uuid.java

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/*
 * @(#)UUID.java    1.14 04/07/12
 *
 * Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 */
package org.flexdock.util;

import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;

/**
 * 
 * A class that represents an immutable universally unique identifier (UUID). 
 * A UUID represents a 128-bit value.
 *
 * <p>There exist different variants of these global identifiers. The methods
 * of this class are for manipulating the Leach-Salz variant, although the
 * constructors allow the creation of any variant of UUID (described below).
 * 
 * <p>The layout of a variant 2 (Leach-Salz) UUID is as follows:
 *
 * The most significant long consists of the following unsigned fields:
 * <pre>
 * 0xFFFFFFFF00000000 time_low
 * 0x00000000FFFF0000 time_mid
 * 0x000000000000F000 version
 * 0x0000000000000FFF time_hi
 * </pre>
 * The least significant long consists of the following unsigned fields:
 * <pre>
 * 0xC000000000000000 variant
 * 0x3FFF000000000000 clock_seq
 * 0x0000FFFFFFFFFFFF node
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>The variant field contains a value which identifies the layout of
 * the <tt>UUID</tt>. The bit layout described above is valid only for
 * a <tt>UUID</tt> with a variant value of 2, which indicates the
 * Leach-Salz variant.
 *
 * <p>The version field holds a value that describes the type of this
 * <tt>UUID</tt>. There are four different basic types of UUIDs: time-based,
 * DCE security, name-based, and randomly generated UUIDs. These types
 * have a version value of 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.
 * 
 * <p>For more information including algorithms used to create <tt>UUID</tt>s,
 * see the Internet-Draft <a href="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-mealling-uuid-urn-03.txt">UUIDs and GUIDs</a>
 * or the standards body definition at
 * <a href="http://www.iso.ch/cate/d2229.html">ISO/IEC 11578:1996</a>.
 *
 * @version 1.14, 07/12/04
 * @since   1.5
 */
public final class UUID implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable {

    /**
     * Explicit serialVersionUID for interoperability.
     */
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -4856846361193249489L;

    /*
     * The most significant 64 bits of this UUID.
     *
     * @serial
     */
    private final long mostSigBits;

    /*
     * The least significant 64 bits of this UUID.
     *
     * @serial
     */
    private final long leastSigBits;

    /*
     * The version number associated with this UUID. Computed on demand.
     */
    private transient int version = -1;

    /*
     * The variant number associated with this UUID. Computed on demand.
     */
    private transient int variant = -1;

    /*
     * The timestamp associated with this UUID. Computed on demand.
     */
    private transient volatile long timestamp = -1;

    /*
     * The clock sequence associated with this UUID. Computed on demand.
     */
    private transient int sequence = -1;

    /*
     * The node number associated with this UUID. Computed on demand.
     */
    private transient long node = -1;

    /*
     * The hashcode of this UUID. Computed on demand.
     */
    private transient int hashCode = -1;

    /*
     * The random number generator used by this class to create random
     * based UUIDs.
     */
    private static volatile SecureRandom numberGenerator = null;

    // Constructors and Factories

    /*
     * Private constructor which uses a byte array to construct the new UUID.
     */
    private UUID(byte[] data) {
        long msb = 0;
        long lsb = 0;
        //assert data.length == 16;
        for (int i=0; i<8; i++)
            msb = (msb << 8) | (data[i] & 0xff);
        for (int i=8; i<16; i++)
            lsb = (lsb << 8) | (data[i] & 0xff);
        this.mostSigBits = msb;
        this.leastSigBits = lsb;
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new <tt>UUID</tt> using the specified data.
     * <tt>mostSigBits</tt> is used for the most significant 64 bits
     * of the <tt>UUID</tt> and <tt>leastSigBits</tt> becomes the
     * least significant 64 bits of the <tt>UUID</tt>.
     *
     * @param  mostSigBits
     * @param  leastSigBits
     */
    public UUID(long mostSigBits, long leastSigBits) {
        this.mostSigBits = mostSigBits;
        this.leastSigBits = leastSigBits;
    }

    /**
     * Static factory to retrieve a type 4 (pseudo randomly generated) UUID.
     *
     * The <code>UUID</code> is generated using a cryptographically strong
     * pseudo random number generator.
     *
     * @return  a randomly generated <tt>UUID</tt>.
     */
    public static UUID randomUUID() {
        SecureRandom ng = numberGenerator;
        if (ng == null) {
            numberGenerator = ng = new SecureRandom();
        }

        byte[] randomBytes = new byte[16];
        ng.nextBytes(randomBytes);
        randomBytes[6]  &= 0x0f;  /* clear version        */
        randomBytes[6]  |= 0x40;  /* set to version 4     */
        randomBytes[8]  &= 0x3f;  /* clear variant        */
        randomBytes[8]  |= 0x80;  /* set to IETF variant  */
        UUID result = new UUID(randomBytes);
        return new UUID(randomBytes);
    }

    /**
     * Static factory to retrieve a type 3 (name based) <tt>UUID</tt> based on
     * the specified byte array.
     *
     * @param  name a byte array to be used to construct a <tt>UUID</tt>.
     * @return  a <tt>UUID</tt> generated from the specified array.
     */
    public static UUID nameUUIDFromBytes(byte[] name) {
        MessageDigest md;
        try {
            md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) {
            throw new InternalError("MD5 not supported");
        }
        byte[] md5Bytes = md.digest(name);
        md5Bytes[6]  &= 0x0f;  /* clear version        */
        md5Bytes[6]  |= 0x30;  /* set to version 3     */
        md5Bytes[8]  &= 0x3f;  /* clear variant        */
        md5Bytes[8]  |= 0x80;  /* set to IETF variant  */
        return new UUID(md5Bytes);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a <tt>UUID</tt> from the string standard representation as
     * described in the {@link #toString} method.
     *
     * @param  name a string that specifies a <tt>UUID</tt>.
     * @return  a <tt>UUID</tt> with the specified value.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if name does not conform to the
     *         string representation as described in {@link #toString}.
     */
    public static UUID fromString(String name) {
        String[] components = name.split("-");
        if (components.length != 5)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid UUID string: "+name);
        for (int i=0; i<5; i++)
            components[i] = "0x"+components[i];

        long mostSigBits = Long.decode(components[0]).longValue();
        mostSigBits <<= 16;
        mostSigBits |= Long.decode(components[1]).longValue();
        mostSigBits <<= 16;
        mostSigBits |= Long.decode(components[2]).longValue();

        long leastSigBits = Long.decode(components[3]).longValue();
        leastSigBits <<= 48;
        leastSigBits |= Long.decode(components[4]).longValue();

        return new UUID(mostSigBits, leastSigBits);
    }

    // Field Accessor Methods

    /**
     * Returns the least significant 64 bits of this UUID's 128 bit value.
     *
     * @return the least significant 64 bits of this UUID's 128 bit value.
     */
    public long getLeastSignificantBits() {
        return leastSigBits;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the most significant 64 bits of this UUID's 128 bit value.
     *
     * @return the most significant 64 bits of this UUID's 128 bit value.
     */
    public long getMostSignificantBits() {
        return mostSigBits;
    }

    /**
     * The version number associated with this <tt>UUID</tt>. The version 
     * number describes how this <tt>UUID</tt> was generated.
     *
     * The version number has the following meaning:<p>
     * <ul>