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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Index</TITLE></HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000"><P><A HREF="../index.htm"><IMG SRC="../gifs/smbanns.gif" ALT="Book Home" BORDER=0></A><P><FONT SIZE="-1"><A HREF="idx_0.htm">Symbols</A>| <A HREF="idx_a.htm">A</A>| <A HREF="idx_b.htm">B</A>| <A HREF="idx_c.htm">C</A>| <A HREF="idx_d.htm">D</A>| <A HREF="idx_e.htm">E</A>| <A HREF="idx_f.htm">F</A>| G| <A HREF="idx_h.htm">H</A>| <A HREF="idx_i.htm">I</A>| <A HREF="idx_j.htm">J</A>| <A HREF="idx_k.htm">K</A>| <A HREF="idx_l.htm">L</A>| <A HREF="idx_m.htm">M</A>| <A HREF="idx_n.htm">N</A>| <A HREF="idx_o.htm">O</A>| <A HREF="idx_p.htm">P</A>| <A HREF="idx_q.htm">Q</A>| <A HREF="idx_r.htm">R</A>| <A HREF="idx_s.htm">S</A>| <A HREF="idx_t.htm">T</A>| <A HREF="idx_u.htm">U</A>| <A HREF="idx_v.htm">V</A>| <A HREF="idx_w.htm">W</A>| <A HREF="idx_x.htm">X</A>| <A HREF="idx_y.htm">Y</A>| <A HREF="idx_z.htm">Z</A></FONT><H1>Index: G</H1><DL><DT><A NAME="g-command">g command</A>: <A HREF="../ch11_07.htm">11.7. History Substitutions </A><DT><A NAME="gawk-utility">gawk utility</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch33_11.htm">33.11. Quick Reference: awk </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch50_12.htm">50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_05.htm#UPT-ART-9503-SECT-1.3.4">52.5.3.4. Installing a Single Program </A> <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_a.htm#awk-utility">awk utility</A>; <A HREF="idx_n.htm#nawk-utility">nawk utility</A>) <DT>version history: <A HREF="../ch33_12.htm">33.12. Versions of awk </A></DL><DT><A NAME="gcc-c-compiler">gcc C compiler</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_08.htm#UPT-ART-3840-SECT-1.1.1">52.8.1.1. Missing Programs </A><DT><A NAME="get-command">get command (SCCS)</A>: <A HREF="../ch20_13.htm">20.13. SCCS Basics </A><DT><A NAME="getmac-script">getmac script</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="getopt-command">getopt command</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_16.htm">44.16. Handling Command-Line Arguments with a for Loop </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_18.htm">44.18. Standard Command-Line Parsing </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A> <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch44_18.htm">44.18. Standard Command-Line Parsing </A> <DT>parsing output: <A HREF="../ch44_18.htm">44.18. Standard Command-Line Parsing </A></DL><DT><A NAME="getopts-command">getopts command</A>: <A HREF="../ch44_16.htm">44.16. Handling Command-Line Arguments with a for Loop </A><DD><DL> <DT>advantages: <A HREF="../ch44_17.htm">44.17. Handling Arguments with while and shift </A></DL><DT><A NAME="getty-program">getty program</A>: <A HREF="../ch38_02.htm">38.2. fork and exec </A><DT><A NAME="glass-ttys">glass ttys</A>: <A HREF="../ch41_02.htm#UPT-ART-1140-SECT-1.1">41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?) </A><DT><A NAME="glimpse-script">glimpse script</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_08.htm">27.8. glimpse and agrep </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="global-command">global command (ex)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_04.htm">33.4. Useful ex Commands </A><DT><A NAME="gnroff-program">gnroff program</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch43_17.htm">43.17. Don't Have nroff? Try gnroff or awf </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="gnu-awk">GNU awk</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_a.htm#awk-utility">awk utility</A>)<DT><A NAME="gnu-emacs">GNU Emacs</A>: (see <A HREF="idx_e.htm#emacs-editor">Emacs editor</A>)<DT><A NAME="gnu-fileutils">GNU fileutils</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="gnu-make-utility">GNU make utility</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_08.htm#UPT-ART-3840-SECT-1.1.1">52.8.1.1. Missing Programs </A><DT><A NAME=".22go.22-character">"go" character</A>: <A HREF="../ch41_02.htm#UPT-ART-1140-SECT-1.4">41.2.4. Flow Control (We Hope) </A><DT><A NAME="grabchars">grabchars</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DD><DL> <DT>-b option: <A HREF="../ch45_32.htm">45.32. A Better read Command: grabchars </A> <DT>-d option: <A HREF="../ch45_32.htm">45.32. A Better read Command: grabchars </A> <DT>-t option: <A HREF="../ch45_32.htm">45.32. A Better read Command: grabchars </A></DL><DT><A NAME="grabchars-program">grabchars program</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_13.htm">44.13. read: Reading from the Keyboard </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_32.htm">45.32. A Better read Command: grabchars </A> <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch45_32.htm">45.32. A Better read Command: grabchars </A></DL><DT><A NAME="graphics">graphics</A><DD><DL> <DT>conversion programs: <A HREF="../ch43_25.htm">43.25. The Portable Bitmap Package </A> <DT>pbm (portable bitmap): <A HREF="../ch43_25.htm">43.25. The Portable Bitmap Package </A> <DT>pbm (portable bitmap) format: <A HREF="../ch43_25.htm">43.25. The Portable Bitmap Package </A> <DT>pgm (graymap) format: <A HREF="../ch43_25.htm">43.25. The Portable Bitmap Package </A> <DT>pnm format: <A HREF="../ch43_25.htm">43.25. The Portable Bitmap Package </A> <DT>ppm (pixmap) format: <A HREF="../ch43_25.htm">43.25. The Portable Bitmap Package </A></DL><DT><A NAME="graphics-script">Graphics script</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME=".3e">> (greater than sign)</A><DD><DL> <DT>with for loop: <A HREF="../ch09_12.htm">9.12. The Bourne Shell for Loop </A></DL><DT><A NAME="greater-than-sign">greater than sign (<)</A><DD><DL> <DT>with for loop: <A HREF="../ch09_12.htm">9.12. The Bourne Shell for Loop </A></DL><DT><A NAME="grep">grep</A><DD><DL> <DT>redirecting output: <A HREF="../ch45_20.htm">45.20. Overview: Open Files and File Descriptors </A></DL><DT><A NAME="grep-command">grep command</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch09_16.htm">9.16. Command Substitution </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_01.htm#UPT-ART-7420">27.1. Different Versions of grep </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_02.htm">27.2. Searching for Text with grep </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_08.htm">27.8. glimpse and agrep </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_09.htm">27.9. New greps Are Much Faster </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A> <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_a.htm#agrep-script">agrep script</A>; <A HREF="idx_e.htm#egrep-script">egrep script</A>; <A HREF="idx_f.htm#fgrep-script">fgrep script</A>; <A HREF="idx_h.htm#hgrep-script">hgrep script</A>) <DT>addup script using: <A HREF="../ch49_07.htm">49.7. Total a Column with addup </A> <DT>-c option <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch15_08.htm">15.8. Getting a List of Non-Matching Files with grep -c </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch49_07.htm">49.7. Total a Column with addup </A> </DL> <DT>compound searches: <A HREF="../ch27_14.htm">27.14. Compound Searches </A> <DT>customizing prompt character: <A HREF="../ch01_09.htm">1.9. Which Shell Am I Running? </A> <DT>customizing with perl: <A HREF="../ch27_12.htm">27.12. Make Custom grep Commands (etc.) with perl </A> <DT>directory trees and: <A HREF="../ch17_20.htm">17.20. grepping a Directory Tree (and a Gotcha) </A> <DT>example of: <A HREF="../ch01_04.htm">1.4. Using Pipes to Create a New Tool </A> <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch49_07.htm">49.7. Total a Column with addup </A> <DT>-f option: <A HREF="../ch44_17.htm">44.17. Handling Arguments with while and shift </A> <DT>file searches with <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch09_24.htm">9.24. Get File List by Editing Output of ls -l, grep, etc. </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch09_24.htm#UPT-ART-7630-SECT-1.2">9.24.2. Search for Text with grep </A> </DL> <DT>-i option: <A HREF="../ch17_21.htm">17.21. lookfor: Which File Has that Word? </A> <DT>-l option <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch09_16.htm">9.16. Command Substitution </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch15_07.htm">15.7. Getting a List of Matching Files with grep -l </A> </DL> <DT>multiline: <A HREF="../ch27_11.htm">27.11. A Multiline Context grep Using sed </A> <DT>sed with <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_11.htm">27.11. A Multiline Context grep Using sed </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_15.htm">27.15. Narrowing a Search Quickly </A> </DL> <DT>with type-ahead feature: <A HREF="../ch09_19.htm">9.19. For the Impatient: Type-Ahead </A> <DT>-v option <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch27_03.htm">27.3. Finding Text That Doesn't Match </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_05.htm">45.5. A File That Shows Itself... and What #! Does </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch51_04.htm">51.4. Who's On? </A> </DL> <DT>-w option: <A HREF="../ch27_04.htm">27.4. Finding a Pattern Only When It's a Word </A></DL><DT><A NAME="groff">groff</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="groff-program">groff program</A>: <A HREF="../ch43_16.htm">43.16. groff </A><DT><A NAME="group-id">group ID (GID)</A>: <A HREF="../ch38_03.htm">38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts </A><DT><A NAME="grouping-commands">grouping commands (sh)</A>: <A HREF="../ch13_08.htm">13.8. Using {list} to Group Bourne Shell Commands </A><DT><A NAME="groups">groups</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch17_16.htm">17.16. Searching by Owner and Group </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch22_02.htm#UPT-ART-417-SECT-1.2">22.2.2. Which Group is Which? </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch22_13.htm">22.13. Groups and Group Ownership </A> <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_u.htm#users">users</A>) <DT>(see <A HREF="idx_s.htm#sgid">SGID (set group ID) bit</A>) <DT>changing/specifying: <A HREF="../ch22_05.htm">22.5. Group Permissions in a Directory with the setgid Bit </A> <DT>defined: <A HREF="../ch22_02.htm#UPT-ART-417-SECT-1.1">22.2.1. User, Group, and World </A> <DT>denying permission by: <A HREF="../ch22_14.htm">22.14. Add Users to a Group to Deny Permission </A> <DT>newgrp command: <A HREF="../ch22_13.htm">22.13. Groups and Group Ownership </A> <DT>searching by: <A HREF="../ch17_16.htm">17.16. Searching by Owner and Group </A></DL><DT><A NAME="groups-command">groups command</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch22_13.htm">22.13. Groups and Group Ownership </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch22_15.htm">22.15. Juggling Permissions </A></DL><DT><A NAME="groups-program">groups program</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="gsub-command">gsub command (awk)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_11.htm#UPT-ART-2860-SECT-1.7">33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands </A><DT><A NAME="gunzip-utility">gunzip utility</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch19_05.htm">19.5. Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch19_07.htm">19.7. Extracting Files from a Compressed Archive </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch24_07.htm">24.7. Compressing Files to Save Space </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="gxcat-command">gxcat command</A>: <A HREF="../ch24_07.htm">24.7. Compressing Files to Save Space </A><DT><A NAME=".2egz-filename-extension">.gz filename extension</A>: <A HREF="../ch01_17.htm">1.17. Filename Extensions </A><DT><A NAME="gzcat-script">gzcat script</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch19_07.htm">19.7. Extracting Files from a Compressed Archive </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A> <DT>in Bourne shell scripts: <A HREF="../ch44_15.htm#UPT-ART-7130-SECT-1.1">44.15.1. With the $@"</A> <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch44_15.htm#UPT-ART-7130-SECT-1.1">44.15.1. With the $@"</A></DL><DT><A NAME="gzip-utility">gzip utility</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch19_05.htm">19.5. Using tar to Create and Unpack Archives </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch24_06.htm">24.6. Save Space with Tab Characters </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch24_07.htm">24.7. Compressing Files to Save Space </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="gzipped-file-extension">gzipped file extension</A>: <A HREF="../ch01_17.htm">1.17. 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