help.txt

MSYS在windows下模拟了一个类unix的终端

Context-sensitive completion on the command-line:

|c_wildchar|	'wildchar'  (default: <Tab>)
				do completion on the pattern in front of the
				   cursor.  If there are multiple matches,
				   beep and show the first one; further
				   'wildchar' will show the next ones.
|c_CTRL-D|	CTRL-D		list all names that match the pattern in
				   front of the cursor
|c_CTRL-A|	CTRL-A		insert all names that match pattern in front
				   of cursor
|c_CTRL-L|	CTRL-L		insert longest common part of names that
				   match pattern
|c_CTRL-N|	CTRL-N		after 'wildchar' with multiple matches: go
				   to next match
|c_CTRL-P|	CTRL-P		after 'wildchar' with multiple matches: go
				   to previous match
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ra*		Ex ranges

|:range|	,		separates two line numbers
|:range|	;		idem, set cursor to the first line number
				before interpreting the second one

|:range|	{number}	an absolute line number
|:range|	.		the current line
|:range|	$		the last line in the file
|:range|	%		equal to 1,$ (the entire file)
|:range|	*		equal to '<,'> (visual area)
|:range|	't		position of mark t
|:range|	/{pattern}[/]	the next line where {pattern} matches
|:range|	?{pattern}[?]	the previous line where {pattern} matches

|:range|	+[num]		add [num] to the preceding line number
				   (default: 1)
|:range|	-[num]		subtract [num] from the preceding line
				   number (default: 1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ex*		Special Ex characters

|:bar|	    |		separates two commands (not for ":global" and ":!")
|:quote|    "		begins comment

|:_%|	    %		current file name (only where a file name is expected)
|:_#|	    #[num]	alternate file name [num] (only where a file name is
			   expected)
	Note: The next four are typed literally; these are not special keys!
|:<cword>|  <cword>	word under the cursor (only where a file name is
			   expected)
|:<cWORD>|  <cWORD>	WORD under the cursor (only where a file name is
			   expected) (see |WORD|)
|:<cfile>|  <cfile>	file name under the cursor (only where a file name is
			   expected)
|:<afile>|  <afile>	file name for autocommand (only where a file name is
			   expected)
|:<sfile>|  <sfile>	file name of a ":source"d file, within that file (only
			   where a file name is expected)

		After "%", "#", "<cfile>", "<sfile>" or "<afile>"
		|::p|	    :p		full path
		|::h|	    :h		head (file name removed)
		|::t|	    :t		tail (file name only)
		|::r|	    :r		root (extension removed)
		|::e|	    :e		extension
		|::s|	    :s/{pat}/{repl}/	substitute {pat} with {repl}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ed*		Editing a file

|:edit_f|  :e[dit] {file}	Edit {file}, unless changes have been made.
|:edit!_f| :e[dit]! {file}	Edit {file} always.  Discard any changes.
|:edit|	   :e[dit]		Reload the current file, unless changes have
				   been made.
|:edit!|   :e[dit]!		Reload the current file always.  Discard any
				   changes.
|:find|    :fin[d][!] {file}	Find {file} in 'path' and edit it.
|CTRL-^|   N   CTRL-^		Edit alternate file N (equivalent to ":e #N").
|gf|	       gf  or ]f	Edit the file whose name is under the cursor
|:pwd|	   :pwd			Print the current directory name.
|:cd|	   :cd [path]		Change the current directory to [path].
|:cd-|	   :cd -		Back to previous current directory.
|:file|	   :f[ile]		Print the current file name and the cursor
				   position.
|:file|	   :f[ile] {name}	Set the current file name to {name}.
|:files|   :files		Show alternate file names.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_fl*		Using the argument list			|argument-list|

|:args|	   :ar[gs]		Print the argument list, with the current file
				   in "[]".
|:all|	   :all  or :sall	Open a window for every file in the arg list.
|:wn|	   :wn[ext][!]		Write file and edit next file.
|:wn|	   :wn[ext][!] {file}	Write to {file} and edit next file, unless
				   {file} exists.  With !, overwrite existing
				   file.
|:wN|	   :wN[ext][!] [file]	Write file and edit previous file.

	     in current window    in new window	~
|:argument|  :argu[ment] N	  :sar[gument] N	Edit file N
|:next|	     :n[ext]		  :sn[ext]		Edit next file
|:next_f|    :n[ext] {arglist}	  :sn[ext] {arglist}	define new arg list
							   and edit first file
|:Next|	     :N[ext]		  :sN[ext]		Edit previous file
|:rewind|    :rew[ind][!]	  :srew[ind]		Edit first file
|:last|	     :last		  :slast		Edit last file
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_wq*		Writing and quitting

|:w|	  :[range]w[rite][!]		Write to the current file.
|:w_f|	  :[range]w[rite] {file}	Write to {file}, unless it already
					   exists.
|:w_f|	  :[range]w[rite]! {file}	Write to {file}.  Overwrite an existing
					   file.
|:w_a|	  :[range]w[rite][!] >>		Append to the current file.
|:w_a|	  :[range]w[rite][!] >> {file}	Append to {file}.
|:w_c|	  :[range]w[rite] !{cmd}	Execute {cmd} with [range] lines as
					   standard input.
|:up|	  :[range]up[date][!]		write to current file if modified
|:wall|	  :wall[!]			write all changed buffers

|:q|	  :q[uit]		Quit current buffer, unless changes have been
				   made.  Exit Vim when there are no other
				   non-help buffers
|:q|	  :q[uit]!		Quit current buffer always, discard any
				   changes.  Exit Vim when there are no other
				   non-help buffers
|:qa|	  :qall			Exit Vim, unless changes have been made.
|:qa|	  :qall!		Exit Vim always, discard any changes.
|:cq|	  :cq			Quit without writing and return error code.

|:wq|	  :wq[!]		Write the current file and exit.
|:wq|	  :wq[!] {file}		Write to {file} and exit.
|:xit|	  :x[it][!] [file]	Like ":wq" but write only when changes have
				   been made
|ZZ|	     ZZ			Same as ":x".
|ZQ|	     ZQ			Same as ":q!".
|:xall|	  :xall[!]  or :wqall[!]
				Write all changed buffers and exit

|:stop|	  :st[op][!]		Suspend VIM or start new shell. If 'aw' option
				   is set and [!] not given write the buffer.
|CTRL-Z|     CTRL-Z		Same as ":stop"
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_st*		Starting VIM

|-vim|	   vim [options]		start editing with an empty buffer
|-file|	   vim [options] {file} ..	start editing one or more files
|--|	   vim [options] -		read file from stdin
|-tag|	   vim [options] -t {tag}	edit the file associated with {tag}
|-qf|	   vim [options] -q [fname]	start editing in QuickFix mode,
					   display the first error

	Vim arguments:

|-gui|	-g		    start GUI (also allows other options)

|-+|	+[num]		    put the cursor at line [num] (default: last line)
|-+c|	+{command}	    execute {command} after loading the file
|-+/|	+/{pat} {file} ..   put the cursor at the first occurrence of {pat}
|-v|	-v		    Vi mode, start ex in Normal mode
|-e|	-e		    Ex mode, start vim in Ex mode
|-R|	-R		    Read-only mode, implies -n
|-m|	-m		    modifications not allowed (resets 'write' option)
|-b|	-b		    binary mode
|-l|	-l		    lisp mode
|-F|	-F		    Farsi mode ('fkmap' and 'rightleft' are set)
|-H|	-H		    Hebrew mode ('hkmap' and 'rightleft' are set)
|-V|	-V		    Verbose, give informative messages
|-C|	-C		    Compatible, set the 'compatible' option
|-N|	-N		    Nocompatible, reset the 'compatible' option
|-r|	-r		    give list of swap files
|-r|	-r {file} ..	    recover aborted edit session
|-n|	-n		    do not create a swap file
|-o|	-o [num]	    open [num] windows (default: one for each file)
|-f|	-f		    GUI: foreground process, don't fork
			    Amiga: do not restart VIM to open a window (for
				e.g., mail)
|-s|	-s {scriptin}	    first read commands from the file {scriptin}
|-w|	-w {scriptout}	    write typed chars to file {scriptout} (append)
|-W|	-W {scriptout}	    write typed chars to file {scriptout} (overwrite)
|-T|	-T {terminal}	    set terminal name
|-d|	-d {device}	    Amiga: open {device} to be used as a console
|-u|	-u {vimrc}	    read inits from {vimrc} instead of other inits
|-U|	-U {gvimrc}	    idem, for when starting the GUI
|-i|	-i {viminfo}	    read info from {viminfo} instead of other files
|---|	--		    end of options, other arguments are file names
|--help|    --help	    show list of arguments and exit
|--version| --version	    show version info and exit
|--|	-		    Read file from stdin.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ac*		Automatic Commands

|viminfo-file|	Read registers, marks, history at startup, save when exiting.

|:rviminfo|	:rv[iminfo] [file]	Read info from viminfo file [file]
|:rviminfo|	:rv[iminfo]! [file]	idem, overwrite existing info
|:wviminfo|	:wv[iminfo] [file]	Add info to viminfo file [file]
|:wviminfo|	:wv[iminfo]! [file]	Write info to viminfo file [file]

|modeline|	Automatic option setting when editing a file

|modeline|	vim:{set-arg}: ..	In the first and last lines of the
					file (see 'ml' option), {set-arg} is
					given as an argument to ":set"

|autocommand|	Automatic execution of commands on certain events.

|:autocmd|	:au			List all autocommands
|:autocmd|	:au {event}		List all autocommands for {event}
|:autocmd|	:au {event} {pat}	List all autocommands for {event} with
					{pat}
|:autocmd|	:au {event} {pat} {cmd}	Enter new autocommands for {event}
					with {pat}
|:autocmd|	:au!			Remove all autocommands
|:autocmd|	:au! {event}		Remove all autocommands for {event}
|:autocmd|	:au! * {pat}		Remove all autocommands for {pat}
|:autocmd|	:au! {event} {pat}	Remove all autocommands for {event}
					with {pat}
|:autocmd|	:au! {event} {pat} {cmd}  Remove all autocommands for {event}
					with {pat} and enter new one
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_wi*		Multi-window functions

|CTRL-W_s|	CTRL-W s  or  :split	Split window into two parts
|:split_f|	:split {file}		Split window and edit {file} in one of
					   them
|:sfind|	:sf[ind] {file}		Split window, find {file} in 'path'
					   and edit it.
|CTRL-W_]|	CTRL-W ]		Split window and jump to tag under
					   cursor
|CTRL-W_f|	CTRL-W f		Split window and edit file name under
					   the cursor
|CTRL-W_CTRL-^| CTRL-W CTRL-^		Split window and edit alternate file
|CTRL-W_n|	CTRL-W n  or  :new	Create new empty window
|CTRL-W_q|	CTRL-W q  or  :q[uit]	Quit editing and close window
|CTRL-W_c|	CTRL-W c  or  :cl[ose]	Make buffer hidden and close window
|CTRL-W_o|	CTRL-W o  or  :on[ly]	Make current window only one on the
					   screen

|CTRL-W_j|	CTRL-W j		Move cursor to window below
|CTRL-W_k|	CTRL-W k		Move cursor to window above
|CTRL-W_CTRL-W|	CTRL-W CTRL-W		Move cursor to window below (wrap)
|CTRL-W_W|	CTRL-W W		Move cursor to window above (wrap)
|CTRL-W_t|	CTRL-W t		Move cursor to top window
|CTRL-W_b|	CTRL-W b		Move cursor to bottom window
|CTRL-W_p|	CTRL-W p		Move cursor to previous active window

|CTRL-W_r|	CTRL-W r		Rotate windows downwards
|CTRL-W_R|	CTRL-W R		Rotate windows upwards
|CTRL-W_x|	CTRL-W x		Exchange current window with next one

|CTRL-W_=|	CTRL-W =		Make all windows equal height
|CTRL-W_-|	CTRL-W -		Decrease current window height
|CTRL-W_+|	CTRL-W +		Increase current window height
|CTRL-W__|	CTRL-W _		Set current window height (default:
					   very high)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_bu*		Buffer list functions

|:buffers|	:buffers  or  :files	list all known buffer and file names

|:ball|		:ball	  or  :sball	edit all args/buffers
|:unhide|	:unhide   or  :sunhide	edit all loaded buffers

|:badd|		:badd {fname}		add file name {fname} to the list
|:bunload|	:bunload[!] [N]		unload buffer [N] from memory
|:bdelete|	:bdelete[!] [N]		unload buffer [N] and delete it from
					   the buffer list

	      in current window   in new window	~
|:buffer|     :[N]buffer [N]	  :[N]sbuffer [N]     to arg/buf N
|:bnext|      :[N]bnext [N]	  :[N]sbnext [N]      to Nth next arg/buf
|:bNext|      :[N]bNext [N]	  :[N]sbNext [N]      to Nth previous arg/buf
|:bprevious|  :[N]bprevious [N]   :[N]sbprevious [N]  to Nth previous arg/buf
|:brewind|    :brewind		  :sbrewind	      to first arg/buf
|:blast|      :blast		  :sblast	      to last arg/buf
|:bmodified|  :[N]bmod [N]	  :[N]sbmod [N]	      to Nth modified buf
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_sy*		Syntax Highlighting

|:syn-on|	:syntax on		start using syntax highlighting
|:syn-off|	:syntax off		stop using syntax highlighting

|:syn-keyword|	:syntax keyword {group-name} {keyword} ..
					add a syntax keyword item
|:syn-match|	:syntax match {group-name} {pattern} ...
					add syntax match item
|:syn-region|	:syntax region {group-name} {pattern} ...
					add syntax region item
|:syn-sync|	:syntax sync [ccomment | lines {N} | ...]
					tell syntax how to sync
|:syntax|	:syntax [list]		list current syntax items
|:syn-clear|	:syntax clear		clear all syntax info

|:highlight|	:highlight clear	clear all highlight info
|:highlight|	:highlight {group-name} {key}={arg} ..
					set highlighting for {group-name}

|:filetype|	:filetype on		switch on file type detection, without
					syntax highlighting
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_gu*		GUI commands

|:gui|		:gui			UNIX: start the GUI
|:gui|		:gui {fname} ..		idem, and edit {fname} ..

|:menu|		:menu			list all menus
|:menu|		:menu {mpath}		list menus starting with {mpath}
|:menu|		:menu {mpath} {rhs}	add menu {mpath}, giving {lhs}
|:menu|		:menu {pri} {mpath} {rhs}
					idem, with priorities {pri}
|:menu|		:menu ToolBar.{name} {rhs}
					add toolbar item, giving {lhs}
|:tmenu|	:tmenu {mpath} {text}	add tooltip to menu {mpath}
|:unmenu|	:unmenu {mpath}		remove menu {mpath}

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*bars*		Bars example

Now that you've jumped here with CTRL-] or a double mouse click, you can use
CTRL-T, CTRL-O, g<RightMouse>, or <C-RightMouse> to go back to where you were.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 vim:ts=8:sw=8:tw=78:fo=tcq2:isk=!-~,^*,^\|,^\":