12. Automatic Setups for Different Terminals </A> <DT>if statements in: <A HREF="../ch47_03.htm">47.3. Conditional Statements with if </A> <DT>once-a-day setup: <A HREF="../ch02_05.htm#UPT-ART-5740-SECT-1.3">2.5.3. Once-a-Day Setup </A> <DT>setting search path: <A HREF="../ch08_07.htm#UPT-ART-7864-SECT-1.1">8.7.1. Setting Path in Shell Setup Files </A> <DT>setting terminal type: <A HREF="../ch05_03.htm">5.3. Setting the Terminal Type When You Log In </A></DL><DT><A NAME="login-shells">login shells</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_02.htm">2.2. Shell Setup Files-Which, Where, and Why </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_02.htm#UPT-ART-1070-SECT-1.2">2.2.2. C Shell </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch02_08.htm">2.8. Identifying Login Shells </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch51_09.htm">51.9. Making a "Login" Shell</A> <DT>identifying: <A HREF="../ch02_08.htm">2.8. Identifying Login Shells </A> <DT>unapproved: <A HREF="../ch02_16.htm">2.16. Approved Shells: Using Unapproved Login Shell </A>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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