help.cpp

用于电力系统潮流计算 c++程序

  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -N     Turns off all ac system controls.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -otol  The tolerance 'tol' controls the application of limits during\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the continuation process.  The smaller this value, the more\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                steps required of the continuation method (default 0.000001).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Onum  This option is used together with -m to output ac/dc TEF\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                information during the continuation method to determine\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the energy profiles with the help of MATLAB. The integer\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                'num' corresponds to the number of significant digits in TEF\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                (default and min. 6; max. 10).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                If the system has HVDC links, the program defaults the PI\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                controller gains (Kp and Ki) of all HVDC converters for dc \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                computations to 'typical' values of Ki=75 and Kp=1.  These\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                values can later be changed in the MATLAB output file.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                The program also generates two MATLAB '.m' files needed for\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                plotting and computation of the ac/dc energy function, namely,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                'addtotef.m' (only if dc lines present) and 'tefprof.m'.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -p     Turns off P and Q limits in regulating transformers.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -P     Turns off P and Q control by regulating transformers.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -q     Turns off Q limits in PV buses.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -qx    Turns off V limits in reactance-controlled (BX) buses.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                These buses are defined in the ETMSP/EPRI/BPA input data file.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -qz    Turns off Q limits in reactance-controlled (BZ) buses.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                These buses are defined in the Italian ADD input data file.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Q     Turns off remote voltage generator control.  Generators\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                will control their terminal voltages at their given values.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -QX    Turns off remote voltage control in reactance-controlled (BX)\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                buses.  The local bus voltage will be used for the control.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -r     Turns off V limits in regulating transformers and PV buses.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -R     Turns off V control by regulating transformers.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -s     Suppress ASCII output_file.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Sval  Stop value 'val' for the loading factor lambda in the continua-\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                tion method (-c and -H options), in p.u. of the maximum lambda.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                The default is 0 for a complete trace of the bifurcation\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                diagram (min. 0; max. 1, i.e., lambda maximum).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -ttol  If the relative error of two consecutive iteration mismatches\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                is larger than 'tol', voltage limits and regulating transformer\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                limits are applied (default 0.1).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Ttol  P.U. tolerance 'tol' for N-R method (default 1e-4).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -uval  Value 'val' of the tolerance used to reduce the number of equa-\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                tions in the continuation method (-c and -H options), based on\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the tangent vector technique.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                The default is 1e-3 (min. 0 or no reduction, max. 0.2).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                WARNING: This option might produce cycling, back-tracking, or\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                         singularity problems. If this happens, increase the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                         number of steps in the -U option and/or reduce the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                         value of 'val' in -u. \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Unum  Number 'num' of steps of the continuation method (-c and -H\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                options) between system reductions.  Used with the -u option.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                The default number is 10 (min. 2, max. 100).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -vmag  Voltage magnitude 'mag' at the first PQ bus (unless otherwise\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                specified by -B option) to find the corresponding lambda\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                for voltage collapse studies.  Must be used with -K option.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Vfile Read initial guesses for ac and dc variables from 'file'.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                The data must be separated by spaces, i.e.,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                BusNumber BusName V_mag V_ang(deg), for ac buses, and\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                BusNumber BusName Variables Values, for dc buses.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                For defining the dc variable, use the same EPRI format used\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                to define the control modes in the dc lines (e.g., ALGAPA,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                would represent the dc variables Alpha, Gamma and Power);\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the values must be given in standard units, i.e., MW, MVAR, KV,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                Amp, deg.  If the input variables are unknown give them a value\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                of zero.  If BusName has spaces, wrap it in double or single\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                quotes.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                If no 'file' name is given, the system is given a 'flat' start.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -wfile Write solved case into 'file' using IEEE CARD common format.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Wfile Similar to -w option, but the solved case is written in 'file'\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                using IEEE TAPE common format.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -x     Do not use the distributed slack bus concept during the solution\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                process, i.e., use only one slack bus.  The generator powers\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                change based only on the direction defined in the K file and\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the load level, as defined by the loading factor lambda.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -X     Do not enforce maximum active generation limits (PgMax).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                See -K option.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -yfile Print in 'file' an approximation of the left e-vector of the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                smallest real |e-value| at the current operating point.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                Works with the -c/-H and -z options as well.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Yfile Print in 'file' an approximation of the right e-vector of the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                smallest real |e-value| at the current operating point.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                Works with the -c/-H and -z options as well.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -znum  Stop continuation method after 'num' steps.  Together with the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                -Z option, it can be used to print a tangent vector for a\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                particular value of the loading parameter lambda.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -Zfile Print in 'file' the normalized tangent vector to the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                bifurcation manifold at step 'num' of the continuation method\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                (as defined by -z).  It is used with the -c or -H options.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -0name Print in MATLAB format the Jacobian matrices needed to compute\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                several voltage stability indices. These matrices are printed\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                in the files 'name#.m', where # stands for the step number in\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the continuation method (-c or -H options).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                A file 'name.m' is also created with all the MATLAB\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                instructions to compute and plot 6 distinct indices:\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                   * Minimum |e-value| and singular value for full matrix.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                   * Minimum |e-value| and singular value for reduced Q matrix.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                   * Test function and reduced determinant for a given bus\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                     (-1 option).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                The program generates the MATLAB 'inviter.m' file needed for\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the computation of these indices.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                WARNING: This option generates a lot of output files that might\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                         clutter your system; it must be used with caution.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -1num  Used with -0 option, and defines the load bus at which the test\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                functions are computed.  If this option is not used, or if the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                bus 'num' does not correspond to a load bus, the program\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                chooses the bus with the maximum voltage entry in the initial\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                tangent vector.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -2num  Define the number 'num' of steps used to determine the\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                change of direction of the loading parameter lambda in\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                the continuation method (-c or -H options) due to voltages\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                increasing after Q-limits are encountered (default 5).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -3file Read generator steady-state data from 'file' using free format:\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                BusNumber BusName Ra Xd Xq Ia_max Eq_max Eq_min\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                For BusNames with spaces, wrap the word in double or single\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                quotes.  The program uses either the BusNumber or the BusName\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                to identify the bus; if one of this is not known, give it a 0\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                value.  For round-rotor machines, make Xd=Xq, or define Xq=0.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                The program assumes the following default values: Ra=0, Xq=<Xd,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                Ia_max=large, Eq_max=large, Eq_min=0.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -4     Turns off Eq limits in all generators.  See -3 option.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -5     Turns off Ia limits in all generators.  See -3 option.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -6file AC input data in ITALIAN format. If 'file' name is given,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                a COLAS ADD file is read, which defines: new bus kV levels; \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                min. and max. bus voltages; load voltage coefficients 'a' and \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                and 'b', i.e.,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                     Pl=(Pn+Pnl*lambda)*V^a \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                     Ql=(Qn+Qnl*lambda)*V^b \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                pilot nodes and generators for secondary voltage control \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                (-# option); and generator and load directions. \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                This file may be used instead of the -K and -D files; however,\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                these files take precedence over the ADD file in defining \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                similar variables for collapse studies.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -7     Enforce Vmax and Vmin on system buses during the continuation\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                process (-c or -H options).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -8     Enforce Imax limits on transmission elements during the \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                continuation process (-c or -H options).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -9     Do not enforce maximum power generation limits (Smax).\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                See -K option.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -$val  Define the base power value 'val', overriding the value given\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                in the input data file.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"         -#     Use secondary voltage control as defined by ENEL, i.e., remote\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                voltage control of pilot buses by generators with participation\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                factors defined as: \n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                  * over-excited  -> q_i=Qmax_i/Sum Qmax of pilot bus gens.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"                  * under-excited -> q_i=Qmin_i/Sum Qmin of pilot bus gens.\n");
  fprintf(stdout,"\n");
  if (!NullName(Msg)) exit(ERROREXIT); else exit(NORMALEXIT);
}