perlapi.pod

MSYS在windows下模拟了一个类unix的终端

	SV*	newSVpvf(const char* pat, ...)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.c

=item newSVpvn

Creates a new SV and copies a string into it.  The reference count for the
SV is set to 1.  Note that if C<len> is zero, Perl will create a zero length 
string.  You are responsible for ensuring that the source string is at least
C<len> bytes long.

	SV*	newSVpvn(const char* s, STRLEN len)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.c

=item newSVrv

Creates a new SV for the RV, C<rv>, to point to.  If C<rv> is not an RV then
it will be upgraded to one.  If C<classname> is non-null then the new SV will
be blessed in the specified package.  The new SV is returned and its
reference count is 1.

	SV*	newSVrv(SV* rv, const char* classname)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.c

=item newSVsv

Creates a new SV which is an exact duplicate of the original SV.

	SV*	newSVsv(SV* old)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.c

=item newSVuv

Creates a new SV and copies an unsigned integer into it.
The reference count for the SV is set to 1.

	SV*	newSVuv(UV u)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.c

=item newXS

Used by C<xsubpp> to hook up XSUBs as Perl subs.

=for hackers
Found in file op.c

=item newXSproto

Used by C<xsubpp> to hook up XSUBs as Perl subs.  Adds Perl prototypes to
the subs.

=for hackers
Found in file XSUB.h

=item Newz

The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<malloc> function.  The allocated
memory is zeroed with C<memzero>.

	void	Newz(int id, void* ptr, int nitems, type)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item Nullav

Null AV pointer.

=for hackers
Found in file av.h

=item Nullch

Null character pointer.

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item Nullcv

Null CV pointer.

=for hackers
Found in file cv.h

=item Nullhv

Null HV pointer.

=for hackers
Found in file hv.h

=item Nullsv

Null SV pointer.

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item ORIGMARK

The original stack mark for the XSUB.  See C<dORIGMARK>.

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item perl_alloc

Allocates a new Perl interpreter.  See L<perlembed>.

	PerlInterpreter*	perl_alloc()

=for hackers
Found in file perl.c

=item perl_construct

Initializes a new Perl interpreter.  See L<perlembed>.

	void	perl_construct(PerlInterpreter* interp)

=for hackers
Found in file perl.c

=item perl_destruct

Shuts down a Perl interpreter.  See L<perlembed>.

	void	perl_destruct(PerlInterpreter* interp)

=for hackers
Found in file perl.c

=item perl_free

Releases a Perl interpreter.  See L<perlembed>.

	void	perl_free(PerlInterpreter* interp)

=for hackers
Found in file perl.c

=item perl_parse

Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script.  See L<perlembed>.

	int	perl_parse(PerlInterpreter* interp, XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char** argv, char** env)

=for hackers
Found in file perl.c

=item perl_run

Tells a Perl interpreter to run.  See L<perlembed>.

	int	perl_run(PerlInterpreter* interp)

=for hackers
Found in file perl.c

=item PL_modglobal

C<PL_modglobal> is a general purpose, interpreter global HV for use by 
extensions that need to keep information on a per-interpreter basis.
In a pinch, it can also be used as a symbol table for extensions 
to share data among each other.  It is a good idea to use keys 
prefixed by the package name of the extension that owns the data.

	HV*	PL_modglobal

=for hackers
Found in file intrpvar.h

=item PL_na

A convenience variable which is typically used with C<SvPV> when one
doesn't care about the length of the string.  It is usually more efficient
to either declare a local variable and use that instead or to use the
C<SvPV_nolen> macro.

	STRLEN	PL_na

=for hackers
Found in file thrdvar.h

=item PL_sv_no

This is the C<false> SV.  See C<PL_sv_yes>.  Always refer to this as
C<&PL_sv_no>.

	SV	PL_sv_no

=for hackers
Found in file intrpvar.h

=item PL_sv_undef

This is the C<undef> SV.  Always refer to this as C<&PL_sv_undef>.

	SV	PL_sv_undef

=for hackers
Found in file intrpvar.h

=item PL_sv_yes

This is the C<true> SV.  See C<PL_sv_no>.  Always refer to this as
C<&PL_sv_yes>.

	SV	PL_sv_yes

=for hackers
Found in file intrpvar.h

=item POPi

Pops an integer off the stack.

	IV	POPi

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item POPl

Pops a long off the stack.

	long	POPl

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item POPn

Pops a double off the stack.

	NV	POPn

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item POPp

Pops a string off the stack.

	char*	POPp

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item POPs

Pops an SV off the stack.

	SV*	POPs

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item PUSHi

Push an integer onto the stack.  The stack must have room for this element.
Handles 'set' magic.  See C<XPUSHi>.

	void	PUSHi(IV iv)

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item PUSHMARK

Opening bracket for arguments on a callback.  See C<PUTBACK> and
L<perlcall>.

		PUSHMARK;

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item PUSHn

Push a double onto the stack.  The stack must have room for this element.
Handles 'set' magic.  See C<XPUSHn>.

	void	PUSHn(NV nv)

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item PUSHp

Push a string onto the stack.  The stack must have room for this element.
The C<len> indicates the length of the string.  Handles 'set' magic.  See
C<XPUSHp>.

	void	PUSHp(char* str, STRLEN len)

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item PUSHs

Push an SV onto the stack.  The stack must have room for this element.
Does not handle 'set' magic.  See C<XPUSHs>.

	void	PUSHs(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item PUSHu

Push an unsigned integer onto the stack.  The stack must have room for this
element.  See C<XPUSHu>.

	void	PUSHu(UV uv)

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item PUTBACK

Closing bracket for XSUB arguments.  This is usually handled by C<xsubpp>.
See C<PUSHMARK> and L<perlcall> for other uses.

		PUTBACK;

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item Renew

The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<realloc> function.

	void	Renew(void* ptr, int nitems, type)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item Renewc

The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<realloc> function, with
cast.

	void	Renewc(void* ptr, int nitems, type, cast)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item require_pv

Tells Perl to C<require> a module.

NOTE: the perl_ form of this function is deprecated.

	void	require_pv(const char* pv)

=for hackers
Found in file perl.c

=item RETVAL

Variable which is setup by C<xsubpp> to hold the return value for an 
XSUB. This is always the proper type for the XSUB. See 
L<perlxs/"The RETVAL Variable">.

	(whatever)	RETVAL

=for hackers
Found in file XSUB.h

=item Safefree

The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<free> function.

	void	Safefree(void* ptr)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item savepv

Copy a string to a safe spot.  This does not use an SV.

	char*	savepv(const char* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file util.c

=item savepvn

Copy a string to a safe spot.  The C<len> indicates number of bytes to
copy.  This does not use an SV.

	char*	savepvn(const char* sv, I32 len)

=for hackers
Found in file util.c

=item SAVETMPS

Opening bracket for temporaries on a callback.  See C<FREETMPS> and
L<perlcall>.

		SAVETMPS;

=for hackers
Found in file scope.h

=item SP

Stack pointer.  This is usually handled by C<xsubpp>.  See C<dSP> and
C<SPAGAIN>.

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item SPAGAIN

Refetch the stack pointer.  Used after a callback.  See L<perlcall>.

		SPAGAIN;

=for hackers
Found in file pp.h

=item ST

Used to access elements on the XSUB's stack.

	SV*	ST(int ix)

=for hackers
Found in file XSUB.h

=item strEQ

Test two strings to see if they are equal.  Returns true or false.

	bool	strEQ(char* s1, char* s2)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item strGE

Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than or equal to
the second, C<s2>.  Returns true or false.

	bool	strGE(char* s1, char* s2)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item strGT

Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than the second,
C<s2>.  Returns true or false.

	bool	strGT(char* s1, char* s2)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item strLE

Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than or equal to the
second, C<s2>.  Returns true or false.

	bool	strLE(char* s1, char* s2)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item strLT

Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than the second,
C<s2>.  Returns true or false.

	bool	strLT(char* s1, char* s2)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item strNE

Test two strings to see if they are different.  Returns true or
false.

	bool	strNE(char* s1, char* s2)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item strnEQ

Test two strings to see if they are equal.  The C<len> parameter indicates
the number of bytes to compare.  Returns true or false. (A wrapper for
C<strncmp>).

	bool	strnEQ(char* s1, char* s2, STRLEN len)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item strnNE

Test two strings to see if they are different.  The C<len> parameter
indicates the number of bytes to compare.  Returns true or false. (A
wrapper for C<strncmp>).

	bool	strnNE(char* s1, char* s2, STRLEN len)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item StructCopy

This is an architecture-independent macro to copy one structure to another.

	void	StructCopy(type src, type dest, type)

=for hackers
Found in file handy.h

=item SvCUR

Returns the length of the string which is in the SV.  See C<SvLEN>.

	STRLEN	SvCUR(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvCUR_set

Set the length of the string which is in the SV.  See C<SvCUR>.

	void	SvCUR_set(SV* sv, STRLEN len)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvEND

Returns a pointer to the last character in the string which is in the SV.
See C<SvCUR>.  Access the character as *(SvEND(sv)).

	char*	SvEND(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvGETMAGIC

Invokes C<mg_get> on an SV if it has 'get' magic.  This macro evaluates its
argument more than once.

	void	SvGETMAGIC(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvGROW

Expands the character buffer in the SV so that it has room for the
indicated number of bytes (remember to reserve space for an extra trailing
NUL character).  Calls C<sv_grow> to perform the expansion if necessary. 
Returns a pointer to the character buffer.

	void	SvGROW(SV* sv, STRLEN len)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvIOK

Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains an integer.

	bool	SvIOK(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvIOKp

Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains an integer.  Checks
the B<private> setting.  Use C<SvIOK>.

	bool	SvIOKp(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvIOK_notUV

Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains an signed integer.

	void	SvIOK_notUV(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvIOK_off

Unsets the IV status of an SV.

	void	SvIOK_off(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvIOK_on

Tells an SV that it is an integer.

	void	SvIOK_on(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvIOK_only

Tells an SV that it is an integer and disables all other OK bits.

	void	SvIOK_only(SV* sv)

=for hackers
Found in file sv.h

=item SvIOK_only_UV

Tells and SV that it is an unsigned integer and disables all other OK bits.

	void	SvIOK_only_UV(SV* sv)