📄 ch04_07.htm
字号:
<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 4] 4.7 Make More Directories! </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:32:43Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch04_01.htm"TITLE="4. Organizing Your Home Directory"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch04_06.htm"TITLE="4.6 Naming Files "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch04_08.htm"TITLE="4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_06.htm"TITLE="4.6 Naming Files "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 4.6 Naming Files "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 4<BR>Organizing Your Home Directory</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_08.htm"TITLE="4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-1050">4.7 Make More Directories! </A></H2><PCLASS="para">Creating many directories has several advantages:<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4481"></A></P><ULCLASS="itemizedlist"><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">First, it is easier to find any particular file if your home directoryis well-sorted. Imagine a rack of filing cabinets that isn'tsorted; people just insert files wherever they fit. You may as wellthrow your data out; when you need something, you'll never be able tofind it.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Second, UNIX can access files much faster when directories arerelatively small. Ideally, directories should have at most 60 (or so)files in them.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Third, directories are an important part of<SPANCLASS="link">UNIX file protection (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch22_01.htm#UPT-ART-5010"TITLE="Introduction to File Ownership and Security ">22.1</A>)</SPAN>.You can use directories to help protect certain files against access byothers.</P></LI></UL><PCLASS="para">Make directories liberally! Make a new directory for every newproject you start; make subdirectories within these directories forsubtopics. Your home directory should ideally contain<EMCLASS="emphasis">nothing</EM> but subdirectories. Here are some recommended conventions:</P><ULCLASS="itemizedlist"><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">If you're a programmer, create a new directory for each project.For example, create a directory called <EMCLASS="emphasis">src</EM> for sourcefiles, a directory called <EMCLASS="emphasis">doc</EM> or <EMCLASS="emphasis">man</EM> for documentation, adirectory called <EMCLASS="emphasis">obj</EM> for object files, a directory called<EMCLASS="emphasis">rel</EM> for the current working version (or almost-working version)of the program, a directory called <EMCLASS="emphasis">test</EM> for test files andresults, and so on. If the program is large, your <EMCLASS="emphasis">src</EM> directory(and your <EMCLASS="emphasis">obj</EM> directory) should also be split into differentsubdirectories, each containing different parts of the project.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4507"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4509"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-4512"></A>It's a good idea to put all personal files (as opposed to workfiles) in a directory that can be protected against snoopers.See article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch04_05.htm"TITLE="Private (Personal) Directories ">4.5</A>.</P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Many users save all of their<SPANCLASS="link">mail (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch01_33.htm"TITLE="UNIX Networking and Communications ">1.33</A>)</SPAN>in one directory (often called<EMCLASS="emphasis">Mail</EM>), which is then divided into subdirectories by topic. Iuse a variation of this scheme; I keep general mail in my <EMCLASS="emphasis">Mail</EM>directory, but I save correspondence about particular projects with the project itself. For example, my Power Tools mail isshelved with the source code for this article.</P></LI></UL><PCLASS="para">Article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch04_08.htm"TITLE="Making Directories Made Easier ">4.8</A>shows some quick ways to make directories.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">ML</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_06.htm"TITLE="4.6 Naming Files "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 4.6 Naming Files "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch04_08.htm"TITLE="4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 4.8 Making Directories Made Easier "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">4.6 Naming Files </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">4.8 Making Directories Made Easier </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码
Ctrl + C
搜索代码
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切换主题
Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键
?
增大字号
Ctrl + =
减小字号
Ctrl + -