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<DT><A NAME="standard-error">standard error</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch13_03.htm">13.3. Send (only) Standard Error Down a Pipe </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch44_09.htm">44.9. Testing Your Success </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch45_20.htm">45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors </A>  <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_d.htm#debugging">debugging</A>; <A HREF="idx_e.htm#errors">errors</A>)  <DT>piping to pager: <A HREF="../ch46_01.htm#UPT-ART-7160-SECT-1.1">46.1.1. Use -xv </A>  <DT>redirecting  <DD><DL>    <DT><A HREF="../ch45_20.htm">45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors </A>    <DT><A HREF="../ch45_21.htm">45.21. n&gt;&amp;m: Swap Standard Output and Standard Error </A>    <DT><A HREF="../ch47_02.htm#UPT-ART-393-SECT-1.1.1">47.2.1.1. Writing Files </A>  </DL></DL><DT><A NAME="standard-i.2fo-facility">standard I/O facility</A>: <A HREF="../ch13_01.htm#UPT-ART-1023">13.1. Using Standard Input and Output</A><DT><A NAME="standard-input">standard input</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch13_01.htm#UPT-ART-1023">13.1. Using Standard Input and Output</A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch13_13.htm">13.13. The "Filename&quot; - </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch45_20.htm">45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors </A>  <DT>in C shell: <A HREF="../ch47_02.htm#UPT-ART-393-SECT-1.1.2">47.2.1.2. Reading Files </A>  <DT>in Bourne shell: <A HREF="../ch47_02.htm#UPT-ART-393-SECT-1.1.2">47.2.1.2. Reading Files </A>  <DT>including directly on cron command line: <A HREF="../ch40_14.htm">40.14. Including Standard Input Within a cron Entry </A>  <DT>reading scripts from  <DD><DL>    <DT><A HREF="../ch45_24.htm">45.24. A Shell Can Read a Script from its Standard Input, But...</A>    <DT><A HREF="../ch45_25.htm">45.25. Shell Scripts On-the-Fly from Standard Input </A>  </DL>  <DT>redirecting  <DD><DL>    <DT><A HREF="../ch45_20.htm">45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors </A>    <DT><A HREF="../ch47_02.htm#UPT-ART-393-SECT-1.1.2">47.2.1.2. Reading Files </A>  </DL></DL><DT><A NAME="standard-output">standard output</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch45_20.htm">45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch46_01.htm#UPT-ART-7160-SECT-1.1">46.1.1. Use -xv </A>  <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_d.htm#debugging-output">debugging output</A>)  <DT>in Bourne shell: <A HREF="../ch47_02.htm#UPT-ART-393-SECT-1.1.4">47.2.1.4. More Elaborate Combinations </A>  <DT>in C shell: <A HREF="../ch47_02.htm#UPT-ART-393-SECT-1.1.4">47.2.1.4. More Elaborate Combinations </A>  <DT>debugging: <A HREF="../ch46_01.htm#UPT-ART-7160-SECT-1.1">46.1.1. Use -xv </A>  <DT>redirecting  <DD><DL>    <DT><A HREF="../ch45_20.htm">45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors </A>    <DT><A HREF="../ch45_21.htm">45.21. n&gt;&amp;m: Swap Standard Output and Standard Error </A>    <DT><A HREF="../ch46_01.htm#UPT-ART-7160-SECT-1.1">46.1.1. Use -xv </A>  </DL>  <DT>redirecting with tpipe: <A HREF="../ch13_11.htm">13.11. tpipe-Redirecting stdout to More than One Place </A></DL><DT><A NAME="stat-program">stat program</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch01_22.htm">1.22. How UNIX Keeps Track of Files: Inodes </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch21_13.htm">21.13. Read an Inode with stat </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="state">state, job</A>: <A HREF="../ch12_06.htm">12.6. Notification When Jobs Change State </A><DT><A NAME="status-command">status command (lpc)</A>: <A HREF="../ch43_03.htm">43.3. Printer Control with lpc </A><DT><A NAME="status-shell-varible">status shell varible</A>: <A HREF="../ch06_09.htm">6.9. Special C Shell Variables </A><DT><A NAME="status-variable">status variable</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch44_08.htm">44.8. Test Exit Status with the if Statement </A>  <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_e.htm#exit-status">exit status</A>)</DL><DT><A NAME="stderr">stderr</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_s.htm#standard-error">standard error</A>)<DT><A NAME="stdin">stdin</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_s.htm#standard-input">standard input</A>)<DT><A NAME="stdout">stdout</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_s.htm#standard-output">standard output</A>)<DT><A NAME="stem.2dderivative-rule">stem-derivative rule</A>: <A HREF="../ch29_04.htm">29.4. Inside spell </A><DT><A NAME="sticky-bit">sticky bit</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch01_23.htm">1.23. File Access Permissions </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch01_25.htm">1.25. Access to Directories </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch22_06.htm">22.6. Protecting Files with the Sticky Bit </A></DL><DT><A NAME="stop-command">stop command</A>: <A HREF="../ch12_05.htm">12.5. System Overloaded? Try Stopping Some Jobs </A><DT><A NAME="stop-list">stop list, spelling</A>: <A HREF="../ch29_04.htm">29.4. Inside spell </A><DT><A NAME="stop-signal">STOP signal</A>: <A HREF="../ch38_08.htm">38.8. What Are Signals? </A><DT><A NAME="stream-editor">stream editor</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_s.htm#sed-editor">sed editor</A>)<DT><A NAME="stree-script">stree script</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch16_19.htm">16.19. stree: Simple Directory Tree </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="string-capabilities">string capabilities</A>: <A HREF="../ch41_11.htm">41.11. How termcap and terminfo Describe Terminals </A><DT><A NAME="strings">strings</A><DD><DL>  <DT>editing  <DD><DL>    <DT>csh: <A HREF="../ch09_06.htm">9.6. String Editing (Colon) Operators </A>    <DT>ksh and bash: <A HREF="../ch09_07.htm">9.7. String Editing in ksh and bash </A>  </DL>  <DT>editing operators: (see <A HREF="idx_o.htm#operators">operators, string editing</A>)</DL><DT><A NAME="strip-command">strip command</A>: <A HREF="../ch24_13.htm">24.13. Save Space in Executable Files with strip </A><DT><A NAME="stripper-script">stripper script</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch24_13.htm">24.13. Save Space in Executable Files with strip </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="stty-command">stty command</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch05_09.htm">5.9. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch41_01.htm#UPT-ART-1143">41.1. Delving a Little Deeper </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch41_02.htm#UPT-ART-1140-SECT-1.1">41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?) </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A>  <DT>changing communication parameters on the fly: <A HREF="../ch42_01.htm#UPT-ART-1142">42.1. Making Sense Out of the Terminal Mess </A>  <DT>finding out terminal settings with: <A HREF="../ch41_03.htm">41.3. Find Out Terminal Settings with stty </A>  <DT>stty -a command: <A HREF="../ch42_05.htm">42.5. Checklist: Screen Size Messed Up? </A>  <DT>stty -g command: <A HREF="../ch42_04.htm">42.4. Checklist for Resetting a Messed Up Terminal </A>  <DT>stty cbreak command: <A HREF="../ch41_07.htm">41.7. Reading Verrrry Long Lines from the Terminal </A>  <DT>stty icanon command: <A HREF="../ch41_07.htm">41.7. Reading Verrrry Long Lines from the Terminal </A>  <DT>stty nostop command: <A HREF="../ch12_07.htm">12.7. Stop Background Output with stty tostop </A>  <DT>stty size command: <A HREF="../ch42_05.htm">42.5. Checklist: Screen Size Messed Up? </A></DL><DT><A NAME="stty-size-command">stty size command</A>: <A HREF="../ch42_05.htm">42.5. Checklist: Screen Size Messed Up? </A><DT><A NAME="su-command">su command</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch02_04.htm">2.4. Tip for Changing Account Setup: Keep a Shell Ready </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch22_22.htm">22.22. The su Command Isn't Just for the Superuser </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A>  <DT>starting a subshell: <A HREF="../ch38_04.htm">38.4. Subshells </A>  <DT>su stucklogin: <A HREF="../ch05_06.htm">5.6. Checklist: Terminal Hangs When I Log In </A></DL><DT><A NAME="sub-command">sub command (awk)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_11.htm#UPT-ART-2860-SECT-1.7">33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands </A><DT><A NAME="subdirectories">subdirectories</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_d.htm#directories">directories</A>)<DT><A NAME="subprocess">subprocess</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_c.htm#child-processes">child processes</A>)<DT><A NAME="subroutines">subroutines, dot (.) command compared to</A>: <A HREF="../ch44_23.htm">44.23. Reading Files with the . and source Commands </A><DT><A NAME="subshell-operators">subshell operators</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch02_02.htm">2.2. Shell Setup Files-Which, Where, and Why </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch13_10.htm">13.10. How to tee Several Commands Into One File </A></DL><DT><A NAME="subshells">subshells</A>: <A HREF="../ch38_04.htm">38.4. Subshells </A><DD><DL>  <DT>( ) operators for: <A HREF="../ch13_07.htm">13.7. The () Subshell Operators </A>  <DT>levels: <A HREF="../ch07_09.htm">7.9. Show Subshell Level with $SHLVL </A>  <DT>redirected loops running in: <A HREF="../ch45_23.htm">45.23. The Ins and Outs of Redirected I/O Loops </A>  <DT>running: <A HREF="../ch46_06.htm">46.6. Watch Out for Bourne Shell -e Bug </A>  <DT>setting command-line parameters: <A HREF="../ch44_19.htm">44.19. The Bourne Shell set Command </A>  <DT>starting: <A HREF="../ch02_16.htm">2.16. Approved Shells: Using Unapproved Login Shell </A>  <DT>su command and: (see <A HREF="idx_s.htm#su-command">su command</A>)</DL><DT><A NAME="substitute-command">substitute command (ex)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_04.htm">33.4. Useful ex Commands </A><DT><A NAME="substitute-command">substitute command (sed)</A><DD><DL>  <DT>script.tidy using: <A HREF="../ch51_06.htm">51.6. Cleaning script Files </A></DL><DT><A NAME="substr-command">substr command (awk)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_11.htm#UPT-ART-2860-SECT-1.7">33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands </A><DT><A NAME="suid">SUID (set user ID) bit</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch01_23.htm">1.23. File Access Permissions </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch01_25.htm">1.25. Access to Directories </A></DL><DT><A NAME="sunexpert-magazine">SunExpert magazine, article on awk</A>: <A HREF="../ch44_14.htm">44.14. Putting awk, sed, etc., Inside Shell Scripts </A><DT><A NAME="superuser">superuser</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_r.htm#root-user">root user</A>)<DT><A NAME="susp-key">susp key</A>: <A HREF="../ch05_09.htm">5.9. Setting Your Erase, Kill, and Interrupt Characters </A><DT><A NAME="suspend-command">suspend command</A>: <A HREF="../ch38_04.htm">38.4. Subshells </A><DT><A NAME="swap-space">swap space, errors caused by lack of</A>: <A HREF="../ch50_12.htm">50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages </A><DT><A NAME="swapon-command">swapon command</A>: <A HREF="../ch50_12.htm">50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages </A><DT><A NAME="swapping">swapping</A>: <A HREF="../ch39_12.htm#UPT-ART-67-SECT-1.2">39.12.2. The Memory Subsystem </A><DT><A NAME=".22swaps.22">&quot;swaps&quot;</A>: <A HREF="../ch39_03.htm">39.3. The csh time variable </A><DT><A NAME="switch-statements">switch statements</A>: <A HREF="../ch47_06.htm">47.6. Quick Reference: C Shell switch Statement </A><DD><DL>  <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch47_06.htm">47.6. Quick Reference: C Shell switch Statement </A>  <DT>if statemtents compared to: <A HREF="../ch47_06.htm">47.6. Quick Reference: C Shell switch Statement </A>  <DT>in C shells: <A HREF="../ch47_06.htm">47.6. Quick Reference: C Shell switch Statement </A></DL><DT><A NAME="symbolic-links">symbolic links</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch14_13.htm">14.13. Which Directory Am I in, Really? </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch18_04.htm">18.4. More About Links </A>  <DT><A HREF="../ch24_04.htm">24.4. Save Space with a Link </A>  <DT>advantages: <A HREF="../ch18_03.htm">18.3. Files with Two or More Names</A>  <DT>between directories: <A HREF="../ch18_07.htm">18.7. Linking Directories </A>  <DT>copying: <A HREF="../ch18_15.htm">18.15. Copying Directory Trees with cp -r </A>  <DT>disk space and: <A HREF="../ch14_14.htm">14.14. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory </A>  <DT>filenames for: <A HREF="../ch18_08.htm">18.8. Showing the Actual Filenames for Symbolic Links </A>  <DT>finding: <A HREF="../ch17_13.htm">17.13. Searching for Files by Type </A>  <DT>finding unconnected: <A HREF="../ch16_28.htm">16.28. oldlinks: Find Unconnected Symbolic Links </A>  <DT>relinking: <A HREF="../ch18_14.htm">18.14. Relinking Multiple Symbolic Links </A>  <DT>stale: <A HREF="../ch18_05.htm">18.5. Creating and Removing Links </A></DL><DT><A NAME="symbols">symbols</A><DD><DL>  <DT><A HREF="../ch44_15.htm#UPT-ART-7130-SECT-1.1">44.15.1. With the  $@"</A>  <DT>(see also under specific symbol names)  <DT>in filenames and pathnames: <A HREF="../ch44_15.htm#UPT-ART-7130-SECT-1.1">44.15.1. With the  $@"</A>  <DT>terms for: <A HREF="../ch51_08.htm">51.8. Type Bang Splat.  Don't Forget the Rabbit Ears </A></DL><DT><A NAME="sync-program">sync program</A>: <A HREF="../ch01_14.htm">1.14. The Kernel and Daemons </A><DT><A NAME=".22syntax-error.22-error-message">&quot;Syntax error&quot; error message</A>: <A HREF="../ch46_04.htm">46.4. Stop Syntax Errors in Numeric Tests </A><DT><A NAME="system">system</A><DD><DL>  <DT>commands, replacing: <A HREF="../ch08_07.htm#UPT-ART-7864-SECT-1.1">8.7.1. Setting Path in Shell 

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