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: <A HREF="../ch38_02.htm">38.2. fork and exec </A><DT><A NAME="executable-files">executable files</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_08.htm#UPT-ART-3840-SECT-1.2">52.8.2. Compiling Source Code </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_08.htm#UPT-ART-3840-SECT-1.2.7">52.8.2.7. Functions, Libraries, and Header Files </A> <DT>displaying: <A HREF="../ch45_05.htm">45.5. A File That Shows Itself... and What #! Does </A> <DT>errors caused by: <A HREF="../ch50_12.htm">50.12. Common UNIX Error Messages </A> <DT>executing without showing #!: <A HREF="../ch45_05.htm">45.5. A File That Shows Itself... and What #! Does </A> <DT>making executable by using #: <A HREF="../ch45_04.htm">45.4. Fun with #! </A> <DT>permissions on: <A HREF="../ch44_02.htm">44.2. Writing a Simple Shell Program </A> <DT>strip command and: <A HREF="../ch24_13.htm">24.13. Save Space in Executable Files with strip </A> <DT>testing: <A HREF="../ch44_04.htm">44.4. Testing How Your System Executes Files </A></DL><DT><A NAME="execute-permission">execute permission</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch22_02.htm">22.2. Tutorial on File and Directory Permissions </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch22_19.htm">22.19. Shell Scripts Must be Readable and (Usually) Executable</A> <DT>without read permission: <A HREF="../ch22_12.htm">22.12. A Directory that People Can Access but Can't List </A></DL><DT><A NAME="execution-statistics">execution statistics, report summarizing</A>: <A HREF="../ch38_05.htm">38.5. The ps Command </A><DT><A NAME="exinit-environment-variable">EXINIT environment variable</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch06_03.htm">6.3. Predefined Environment Variables </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch06_10.htm">6.10. Running a Command with a Temporarily Different Environment </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch10_02.htm#UPT-ART-2340-SECT-1.2">10.2.2. Using More Complex Aliases </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch30_06.htm">30.6. Local Settings for vi and ex </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch30_35.htm">30.35. Out of Temporary Space? Use Another Directory </A></DL><DT><A NAME="exit-command">exit command</A>: <A HREF="../ch44_11.htm">44.11. Set Exit Status of a Shell (Script) </A><DD><DL> <DT>.cshrc file: <A HREF="../ch02_09.htm">2.9. Speeding Up Your C Shell with set prompt Test </A> <DT>effect on subshells: <A HREF="../ch38_04.htm">38.4. Subshells </A> <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch44_05.htm">44.5. Test String Values with Bourne Shell case </A> <DT>redirected loops using: <A HREF="../ch45_23.htm">45.23. The Ins and Outs of Redirected I/O Loops </A> <DT>to end scripts: <A HREF="../ch51_05.htm">51.5. Copy What You Do with script </A></DL><DT><A NAME="exit-command">exit command (awk)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_11.htm#UPT-ART-2860-SECT-1.7">33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands </A><DT><A NAME="exit-command">exit command (lpc)</A>: <A HREF="../ch43_03.htm">43.3. Printer Control with lpc </A><DT><A NAME=".2eexit-file">.exit file</A>: <A HREF="../ch14_14.htm">14.14. Automatic Setup When You Enter/Exit a Directory </A><DT><A NAME="exit-status">exit status</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_08.htm">44.8. Test Exit Status with the if Statement </A> <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_s.htm#status-variable">status variable</A>) <DT>of loops: <A HREF="../ch45_19.htm">45.19. A while Loop with Several Loop Control Commands </A> <DT>non-zero: <A HREF="../ch46_09.htm">46.9. If Command Doesn't Return a Status, Test the Error Messages</A> <DT>of background jobs: <A HREF="../ch44_07.htm">44.7. Exit Status of UNIX Processes </A> <DT>of commands in Bourne shell scripts: <A HREF="../ch44_07.htm">44.7. Exit Status of UNIX Processes </A> <DT>of pipelines: <A HREF="../ch44_07.htm">44.7. Exit Status of UNIX Processes </A> <DT>of redirected loops: <A HREF="../ch45_23.htm">45.23. The Ins and Outs of Redirected I/O Loops </A> <DT>returned by processes: <A HREF="../ch38_03.htm">38.3. Managing Processes: Overall Concepts </A> <DT>testing <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_08.htm">44.8. Test Exit Status with the if Statement </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_10.htm">44.10. Loops That Test Exit Status </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch46_09.htm">46.9. If Command Doesn't Return a Status, Test the Error Messages</A> </DL> <DT>values for expr <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_28.htm">45.28. Quick Reference: expr </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_29.htm">45.29. Testing Characters in a String with expr </A> </DL> <DT>zero <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_10.htm">44.10. Loops That Test Exit Status </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_09.htm">45.9. The Unappreciated Bourne Shell ":" Operator</A> <DT><A HREF="../ch46_09.htm">46.9. If Command Doesn't Return a Status, Test the Error Messages</A> </DL></DL><DT><A NAME=".2eexit.2ecsh-script">.exit.csh script</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME=".2eexit.2esh-script">.exit.sh script</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="exp-command">exp command (awk)</A>: <A HREF="../ch33_11.htm#UPT-ART-2860-SECT-1.7">33.11.7. Alphabetical Summary of Commands </A><DT><A NAME="expand-command">expand command</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch41_04.htm#UPT-ART-5260-SECT-1.1">41.4.1. TAB Is Just Another Character to UNIX </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A></DL><DT><A NAME="expect">Expect</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="expect-program">Expect program</A>: <A HREF="../ch09_26.htm">9.26. Expect </A><DD><DL> <DT>testing interactive programs: <A HREF="../ch09_26.htm#UPT-ART-9912-SECT-1.3">9.26.3. Testing: A Story </A></DL><DT><A NAME="expr-command">expr command</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_28.htm">45.28. Quick Reference: expr </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A> <DT>advantages <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_30.htm#UPT-ART-232-SECT-1.1">45.30.1. Matching with expr </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch49_01.htm#UPT-ART-3920">49.1. bc: Simple Math at the Shell Prompt </A> </DL> <DT>alternatives to: <A HREF="../ch45_11.htm">45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command </A> <DT>arguments <DD><DL> <DT>$*: <A HREF="../ch45_30.htm#UPT-ART-232-SECT-1.1">45.30.1. Matching with expr </A> <DT>$@: <A HREF="../ch45_30.htm#UPT-ART-232-SECT-1.1">45.30.1. Matching with expr </A> </DL> <DT>as calculator <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch49_01.htm#UPT-ART-3920">49.1. bc: Simple Math at the Shell Prompt </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch49_06.htm">49.6. Quick Arithmetic with expr </A> </DL> <DT>disadvantages: <A HREF="../ch45_30.htm#UPT-ART-232-SECT-1.1">45.30.1. Matching with expr </A> <DT>examples: <A HREF="../ch45_28.htm">45.28. Quick Reference: expr </A> <DT>exit status values <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_28.htm">45.28. Quick Reference: expr </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_29.htm">45.29. Testing Characters in a String with expr </A> </DL> <DT>jot compared to: <A HREF="../ch45_11.htm">45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command </A> <DT>listing command-line arguments: <A HREF="../ch45_30.htm#UPT-ART-232-SECT-1.1">45.30.1. Matching with expr </A> <DT>loops using: <A HREF="../ch45_11.htm">45.11. The Multipurpose jot Command </A> <DT>matching character strings: <A HREF="../ch45_30.htm#UPT-ART-232-SECT-1.1">45.30.1. Matching with expr </A> <DT>operators: <A HREF="../ch45_28.htm">45.28. Quick Reference: expr </A> <DT>syntax <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_28.htm">45.28. Quick Reference: expr </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch45_28.htm#UPT-ART-4030-SECT-1.0.1">45.28.1. Examples </A> </DL> <DT>testing character strings: <A HREF="../ch45_29.htm">45.29. Testing Characters in a String with expr </A> <DT>variables: <A HREF="../ch45_28.htm#UPT-ART-4030-SECT-1.0.1">45.28.1. Examples </A></DL><DT><A NAME="expressions">expressions</A><DD><DL> <DT>in C shell <DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch47_04.htm#UPT-ART-7650-SECT-1.2">47.4.2. Expressions </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch47_04.htm#UPT-ART-7650-SECT-1.4">47.4.4. Examples</A> </DL> <DT>conditional: <A HREF="../ch44_08.htm">44.8. Test Exit Status with the if Statement </A></DL><DT><A NAME="expressions">expressions, conditional</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch44_08.htm">44.8. Test Exit Status with the if Statement </A> <DT>(see also <A HREF="idx_i.htm#if-loops">if loops</A>; <A HREF="idx_f.htm#for-loops">for loops</A>; <A HREF="idx_f.htm#foreach-loop">foreach loop</A>; <A HREF="idx_w.htm#while-loops">while loops</A>)</DL><DT><A NAME="expunge-program">expunge program</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME="exrc-file">exrc file (on disc)</A>: <A HREF="../ch52_04.htm">52.4. Quick Descriptions of What's on the Disc </A><DT><A NAME=".2eexrc-file">.exrc file</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch04_09.htm">4.9. Setting Up vi with the .exrc File </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch30_06.htm">30.6. Local Settings for vi and ex </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch30_18.htm">30.18. Setting vi Options Automatically for Individual Files</A> <DT><A HREF="../ch31_09.htm">31.9. Good Stuff for Your .exrc File </A></DL><DT><A NAME="exstat-environment-variable">EXSTAT environment variable</A>: <A HREF="../ch30_20.htm">30.20. Multiple Editor Setup Files; Starting with a Search </A><DT><A NAME="exta">exta, extb rates</A>: <A HREF="../ch41_02.htm#UPT-ART-1140-SECT-1.1">41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?) </A><DT><A NAME="extended-regular-expressions">extended regular expressions</A>: <A HREF="../ch26_04.htm#UPT-ART-427-SECT-1.11">26.4.11. Extended Regular Expressions </A><DT><A NAME="extensions">extensions, filename</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch01_17.htm">1.17. Filename Extensions </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch04_06.htm">4.6. Naming Files </A></DL><DT><A NAME=".22external-control.22-rates">"external control" rates</A>: <A HREF="../ch41_02.htm#UPT-ART-1140-SECT-1.1">41.2.1. How We Made It This Far (Back?) </A><DT><A NAME="external-commands">external commands</A><DD><DL> <DT><A HREF="../ch01_10.htm">1.10. Internal and External Commands </A> <DT><A HREF="../ch07_04.htm">7.4. Faster Prompt Setting with Built-Ins </A> <DT>executing: <A HREF="../ch01_11.htm">1.11. How the Shell Executes Other Commands </A> <DT>setting variables with: <A HREF="../ch07_12.htm">7.12. External Commands Send Signals to Set Variables </A></DL><DT><A NAME="extractres-program">extractres program</A>: <A HREF="../ch43_24.htm">43.24. 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