getopt-long.scm

MSYS在windows下模拟了一个类unix的终端

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;;; Author: Russ McManus (rewritten by Thien-Thi Nguyen)

;;; Commentary:

;;; This module implements some complex command line option parsing, in
;;; the spirit of the GNU C library function `getopt_long'.  Both long
;;; and short options are supported.
;;;
;;; The theory is that people should be able to constrain the set of
;;; options they want to process using a grammar, rather than some arbitrary
;;; structure.  The grammar makes the option descriptions easy to read.
;;;
;;; `getopt-long' is a procedure for parsing command-line arguments in a
;;; manner consistent with other GNU programs.  `option-ref' is a procedure
;;; that facilitates processing of the `getopt-long' return value.

;;; (getopt-long ARGS GRAMMAR)
;;; Parse the arguments ARGS according to the argument list grammar GRAMMAR.
;;;
;;; ARGS should be a list of strings.  Its first element should be the
;;; name of the program; subsequent elements should be the arguments
;;; that were passed to the program on the command line.  The
;;; `program-arguments' procedure returns a list of this form.
;;;
;;; GRAMMAR is a list of the form:
;;; ((OPTION (PROPERTY VALUE) ...) ...)
;;;
;;; Each OPTION should be a symbol.  `getopt-long' will accept a
;;; command-line option named `--OPTION'.
;;; Each option can have the following (PROPERTY VALUE) pairs:
;;;
;;;   (single-char CHAR) --- Accept `-CHAR' as a single-character
;;;		equivalent to `--OPTION'.  This is how to specify traditional
;;;		Unix-style flags.
;;;   (required? BOOL) --- If BOOL is true, the option is required.
;;;		getopt-long will raise an error if it is not found in ARGS.
;;;   (value BOOL) --- If BOOL is #t, the option accepts a value; if
;;;		it is #f, it does not; and if it is the symbol
;;;		`optional', the option may appear in ARGS with or
;;;		without a value.
;;;   (predicate FUNC) --- If the option accepts a value (i.e. you
;;;		specified `(value #t)' for this option), then getopt
;;;		will apply FUNC to the value, and throw an exception
;;;		if it returns #f.  FUNC should be a procedure which
;;;		accepts a string and returns a boolean value; you may
;;;		need to use quasiquotes to get it into GRAMMAR.
;;;
;;; The (PROPERTY VALUE) pairs may occur in any order, but each
;;; property may occur only once.  By default, options do not have
;;; single-character equivalents, are not required, and do not take
;;; values.
;;;
;;; In ARGS, single-character options may be combined, in the usual
;;; Unix fashion: ("-x" "-y") is equivalent to ("-xy").  If an option
;;; accepts values, then it must be the last option in the
;;; combination; the value is the next argument.  So, for example, using
;;; the following grammar:
;;;      ((apples    (single-char #\a))
;;;       (blimps    (single-char #\b) (value #t))
;;;       (catalexis (single-char #\c) (value #t)))
;;; the following argument lists would be acceptable:
;;;    ("-a" "-b" "bang" "-c" "couth")     ("bang" and "couth" are the values
;;;                                         for "blimps" and "catalexis")
;;;    ("-ab" "bang" "-c" "couth")         (same)
;;;    ("-ac" "couth" "-b" "bang")         (same)
;;;    ("-abc" "couth" "bang")             (an error, since `-b' is not the
;;;                                         last option in its combination)
;;;
;;; If an option's value is optional, then `getopt-long' decides
;;; whether it has a value by looking at what follows it in ARGS.  If
;;; the next element is does not appear to be an option itself, then
;;; that element is the option's value.
;;;
;;; The value of a long option can appear as the next element in ARGS,
;;; or it can follow the option name, separated by an `=' character.
;;; Thus, using the same grammar as above, the following argument lists
;;; are equivalent:
;;;   ("--apples" "Braeburn" "--blimps" "Goodyear")
;;;   ("--apples=Braeburn" "--blimps" "Goodyear")
;;;   ("--blimps" "Goodyear" "--apples=Braeburn")
;;;
;;; If the option "--" appears in ARGS, argument parsing stops there;
;;; subsequent arguments are returned as ordinary arguments, even if
;;; they resemble options.  So, in the argument list:
;;;         ("--apples" "Granny Smith" "--" "--blimp" "Goodyear")
;;; `getopt-long' will recognize the `apples' option as having the
;;; value "Granny Smith", but it will not recognize the `blimp'
;;; option; it will return the strings "--blimp" and "Goodyear" as
;;; ordinary argument strings.
;;;
;;; The `getopt-long' function returns the parsed argument list as an
;;; assocation list, mapping option names --- the symbols from GRAMMAR
;;; --- onto their values, or #t if the option does not accept a value.
;;; Unused options do not appear in the alist.
;;;
;;; All arguments that are not the value of any option are returned
;;; as a list, associated with the empty list.
;;;
;;; `getopt-long' throws an exception if:
;;; - it finds an unrecognized property in GRAMMAR
;;; - the value of the `single-char' property is not a character
;;; - it finds an unrecognized option in ARGS
;;; - a required option is omitted
;;; - an option that requires an argument doesn't get one
;;; - an option that doesn't accept an argument does get one (this can
;;;   only happen using the long option `--opt=value' syntax)
;;; - an option predicate fails
;;;
;;; So, for example:
;;;
;;; (define grammar
;;;   `((lockfile-dir (required? #t)
;;;                   (value #t)
;;;                   (single-char #\k)
;;;                   (predicate ,file-is-directory?))
;;;     (verbose (required? #f)
;;;              (single-char #\v)
;;;              (value #f))
;;;     (x-includes (single-char #\x))
;;;     (rnet-server (single-char #\y)
;;;                  (predicate ,string?))))
;;;
;;; (getopt-long '("my-prog" "-vk" "/tmp" "foo1" "--x-includes=/usr/include"
;;;                "--rnet-server=lamprod" "--" "-fred" "foo2" "foo3")
;;;                grammar)
;;; => ((() "foo1" "-fred" "foo2" "foo3")
;;; 	(rnet-server . "lamprod")
;;; 	(x-includes . "/usr/include")
;;; 	(lockfile-dir . "/tmp")
;;; 	(verbose . #t))

;;; (option-ref OPTIONS KEY DEFAULT)
;;; Return value in alist OPTIONS using KEY, a symbol; or DEFAULT if not
;;; found.  The value is either a string or `#t'.
;;;
;;; For example, using the `getopt-long' return value from above:
;;;
;;; (option-ref (getopt-long ...) 'x-includes 42) => "/usr/include"
;;; (option-ref (getopt-long ...) 'not-a-key! 31) => 31

;;; Code:

(define-module (ice-9 getopt-long)
  :use-module ((ice-9 common-list) :select (some remove-if-not))
  :export (getopt-long option-ref))

(define option-spec-fields '(name
                             value
                             required?
                             single-char
                             predicate
                             value-policy))

(define option-spec (make-record-type 'option-spec option-spec-fields))
(define make-option-spec (record-constructor option-spec option-spec-fields))

(define (define-one-option-spec-field-accessor field)
  `(define ,(symbol-append 'option-spec-> field)        ;;; name slib-compat
     (record-accessor option-spec ',field)))

(define (define-one-option-spec-field-modifier field)
  `(define ,(symbol-append 'set-option-spec- field '!)  ;;; name slib-compat
     (record-modifier option-spec ',field)))

(defmacro define-all-option-spec-accessors/modifiers ()
  `(begin
     ,@(map define-one-option-spec-field-accessor option-spec-fields)
     ,@(map define-one-option-spec-field-modifier option-spec-fields)))

(define-all-option-spec-accessors/modifiers)

(define make-option-spec
  (let ((ctor (record-constructor option-spec '(name))))
    (lambda (name)
      (ctor name))))

(define (parse-option-spec desc)
  (let ((spec (make-option-spec (symbol->string (car desc)))))
    (for-each (lambda (desc-elem)
                (let ((given (lambda () (cadr desc-elem))))
                  (case (car desc-elem)
                    ((required?)
                     (set-option-spec-required?! spec (given)))
                    ((value)
                     (set-option-spec-value-policy! spec (given)))