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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 43] 43.8 Fixing Margins with pr and fold </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-10-23T15:51:48Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch43_01.htm"TITLE="43. Printing"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch43_07.htm"TITLE="43.7 Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch43_09.htm"TITLE="43.9 Indenting Text for Printing "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch43_07.htm"TITLE="43.7 Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 43.7 Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 43<BR>Printing</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch43_09.htm"TITLE="43.9 Indenting Text for Printing "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 43.9 Indenting Text for Printing "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-2410">43.8 Fixing Margins with pr and fold </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-47940"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-47943"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-47945"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-47948"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-47951"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-47954"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-47957"></A>The System V version of<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">pr</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch43_07.htm"TITLE="Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing ">43.7</A>)</SPAN>has a <EMCLASS="emphasis">-F</EM> option for folding lines that are too wide for theoutput page: the printer won't truncate them.If you print lots of random data and stuff that may have long linesand your <EMCLASS="emphasis">pr</EM> doesn't have <EMCLASS="emphasis">-F</EM>, try the <EMCLASS="emphasis">fold</EM> commandinstead.</P><PCLASS="para"><EMCLASS="emphasis">fold</EM> arbitrarily breaks lines that are too long, by default at80 columns. Use -<EMCLASS="emphasis">width</EM> where <EMCLASS="emphasis">width</EM> is the desiredcolumn to fold at for some other breaking point.</P><PCLASS="para">I made an<SPANCLASS="link">alias (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch10_02.htm"TITLE="Aliases for Common Commands ">10.2</A>)</SPAN>and<SPANCLASS="link">shell function (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch10_09.htm"TITLE="Shell Functions ">10.9</A>)</SPAN>called <EMCLASS="emphasis">prF</EM> to do that.It prints a single file and puts the filename in the <EMCLASS="emphasis">pr</EM> heading(usually, if you pipe to <EMCLASS="emphasis">pr</EM>, it won't know the filename).You might want to add <CODECLASS="literal">|</CODE> <CODECLASS="literal"> lpr</CODE> onto the end of this, too:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen"> alias prF 'fold \!^ | pr -h "\!^"'</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><TABLECLASS="para.programreference"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="csh_init">csh_init</A><BR><ACLASS="programreference"HREF="examples/index.htm"TITLE="sh_init">sh_init</A><BR></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP">A good way to see which lines are folded is with line numbering.<EMCLASS="emphasis">pr</EM> versions without <EMCLASS="emphasis">-F</EM> usually don't have <EMCLASS="emphasis">-n</EM> either.You can add it to your alias with<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">cat -n</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch25_21.htm"TITLE="Numbering Lines ">25.21</A>)</SPAN>.The lines will be numbered before they're folded: </TD></TR></TABLE><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">alias prnF 'cat -n \!^ | fold | pr -h "\!^"'</PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">To shorten lines by folding them after a word near the right-hand end(instead of at some particluar column), try<SPANCLASS="link"><EMCLASS="emphasis">fmt</EM> (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch35_02.htm"TITLE="Neatening Text with fmt ">35.2</A>)</SPAN>.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">JP</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch43_07.htm"TITLE="43.7 Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 43.7 Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch43_09.htm"TITLE="43.9 Indenting Text for Printing "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 43.9 Indenting Text for Printing "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">43.7 Quick-and-Dirty Formatting Before Printing </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">43.9 Indenting Text for Printing </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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