motion.txt

MSYS在windows下模拟了一个类unix的终端

Lowercase marks 'a to 'z are remembered as long as the file remains in the
buffer list.  If you remove the file from the buffer list, all its marks are
lost.  If you delete a line that contains a mark, that mark is erased.
Lowercase marks can be used in combination with operators.  For example: "d't"
deletes the lines from the cursor position to mark 't'.  Hint: Use mark 't' for
Top, 'b' for Bottom, etc..  Lowercase marks are restored when using undo and
redo.

Uppercase marks 'A to 'Z include the file name.  {Vi: no uppercase marks} You
can use them to jump from file to file.  You can only use an uppercase mark
with an operator if the mark is in the current file.  The line number of the
mark remains correct, even if you insert/delete lines or edit another file for
a moment.  When the 'viminfo' option is not empty, uppercase marks are kept in
the .viminfo file.  See |viminfo-file-marks|.

Numbered marks '0 to '9 are quite different.  They can not be set directly.
They are only present when using a viminfo file |viminfo-file|.  Basically '0
is the location of the cursor when you last exited Vim, '1 the last but one
time, etc.  See |viminfo-file-marks|.

							*'[*
'[			To the first non-blank character on the first line
			of the previously operated, inserted or put text.
			{not in Vi}

							*`[*
`[			To the first character of the previously operated,
			inserted or put text.  {not in Vi}

							*']*
']			To the first non-blank character on the last line of
			the previously operated, inserted  or put text.
			{not in Vi}

							*`]*
`]			To the last character of the previously operated,
			inserted or put text. {not in Vi}

After executing an operator the Cursor is put at the beginning of the text
that was operated upon.  After a put command ("p" or "P") the cursor is
sometimes placed at the first inserted line and sometimes on the last inserted
character.  The four commands above put the cursor at either end.  Example:
After yanking 10 lines you want to go to the last one of them: "10Y']".  After
inserting several lines with the "p" command you want to jump to the lowest
inserted line: "p']".  This also works for text that has been inserted.

Note: After deleting text, the start and end positions are the same, except
when using blockwise Visual mode.  These commands do not work when no
operator, file-read or put command has been used yet in the current file.

							*'<*
'<			To the first non-blank character on the first line
			of the last selected Visual area in the current
			buffer.  {not in Vi}.

							*`<*
`<			To the first character of the last selected Visual
			area in the current buffer.  {not in Vi}.

							*'>*
'>			To the first non-blank character on the last line
			of the last selected Visual area in the current
			buffer.  {not in Vi}.

							*`>*
`>			To the last character of the last selected Visual
			area in the current buffer.  {not in Vi}.

							*''*
''			To the first non-blank character of the line where
			the cursor was before the latest jump, or where the
			last "m'" or "m`" command was given (linewise).

							*``*
``			To the position before latest jump, or where the last
			"m'" or "m`" command was given (exclusive).
			Also see |restore-position|.

							*'quote*
'"			To the first non-blank character of the line where
			the cursor was the last time the current buffer was
			exited (linewise).  Defaults to the first line.
			See |last-position-jump| for how to use this for each
			opened file.  {not in Vi}.

							*`quote*
`"			To the cursor position when last exiting the current
			buffer (exclusive).  Defaults to the first character
			of the first line.  {not in Vi}.

A "jump" is one of the following commands: "'", "`", "G", "/", "?", "n",
"N", "%", "(", ")", "[[", "]]", "{", "}", ":s", ":tag", "L", "M", "H" and
the commands that start editing a new file.  If you make the cursor "jump"
with one of these commands, the position of the cursor before the jump is
remembered.  You can return to that position with the "''" and "``" command,
unless the line containing that position was changed or deleted.

							*CTRL-O*
CTRL-O			Go to [count] Older cursor position in jump list
			(not a motion command).  {not in Vi}

<Tab>		or					*CTRL-I* *<Tab>*
CTRL-I			Go to [count] newer cursor position in jump list
			(not a motion command).  {not in Vi}

							*:ju* *:jumps*
:ju[mps]		Print the jump list (not a motion command).  {not in
			Vi}

							*jumplist*
Jumps are remembered in a jump list.  With the CTRL-O and CTRL-I command you
can go to cursor positions before older jumps, and back again.  Thus you can
move up and down the list.  There is a separate jump list for each window.
The maximum number of entries is fixed at 50.

For example, after three jump commands you have this jump list:

  jump line  file/line
    3	  1  some text
    2	 70  another line
    1  1154  end.
 >

The "file/line" column shows the file name, or the text at the jump if it is
in the current file (an indent is removed and a long line is truncated to fit
in the window).

You are currently in line 1167.  If you then use the CTRL-O command, the
cursor is put in line 1154.  This results in:

  jump line  file/line
    2	  1  some text
    1	 70  another line
 >  0  1154  end.
    1  1167  foo bar

The pointer will be set at the last used jump position.  The next CTRL-O
command will use the entry above it, the next CTRL-I command will use the
entry below it.  If the pointer is below the last entry, this indicates that
you did not use a CTRL-I or CTRL-O before.  In this case the CTRL-O command
will cause the cursor position to be added to the jump list, so you can get
back to the position before the CTRL-O.  In this case this is line 1167.

With more CTRL-O commands you will go to lines 70 and 1.  If you use CTRL-I
you can go back to 1154 and 1167 again.  Note that the number in the "jump"
column indicates the count for the CTRL-O or CTRL-I command that takes you to
this position.

If you use a jump command, the current line number is inserted at the end of
the jump list.  If the same line was already in the jump list, it is removed.
The result is that when repeating CTRL-O you will get back to old positions
only once.

After the CTRL-O command that got you into line 1154 you could give another
jump command (e.g., "G").  The jump list would then become:

  jump line  file/line
    4	  1  some text
    3	 70  another line
    2  1167  foo bar
    1  1154  end.
 >

The line numbers will be adjusted for deleted and inserted lines.  This fails
if you stop editing a file without writing, like with ":n!".

							*%*
%			Find the next item in this line after or under the
			cursor and jump to its match (inclusive).  Items can
			be:
			([{}])		parenthesis or (curly/square) brackets
					(this can be changed with the
					'matchpairs' option)
			/* */		start or end of C-style comment
			#if, #ifdef, #else, #elif, #endif
					C preprocessor conditionals
			Parens and braces preceded with a backslash are
			ignored.  When the '%' character is not present in
			'cpoptions', parens and braces inside double quotes
			are ignored, unless the number of parens/braces in a
			line is uneven and this line and the previous one does
			not end in a backslash.  '(', '{', '[', ']', '}' and
			')' are also ignored (parens and braces inside single
			quotes).  Note that this works fine for C, but not for
			Perl, where single quotes are used for strings.
			No count is allowed ({count}% jumps to a line {count}
			percentage down the file |N%|).  Using '%' on
			#if/#else/#endif makes the movement linewise.

						*[(*
[(			go to [count] previous unmatched '('.  {not in Vi}

						*[{*
[{			go to [count] previous unmatched '{'.  {not in Vi}

						*])*
])			go to [count] next unmatched ')'.  {not in Vi}

						*]}*
]}			go to [count] next unmatched '}'.  {not in Vi}

The above four commands can be used to go to the start or end of the current
code block.  It is like doing "%" on the '(', ')', '{' or '}' at the other
end of the code block, but you can do this from anywhere in the code block.
Very useful for C programs.  Example: When standing on "case x:", "[{" will
bring you back to the switch statement.

						*]m*
]m			Go to [count] next start of a method (for Java or
			similar structured language).  When not before the
			start of a method, jump to the start or end of the
			class.  When no '{' is found after the cursor, this is
			an error.  {not in Vi}
						*]M*
]M			Go to [count] next end of a method (for Java or
			similar structured language).  When not before the end
			of a method, jump to the start or end of the class.
			When no '}' is found after the cursor, this is an
			error. {not in Vi}
						*[m*
[m			Go to [count] previous start of a method (for Java or
			similar structured language).  When not after the
			start of a method, jump to the start or end of the
			class.  When no '{' is found before the cursor this is
			an error. {not in Vi}
						*[M*
[M			Go to [count] previous end of a method (for Java or
			similar structured language).  When not after the
			end of a method, jump to the start or end of the
			class.  When no '}' is found before the cursor this is
			an error. {not in Vi}

The above two commands assume that the file contains a class with methods.
The class definition is surrounded in '{' and '}'.  Each method in the class
is also surrounde with '{' and '}'.  This applies to the Java language.  The
file looks like this:

	// comment
	class foo {
		int method_one() {
			body_one();
		}
		int method_two() {
			body_two();
		}
	}
Starting with the cursor on "body_two()", using "[m" will jump to the '{' at
the start of "method_two()" (obviously this is much more useful when the
method is long!).  Using "2[m" will jump to the start of "method_one()".
Using "3[m" will jump to the start of the class.

						*[#*
[#			go to [count] previous unmatched "#if" or "#else".
			{not in Vi}

						*]#*
]#			go to [count] next unmatched "#else" or "#endif".  {not
			in Vi}

These two commands work in C programs that contain #if/#else/#endif
constructs.  It brings you to the start or end of the #if/#else/#endif where
the current line is included.  You can then use "%" to go to the matching line.

						*[star* *[/*
[*  or  [/		go to [count] previous start of a C comment "/*".  {not
			in Vi}

						*]star* *]/*
]*  or  ]/		go to [count] next end of a C comment "*/".  {not
			in Vi}


						*H*
H			To line [count] from top (Home) of screen (default:
			first line on the screen) on the first non-blank
			character (linewise).  See also 'startofline' option.
			Cursor is adjusted for 'scrolloff' option.

						*M*
M			To Middle line of screen, on the first non-blank
			character (linewise).  See also 'startofline' option.

						*L*
L			To line [count] from bottom of screen (default: Last
			line on the screen) on the first non-blank character
			(linewise).  See also 'startofline' option.
			Cursor is adjusted for 'scrolloff' option.

<LeftMouse>		Moves to the position on the screen where the mouse
			click is (inclusive).  See also |<LeftMouse>|.  If the
			position is in a status line, that window is made the
			active window and the cursor is not moved.  {not in Vi}

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