p5.txt

ti－idf算法

malice n.恶意,怨恨
bereavement n.丧亲,丧友
blunder n. (因无知粗心等造成的)错误 vi.1.跌跌撞撞地走 2.犯错误
[联想词]
stagger vi.摇晃,蹒跚 vt. 1.使吃惊 2.使错开 
stumble vi. 1.绊脚,绊倒 2.跌跌撞撞地走 3.结结巴巴
tumble vi. 1.跌倒,摔下 2.翻滚 3.不由自主的卷入 4.(价格等)暴跌
 
Unit Ten
The Olympic Games
　　 In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival held every four years in honour of Zeus, king of the Olympic Gods, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been abolished, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic games go, but some official records date from 776 B.C..
　　The games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece. The exact sequence
of events is uncertain, but events included boy's gymnastics, boxing, wrestling, horse racing and field events, though there were fewer sports involved than in the modern Olympic Games.
　　On the last day of the Games, all the winners were honoured by having a ring of holy olive leaves placed on their heads. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities.
　　After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were suspended by the Romans in 394 A.D.. They continued for such a long time because people believed in the philosophy behind the Olympics: the idea that a healthy body produced a  healthy mind, and that he spirit of competition in sports and games was preferable to the competition that caused wars. It was over 1,500 years before another such international athletic gathering took place in Athens in 1896.
　　Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. The host country provides vast facilities, including a stadium, swimming pools and living accommodation, but competing countries pay their own athletes' expenses.
　　The Olympics start with the arrival in the stadium of a torch, lighted on Mount OLympus by the sun's rays. It is carried by a succession of runners to the stadium. The torch symbolized the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony. The well-known Olympic flag, however, is a modern conception: the five interlocking rings symbolize the uniting of all five continents participating in the Games.
character n. 1.性格,品质,品德 2.特性,特色 3.人物,角色 4.符号,汉字
characteristic a. 特有的,典型的 n.特性,特征
[联想词]
trait n. 特征,特点,特性 
abolish vt. 彻底废除,废止
[联想词]
erase vt. 1.擦掉,抹掉 2.清除
extinguish vt. 1.熄灭,扑灭 2.使消亡,使破灭
terminate v.停止,终止
revive vt. 使复苏 vi.恢复
spectator n.观众,旁观者
gymnastics n. 1.体操 2.训练 3.技巧,绝技
wrestle vt. 1.摔跤 2.使劲搬运 vi. 1.摔跤 2.使劲搬运 3.努力解决
olive n. 橄榄,橄榄树
authority n. 1.权力,管辖权2.官方,当局 3.当权者,行政管理机构 4.权威,专家
authoritative a. 1.权威性的,可信的 2.专断的,命令式的
authorize vt.授权,批准
arrogant a.傲慢的,自大的
authentic a. 1.真的,真正的 2.可信的,可靠的
suspend vt. 1.暂停,中止 2.悬挂,吊
suspension n. 1.暂停,中止 2.暂令停止参加 3.悬置机构 4.悬浮液 5.悬,挂,吊
succession n. 1.连续,接续 2.一连串,一系列 3.接替,继任
successor n.接替的人,继任者
[联想词]
serial n. 连续剧,连载故事 a.连续的
acccommodate vt. 1.容纳 2.向...提供住处 3.使适应,顺应
accommodation n.住处,膳宿
symbolize vt. 1.象征,标志 2.用符号代表
symbol n. 1.象征,标志2.符号
[联想词]
token n.1.标志,信物,纪念品 2.代价券
badge n. 1.徽章,证章 2.标记,标识 3.象征
conception n. 1.思想,观念,概念 2.构想,设想 3.怀孕
 
UNIT ELEVEN
A Tree of Knowledge 
　 There was a particular tree of which we were not to partake, a tree of knowledge. Knowledge and understanding and wisdom were forbidden to us in this story. We were to be kept ignorant. But we couldn't help ourselves. We were starving for knowledge --created hunger, you might say. This was the origin of all our troubles. In particular, it is why we no longer live in a garden: We found out too much. So long as we were incurious and obedient, I imagine, we could console ourselves with our importance and centrality, and tell ourselves that we were the reason the Universe was made. As we began to indulge our curiosity, though, to explore, to learn how the Universe really is, we expelled ourselves from Eden. Angels with a flaming sword were set as sentries at the gates of Paradise to bar our return. The gardeners became exiles and wanderers. Occasionally we mourn that lost world, but that, it seems to me, is sentimental. We could not happily have remained ignorant forever... The significance of our lives and our fragile planet is then determined only by our own wisdom and courage. We long for a Parent to care for us, to forgive us our errors, to save us from our childish mistakes. But knowledge is preferable to ignorance. Better by far to embrace the hard truth than a reassuring fable. If we crave some cosmic purpose, then lit us find ourselves a worthy goal. On behalf of Earthlife, I urge that, with full knowledge of our limitations, we vastly increase our knowledge of the solar system and then begin to settle other worlds.


partake vi. 1.参加,参与 2.共享,分享
obedient a. 服从的,顺从的
[联想词]	subordinate a. 1.下级的,级别低的 2. 次要的,从属的 n.部属,下级 vt.使处于次要地位,使从属于
console vt. 安慰,慰问 n.控制台,操纵台
[联想词]	aggravate vt. 1.加剧,加重,使恶化 2.激怒,使恼火
indulge vt. 1.使沉溺于 2.纵容,迁就 vi.沉溺,纵容自己
[联想词]	cater vi. 1.满足需要 2.提供饮食及服务
	appease vt.平息,抚慰,姑息
expel (expelled;expelling) vt.1.把...除名,把...开除 2.驱逐,放逐 3.排出,喷出
[联想词]	eject vt. 1.驱逐 2.喷射,排出 3.弹出
sentry n. 哨兵,警卫
[联想词]	guardian n. 1.监护人 2.守卫者,保护者
	escort n. 护卫者,护送者 vt.护送,护卫
	patrol v. 巡逻 n. 1.巡逻 2.巡逻兵
paradise n. 天堂,乐园
exile n. 1.流放,放逐,流亡 2.被放逐者 vt.流放,放逐,使流亡
[联想词]	deport vt. 把...驱逐出境
	refuge n. 庇护所,庇护
mourn v. 1.哀悼 2.(对...)感到痛心
sentiment n. 1.意见,观点 2.感情,情绪
fragile a. 1.易碎的,脆的 2.虚弱的,脆弱的
[联想词]	feeble a. 虚弱的,衰弱的
fable n. 1.寓言 2.神话传说
crave vt. 1.渴望得到 2.恳求,请求
cosmic a. 1.宇宙的 2.无比巨大的,无穷尽的
 
UNIT TWELVE
Glories of the Storm 
　 The rain now becomes a torrent, flung by a rising wind. Together they batter the trees and level the grasses. Water streams off roofs. It pounds against the windows in such a steady wash that I am sightless. There is only water. How can so much fall so fast? How could the clouds have supported this vast weight? How can the earth endure beneath it?
　Pacing through the house from window to window, I am moved to open-mouthed wonder. Look how the lilac bends under the assault, how the day lilies are flattened, how the hillside steps are new-made waterfall! Now hailstones thump upon the roof. They bounce white against the grass and splash into the puddles. Think of the vegetable garden, the fruit trees, the crops in the fields; but, thankfully, the hailstones are not enough in numbers or size to do real damage. Not this time.
　For this storm is already beginning to pass. The tension is released from the atmosphere, the curtains of rain let in more light. The storm has spent most of its energy, and what is left will be expended on the countryside to the east.
　I am drawn outside while the rain still falls. All around, there is a cool and welcome feeling. I breathe deeply and watch the sun's rays streak through breaking clouds. One ray catches the drops that form on the edge of the roof, and I am treated to a row of tiny, quivering colors -- my private rainbow.
　I pick my way through the wet grass, my feet sinking into the saturated soil. The creek in the gully runs bank full of brown water.but the small lakes and puddles are already disappearing into the earth. Every leaf, brick, tile and blade of grass is fresh-washed and shining.
　 Like the land, I am renewed, my spirit cleansed. I feel an infinite peace. For a time I have forgotten the worries and irritations I was nurturing before. They have been washed away by the glories of the storm.


torrent n. 1.奔流,激流,洪流 2.爆发,迸发 
fling vt. 1.(用力地)扔,掷,丢 2.(oneself)使投身 n.一时的放纵
[联想词]	hurl vt. 1.猛投,力掷 2.大声叫骂
batter v. 连续猛击 n.面糊
endure vt. 忍受,容忍 vi. 1.忍受,忍耐 2.持久,持续
endurance n.忍耐力
lilac n.丁香,丁香花
[联想词]	lily n.百合,百合花
assault n.攻击,袭击 vt.攻击,袭击
hail n. 1.雹 2.一阵 vi.下雹 vt. 1.招呼,高呼 2.热情赞扬,为...喝彩
hailstone n.雹块
thump vt. 重击 vi.心怦怦直跳
puddle n. (雨)水坑,泥潭
[联想词]	paddle n. 1.桨,短桨 2.涉水 vi.划桨前进,荡桨 vt.1.用桨划(船) 2.用木板打	pedal n.踏板,踏脚 vt.脚蹬
splash v.溅,泼 n.1.溅泼声 2.溅出的水 3.斑点
expend vt.花费,消费,消耗
[联想词]	expenditure n. 1.经费,费用 2.花费,支出,消耗
streak n. 1.条纹,条痕 2.个性特征 3.一阵子 vi.飞跑,疾驶 vt.在...上加条纹
quiver n.颤抖,抖动,颤声 vi.颤抖,发抖,抖动
[联想词]	jerk vt.猛拉 vi.猝然一动 n.急摧,急拉
saturate vt. 1.浸透,渗透 2.使充满 3.使饱享
[联想词]	immerse vt. 1.使浸没 2.使沉浸在,使专心于
creek n. 1.小湾,小港 2.小河,溪
[联想词]	inlet n.1.水湾,小湾 2.进口,入口
tile n.瓦,瓷砖 vt.铺瓦于,贴瓷砖于
cleanse vt.使清洁,使纯洁,清洗
clearance n. 1.清除,清理 2.清仓,出空 3.许可(证),批准
nurture vt. 养育,培育,滋养 n.养育,培养
[联想词]	nourish vt 1.养育,喂养 2.怀有(希望等)
	foster vt. 1.收养,养育 2.培养,促进
	nurtition n.营养
 
UNIT THIRTEEN
Techniques Used for Training Elephants 
　　Two main techniques have been used for training elephants, which we may call respectively the tough and the gentle. The former method simply consists of setting an elephant to work and beating him until he does what is expected of him. Apart from any moral considerations this is a stupid method of training, for it produces a resentful animal who at a later stage may well turn man-killer. The gentle method requires more patience in the early stages, but produces a cheerful, good-tempered elephant who will give many years of loyal service. 
　　The first essential in elephant training is to assign to the animal a single mahout who will be entirely responsible for the job. Elephants like to have one master just as dogs do, and are capable of a considerable degree of personal affection. There are even stories of half-trained elephant calves who have refused to feed and pined to death when by some unavoidable circumstance they have been deprived of their own trainer. Such extreme cases must probably be taken with a grain of salt, but they do underline the general principle that the relationship between elephant and mahout is the key to successful training. 
　　The most economical age to capture an elephant for training is between fifteen and twenty years, for it is then almost ready to undertake heavy work and can begin to earn its keep straight away. But animals of this age do not easily become subservient to man, and a very firm hand must be employed in the early stages. The captive elephant, still roped to a tree,plunges and screams every time a man approaches, and for several days will probably refuse all food through anger and fear. Sometimes a tame elephant is tethered nearby to give the wild one confidence, and in most cases the captive gradually quietens down and begins to accept its food. The next stage is to get the elephant to the training establishment, an intricate business which is achieved with the aid of two tame elephants roped to the captive on either side. 
　　When several elephants are being trained at one time it is customary for the new arrival to be placed between the stalls of two captives whose training is already well advanced. It is then left completely undisturbed with plenty of food and water so that it can absorb the atmosphere of its new home and see that nothing particularly alarming is happening to its companions. When it is eating normally its own training begins. The trainer stands in front of the elephant holding a long stick with a sharp metal point. Two assistants, mounted or tame elephants, control the captive from either side, while others rub their hands over his skin to the accompaniment of a monotonous and soothing chant. This if supposed to induce pleasurable sensations in the elephant, and its effects are reinforced by the use of endearing epithets, such as 'ho ! my son', or 'ho ! my father', or 'my mother', according to the age and sex of the captive. The elephant is not immediately susceptible to such blandishments, however, and usually lashes fiercely with its trunk in all directions. These movements are controlled by the trainer with the metal-pointed stick, and the trunk eventually becomes so sore that the elephant curls it up and seldom afterwards uses it for offensive purposes.
temper n. 1.脾气,情绪 2.韧度
[联想词]	temperament n.气质,性格
calf n.牛犊
deprive vt.剥夺,使丧失
subservient a.1.屈从的 2.有利的,有益的
captive a.被俘虏的 n.俘虏