ch48_10.htm

the unix power tools

    # loop to read the record_template
    # field_inc = the number of fields  
    # fields[] = an array of labels indexed by position

    field_inc=0

    while ((getline < record_template) > 0) {
        ++field_inc
        fields[field_inc] = $1
    }
    field_tot=field_inc
}

# Now we are reading the records
# Print filename for each new record
FNR == 1 { 
    field_inc=0
    print "\n" FILENAME ":"
}
{ 

    # Print the field's position, label and value  
    # The last field can have any number of lines without a label.

    if (++field_inc <= field_tot){
        if (field_inc >= 10)
            space = ". "
        else
            space = ".  "

        print field_inc space fields[field_inc] ":\t" $NF 
}
else
    print $NF 
}' $*</PRE
></BLOCKQUOTE
></P
><P
CLASS="para"
>Note that the program is not
doing any input validation. If the record is missing
a Division name (and you didn't leave the fourth line
blank), whatever is on line&nbsp;4 will match up with Division,
even if it's really a street address.
One of the uses of <EM
CLASS="emphasis"
>read.base</EM
> is simply to verify
that what you entered in the file is correct.</P
><P
CLASS="para"
>If you specify more than one record, then you will
get all of those records output in the order that
you specified them on the command line.</P
><P
CLASS="para"
><A
CLASS="indexterm"
NAME="AUTOID-58267"
></A
>The second program is <EM
CLASS="emphasis"
>mail.base</EM
>.
It extracts
mailing label information.</P
><P
CLASS="para"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="screen"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>% <CODE
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>mail.base pmui</B
></CODE
>

Peter Mui
International Sales Manager
O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc.
East Coast Division
90 Sherman Street
Cambridge, MA 01240</PRE
></BLOCKQUOTE
></P
><P
CLASS="para"
>If you supply a <EM
CLASS="emphasis"
>record-list</EM
>, then you will get a list
of mailing labels. </P
><P
CLASS="para"
>Here is the <EM
CLASS="emphasis"
>mail.base</EM
> program:</P
><P
CLASS="para"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="screen"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>nawk 'BEGIN { FS=&quot;\n&quot;; 

    # test that user supplies a record
    if (ARGC &lt; 2) {

        print &quot;Please supply record list on command line&quot;
        exit 
    }
}

# ignore blank lines
/^$/ { next }

# this is hard-coded to record format;
# print first 5 fields and then print
# city, state zip on one line.
{ 
    if (FNR &lt; 6)
        print $0 
    else
        if (FNR == 6)
            printf $0 &quot;, &quot;
        else if (FNR == 7)
            printf $0
        else if (FNR == 8)
            printf &quot; &quot; $0 &quot;\n\n&quot;
}' $*</PRE
></BLOCKQUOTE
></P
><P
CLASS="para"
>Variations on this very simple program can be written to extract or 
compile other pieces of information. You could also output
formatting codes used when printing the labels.</P
><P
CLASS="para"
><A
CLASS="indexterm"
NAME="AUTOID-58281"
></A
>The last program is <EM
CLASS="emphasis"
>list.base</EM
>.
It prepares a tabular
list of names and records and allows you to select a
particular record.</P
><P
CLASS="para"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="screen"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>% <CODE
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>list.base lwalsh pmui jberlin</B
></CODE
>

  # NAME &amp; COMPANY                           FILE           
 1. Linda Walsh, O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc. lwalsh         
 2. Peter Mui, O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc.   pmui        
 3. Jill Berlin, O'Reilly &amp; Associates, Inc. jberlin        
Select a record by number: 2</PRE
></BLOCKQUOTE
></P
><P
CLASS="para"
>When you select the record number, that
record is displayed by using <EM
CLASS="emphasis"
>read.base</EM
>. I have not built in any
paging capability, so the list will scroll continuously
rather than pause after 24 lines or so as it might.</P
><P
CLASS="para"
>Here is the <EM
CLASS="emphasis"
>list.base</EM
> program:</P
><P
CLASS="para"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="screen"
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>nawk 'BEGIN { 
    # Do everything as BEGIN procedure

    # test that user supplied record-list

    if (ARGC &lt; 2) {
        print &quot;Please supply record list on command line&quot;
        exit 
    }

    # Define report format string in one place.
    FMTSTR = &quot;%3s %-40s %-15s\n&quot;

    # print report header

    printf(FMTSTR, &quot;#&quot;,&quot;NAME &amp; COMPANY&quot;, &quot;FILE&quot;) 

    # For each record, get Name, Title and Company and print it.
    inc=0
    for (x=1; x &lt; ARGC; x++){
        getline NAME &lt; ARGV[x]
        getline TITLE &lt; ARGV[x]
        getline COMPANY &lt; ARGV[x]
        record_list[x] = ARGV[x]
        printf(FMTSTR, ++inc &quot;.&quot;, NAME &quot;, &quot;  COMPANY, ARGV[x]) 
    }

    # Prompt user to select a record by number

    printf &quot;Select a record by number:&quot;
    getline answer &lt; &quot;-&quot;

    # Call read.base program to display the selected record

    system(&quot;read.base &quot; record_list[answer])
}

' $*</PRE
></BLOCKQUOTE
></P
><P
CLASS="para"
>&#13;Different versions of this program can be written to examine
individual pieces of information across a set of records.</P
><P
CLASS="para"
>Article
<A
CLASS="xref"
HREF="ch45_22.htm"
TITLE="Handling Files Line-by-Line "
>45.22</A
>
shows how to write a shell script that creates a prompt-driven front
end to collect names and addresses.
(It needs to be modified to put out a blank line for empty fields
and not to write the labels into the file.)<A
CLASS="indexterm"
NAME="AUTOID-58296"
></A
><A
CLASS="indexterm"
NAME="AUTOID-58297"
></A
><A
CLASS="indexterm"
NAME="AUTOID-58298"
></A
></P
><DIV
CLASS="sect1info"
><P
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>DD</SPAN
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