help.txt

MSYS在windows下模拟了一个类unix的终端

|:ptjump|  :ptj[ump]		like ":tjump" but show tag in preview window
|:pclose|  :pc[lose]		close tag preview window
|CTRL-W_z|     CTRL-W z		close tag preview window
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_sc*		Scrolling

|CTRL-E|	N  CTRL-E	window N lines downwards (default: 1)
|CTRL-D|	N  CTRL-D	window N lines Downwards (default: 1/2 window)
|CTRL-F|	N  CTRL-F	window N pages Forwards (downwards)
|CTRL-Y|	N  CTRL-Y	window N lines upwards (default: 1)
|CTRL-U|	N  CTRL-U	window N lines Upwards (default: 1/2 window)
|CTRL-B|	N  CTRL-B	window N pages Backwards (upwards)
|z<CR>|		   z<CR> or zt	redraw, current line at top of window
|z.|		   z.	 or zz	redraw, current line at center of window
|z-|		   z-	 or zb	redraw, current line at bottom of window

These only work when 'wrap' is off:
|zh|		N  zh		scroll screen N characters to the right
|zl|		N  zl		scroll screen N characters to the left
|zH|		N  zH		scroll screen half a screenwidth to the right
|zL|		N  zL		scroll screen half a screenwidth to the left
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_in*		Inserting text

|a|	N  a	append text after the cursor (N times)
|A|	N  A	append text at the end of the line (N times)
|i|	N  i	insert text before the cursor (N times) (also: <Insert>)
|I|	N  I	insert text before the first non-blank in the line (N times)
|gI|	N  gI	insert text in column 1 (N times)
|o|	N  o	open a new line below the current line, append text (N times)
|O|	N  O	open a new line above the current line, append text (N times)
|:startinsert|  :star[tinsert][!]  start Insert mode, append when [!] used

in Visual block mode:
|v_b_I|    I	insert the same text in front of all the selected lines
|v_b_A|	   A	append the same text after all the selected lines
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ai*		Insert mode keys

|insert-index|	alphabetical index of Insert mode commands

leaving Insert mode:
|i_<Esc>|	<Esc>		  end Insert mode, back to Normal mode
|i_CTRL-C|	CTRL-C		  like <Esc>, but do not use an abbreviation
|i_CTRL-O|	CTRL-O {command}  execute {command} and return to Insert mode

moving around:
|i_<Up>|	cursor keys	  move cursor left/right/up/down
|i_<S-Left>|	shift-left/right  one word left/right
|i_<S-Up>|	shift-up/down	  one screenful backward/forward
|i_<End>|	<End>		  cursor after last character in the line
|i_<Home>|	<Home>		  cursor to first character in the line
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ss*		Special keys in Insert mode

|i_CTRL-V|	CTRL-V {char}..	  insert character literally, or enter decimal
				     byte value
|i_<NL>|	<NL> or <CR> or CTRL-M or CTRL-J
				  begin new line
|i_CTRL-E|	CTRL-E		  insert the character from below the cursor
|i_CTRL-Y|	CTRL-Y		  insert the character from above the cursor

|i_CTRL-A|	CTRL-A		  insert previously inserted text
|i_CTRL-@|	CTRL-@		  insert previously inserted text and stop
				     Insert mode
|i_CTRL-R|	CTRL-R {0-9a-z%#:.-="}  insert the contents of a register

|i_CTRL-N|	CTRL-N		  insert next match of identifier before the
				     cursor
|i_CTRL-P|	CTRL-P		  insert previous match of identifier before
				     the cursor
|i_CTRL-X|	CTRL-X ...	  complete the word before the cursor in
				     various ways

|i_<BS>|	<BS> or CTRL-H	  delete the character before the cursor
|i_<Del>|	<Del>		  delete the character under the cursor
|i_CTRL-W|	CTRL-W		  delete word before the cursor
|i_CTRL-U|	CTRL-U		  delete all entered characters in the current
				     line
|i_CTRL-T|	CTRL-T		  insert one shiftwidth of indent in front of
				       the current line
|i_CTRL-D|	CTRL-D		  delete one shiftwidth of indent in front of
				     the current line
|i_0_CTRL-D|	0 CTRL-D	  delete all indent in the current line
|i_^_CTRL-D|	^ CTRL-D	  delete all indent in the current line,
				     restore indent in next line
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_di*		Digraphs

|:dig|	   :dig[raphs]		show current list of digraphs
|:dig|	   :dig[raphs] {char1}{char2} {number} ...
				add digraph(s) to the list

In Insert or Command-line mode:
|i_CTRL-K|	CTRL-K {char1} {char2}
				  enter digraph
|i_digraph|	{char1} <BS> {char2}
				  enter digraph if 'digraph' option set
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_si*		Special inserts

|:r|	   :r [file]	   insert the contents of [file] below the cursor
|:r!|	   :r! {command}   insert the standard output of {command} below the
			      cursor
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_de*		Deleting text

|x|	N  x		delete N characters under and after the cursor
|<Del>| N  <Del>	delete N characters under and after the cursor
|X|	N  X		delete N characters before the cursor
|d|	N  d{motion}	delete the text that is moved over with {motion}
|v_d|	{visual}d	delete the highlighted text
|dd|	N  dd		delete N lines
|D|	N  D		delete to the end of the line (and N-1 more lines)
|J|	N  J		join N-1 lines (delete <EOL>s)
|v_J|	{visual}J	join the highlighted lines
|gJ|	N  gJ		like "J", but without inserting spaces
|v_gJ|	{visual}gJ	like "{visual}J", but without inserting spaces
|:d|	:[range]d [x]	delete [range] lines [into register x]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_cm*		Copying and moving text

|quote|	  "{char}	use register {char} for the next delete, yank, or put
|:reg|	  :reg		show the contents of all registers
|:reg|	  :reg {arg}	show the contents of registers mentioned in {arg}
|y|	  N  y{motion}	yank the text moved over with {motion} into a register
|v_y|	     {visual}y	yank the highlighted text into a register
|yy|	  N  yy		yank N lines into a register
|Y|	  N  Y		yank N lines into a register
|p|	  N  p		put a register after the cursor position (N times)
|P|	  N  P		put a register before the cursor position (N times)
|]p|	  N  ]p		like p, but adjust indent to current line
|[p|	  N  [p		like P, but adjust indent to current line
|gp|	  N  gp		like p, but leave cursor after the new text
|gP|	  N  gP		like P, but leave cursor after the new text
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ch*		Changing text

|r|	  N  r{char}	replace N characters with {char}
|gr|	  N  gr{char}	replace N characters without affecting layout
|R|	  N  R		enter Replace mode (repeat the entered text N times)
|gR|	  N  gR		enter virtual Replace mode: Like Replace mode but
			   without affecting layout
|v_b_r|	  {visual}r{char}
			in Visual block mode: Replace each char of the
			   selected text with {char}

	(change = delete text and enter Insert mode)
|c|	  N  c{motion}	change the text that is moved over with {motion}
|v_c|	     {visual}c	change the highlighted text
|cc|	  N  cc		change N lines
|S|	  N  S		change N lines
|C|	  N  C		change to the end of the line (and N-1 more lines)
|s|	  N  s		change N characters
|v_b_c|	     {visual}c	in Visual block mode: Change each of the selected
			   lines with the entered text
|v_b_C|	     {visual}C	in Visual block mode: Change each of the selected
			   lines until end-of-line with the entered text

|~|	  N  ~		switch case for N characters and advance cursor
|v_~|	     {visual}~	switch case for highlighted text
|v_u|	     {visual}u	make highlighted text lowercase
|v_U|	     {visual}U	make highlighted text uppercase
|g~|	     g~{motion} switch case for the text that is moved over with
			   {motion}
|gu|	     gu{motion} make the text that is moved over with {motion}
			   lowercase
|gU|	     gU{motion} make the text that is moved over with {motion}
			   uppercase
|v_g?|	     {visual}g? perform rot13 encoding on highlighted text
|g?|	     g?{motion} perform rot13 encoding on the text that is moved over
			   with {motion}

|CTRL-A|  N  CTRL-A	add N to the number at or after the cursor
|CTRL-X|  N  CTRL-X	subtract N from the number at or after the cursor

|<|	  N  <{motion}	move the lines that are moved over with {motion} one
			   shiftwidth left
|<<|	  N  <<		move N lines one shiftwidth left
|>|	  N  >{motion}	move the lines that are moved over with {motion} one
			   shiftwidth right
|>>|	  N  >>		move N lines one shiftwidth right
|gq|	  N  gq{motion}	format the lines that are moved over with {motion} to
			   'textwidth' length
|:ce|	  :[range]ce[nter] [width]
			center the lines in [range]
|:le|	  :[range]le[ft] [indent]
			left-align the lines in [range] (with [indent])
|:ri|	  :[range]ri[ght] [width]
			right-align the lines in [range]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_co*		Complex changes

|!|	   N  !{motion}{command}<CR>
			filter the lines that are moved over through {command}
|!!|	   N  !!{command}<CR>
			filter N lines through {command}
|v_!|	      {visual}!{command}<CR>
			filter the highlighted lines through {command}
|:range!|  :[range]! {command}<CR>
			filter [range] lines through {command}
|=|	   N  ={motion}
			filter the lines that are moved over through 'equalprg'
|==|	   N  ==	filter N lines through 'equalprg'
|v_=|	      {visual}=
			filter the highlighted lines through 'equalprg'
|:s|	   :[range]s[ubstitute]/{pattern}/{string}/[g][c]
			substitute {pattern} by {string} in [range] lines;
			   with [g], replace all occurrences of {pattern};
			   with [c], confirm each replacement
|:s|	   :[range]s[ubstitute] [g][c]
			repeat previous ":s" with new range and options
|&|	      &		Repeat previous ":s" on current line without options
|:ret|	   :[range]ret[ab][!] [tabstop]
			set 'tabstop' to new value and adjust white space
			   accordingly
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_vi*		Visual mode

|visual-index|	list of Visual mode commands.

|v|	   v		start highlighting characters  }  move cursor and use
|V|	   V		start highlighting linewise    }  operator to affect
|CTRL-V|   CTRL-V	start highlighting blockwise   }  highlighted text
|v_o|	   o		exchange cursor position with start of highlighting
|gv|	   gv		start highlighting on previous visual area
|v_v|	   v		highlight characters or stop highlighting
|v_V|	   V		highlight linewise or stop highlighting
|v_CTRL-V| CTRL-V	highlight blockwise or stop highlighting
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_to*		Text objects (only in Visual mode or after an operator)

|v_aw|	N  aw		Select "a word"
|v_iw|	N  iw		Select "inner word"
|v_aW|	N  aW		Select "a WORD"
|v_iW|	N  iW		Select "inner WORD"
|v_as|	N  as		Select "a sentence"
|v_is|	N  is		Select "inner sentence"
|v_ap|	N  ap		Select "a paragraph"
|v_ip|	N  ip		Select "inner paragraph"
|v_ab|	N  ab		Select "a block" (from "[(" to "])")
|v_ib|	N  ib		Select "inner block" (from "[(" to "])")
|v_aB|	N  aB		Select "a Block" (from "[{" to "]}")
|v_iB|	N  iB		Select "inner Block" (from "[{" to "]}")
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_re*		Repeating commands

|.|	   N  .		repeat last change (with count replaced with N)
|q|	      q{a-z}	record typed characters into register {a-z}
|q|	      q{A-Z}	record typed characters, appended to register {a-z}
|q|	      q		stop recording
|@|	   N  @{a-z}	execute the contents of register {a-z} (N times)
|@@|	   N  @@	   repeat previous @{a-z} (N times)
|:@|	   :@{a-z}	execute the contents of register {a-z} as an Ex
			   command
|:@@|	   :@@		repeat previous :@{a-z}
|:g|	   :[range]g[lobal]/{pattern}/[cmd]
			Execute Ex command [cmd] (default: ":p") on the lines
			   within [range] where {pattern} matches.
|:g|	   :[range]g[lobal]!/{pattern}/[cmd]
			Execute Ex command [cmd] (default: ":p") on the lines
			   within [range] where {pattern} does NOT match.
|:so|	   :so[urce] {file}
			Read Ex commands from {file}.
|:so|	   :so[urce]! {file}
			Read Vim commands from {file}.
|:sl|	   :sl[eep] [sec]
			don't do anything for [sec] seconds
|gs|	   N  gs	Goto Sleep for N seconds
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_km*		Key mapping

|:map|	     :ma[p] {lhs} {rhs}	  Map {lhs} to {rhs} in Normal and Visual
				     mode.
|:map!|	     :ma[p]! {lhs} {rhs}  Map {lhs} to {rhs} in Insert and Command-line
				     mode.
|:noremap|   :no[remap][!] {lhs} {rhs}
				  Same as ":map", no remapping for this {rhs}
|:unmap|     :unm[ap] {lhs}	  Remove the mapping of {lhs} for Normal and
				     Visual mode.
|:unmap!|    :unm[ap]! {lhs}	  Remove the mapping of {lhs} for Insert and
				     Command-line mode.
|:map_l|     :ma[p] [lhs]	  List mappings (starting with [lhs]) for
				     Normal and Visual mode.
|:map_l!|    :ma[p]! [lhs]	  List mappings (starting with [lhs]) for
				     Insert and Command-line mode.
|:cmap|	     :cmap/:cunmap/:cnoremap
				  like ":map!"/":unmap!"/":noremap!" but for
				     Command-line mode only
|:imap|	     :imap/:iunmap/:inoremap
				  like ":map!"/":unmap!"/":noremap!" but for
				     Insert mode only
|:nmap|	     :nmap/:nunmap/:nnoremap
				  like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but for
				     Normal mode only
|:vmap|	     :vmap/:vunmap/:vnoremap
				  like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but for
				     Visual mode only
|:omap|	     :omap/:ounmap/:onoremap
				  like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but only for
				     when an operator is pending
|:mapc|      :mapc[lear]	  remove mappings for Normal and Visual mode
|:mapc|      :mapc[lear]!	  remove mappings for Insert and Cmdline mode
|:imapc|     :imapc[lear]	  remove mappings for Insert mode
|:vmapc|     :vmapc[lear]	  remove mappings for Visual mode
|:omapc|     :omapc[lear]	  remove mappings for Operator-pending mode
|:nmapc|     :nmapc[lear]	  remove mappings for Normal mode
|:cmapc|     :cmapc[lear]	  remove mappings for Cmdline mode
|:mkexrc|    :mk[exrc][!] [file]  write current mappings, abbreviations, and
				     settings to [file] (default: ".exrc";
				     use ! to overwrite)
|:mkvimrc|   :mkv[imrc][!] [file]
				  same as ":mkexrc", but with default ".vimrc"
|:mksession| :mks[ession][!] [file]
				  like ":mkvimrc", but store current files,
				     windows, etc. too, to be able to continue
				     this session later.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*X_ab*		Abbreviations

|:abbreviate|	:ab[breviate] {lhs} {rhs}  add abbreviation for {lhs} to {rhs}
|:abbreviate|	:ab[breviate] {lhs}	   show abbr's that start with {lhs}
|:abbreviate|	:ab[breviate]		   show all abbreviations
|:unabbreviate|	:una[bbreviate] {lhs}	   remove abbreviation for {lhs}
|:noreabbrev|	:norea[bbrev] [lhs] [rhs]  like ":ab", but don't remap [rhs]