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📁 通讯类的标准。对要开发SS7的朋友有很大帮助的。（通讯协议）
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<DIV class=im1><IMG height=310 src="1_17.files/001_17_2.jpg" width=559 
border=0></DIV><!-- text starts here --><SPAN class=ps0><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>8. 
<SPAN class=em2>业界附加的错误代码</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps1><NOBR>考虑到其他设备报告特定错误的需要，工业界和标准组正在扩大当前的错误代码集合。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps2><NOBR>一种<SPAN class=em0>MGCP</SPAN>没有明确指出的这样的设备是</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps3><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>PBX<SPAN class=em1>。</SPAN>PBX<SPAN 
class=em1>的变种主要有四种：&nbsp;<SPAN class=em0>Wink 
Start</SPAN>、</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps4><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>Immediate Start<SPAN class=em1>、</SPAN>Ground Start<SPAN 
class=em1>和</SPAN>Loop Start<SPAN class=em1>。信令也是通过旧式的强占位</SPAN>A/B<SPAN 
class=em1>信令的</SPAN>CAS<SPAN class=em1>方式、</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps5><NOBR>或者通过<SPAN class=em0>PRIQ.931</SPAN>信令方式发送。新的错误代码将包含<SPAN 
class=em0>PBX</SPAN>干线出错的特定的报告信息，对</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps6><NOBR>网关内部出错原因也可能有进一步的认识。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps7><NOBR>在第一次使用基于<SPAN 
class=em0>SGCP</SPAN>的文本协议时，设计人员面临的一个很严重的问题是呼叫建立和</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps8><NOBR>维护的健壮性和可靠性问题。<SPAN 
class=em0>S/MGCP</SPAN>本身是个没有状态的协议，这意味着两个端点之间的每</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps9><NOBR>次协议握手都是自治的，不依赖于下一次或随后的握手信息。在后面讨论<SPAN 
class=em0>S/MGCP</SPAN>的呼叫流时，</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps10><NOBR>我们将有意插入一些错误，看看呼叫的每一步中可能发生什么动作。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps11><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>9. <SPAN class=em2>关于</SPAN>NotifiedEntity<SPAN 
class=em2>参数</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps12><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>NotifiedEntity<SPAN class=em1>参数可由介质网关控制器通过</SPAN>NTFY<SPAN 
class=em1>命令发给</SPAN>MG<SPAN class=em1>。</SPAN>MGC<SPAN 
class=em1>可能是由多处理机</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps13><NOBR>实现的系统，带有多个<SPAN class=em0>IP </SPAN>地址。控制呼叫建立的<SPAN 
class=em0>MGC</SPAN>可能不是处理请求事件通知的处理器，</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps14><NOBR>原因可能是<SPAN 
class=em0>MGC</SPAN>设计中的可靠性、负载平衡、或者只是规模大小的考虑。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps15><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>10. S/MGCP<SPAN 
class=em2>信令参考图</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps16><NOBR>图<SPAN 
class=em0>1-6</SPAN>中是简单的拓扑图，它显示了一个<SPAN class=em0>MGC</SPAN>连接两个<SPAN 
class=em0>MG<SPAN class=em1>，</SPAN></SPAN>以及它们各自的端点。<SPAN 
class=em0>MGC</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps17><NOBR>和<SPAN 
class=em0>MG</SPAN>之间的路由网络的复杂性和精确性可能不同，这种网络的构造超出了本书的范围。第<SPAN 
class=em0>3</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps18><NOBR>章中的呼叫流包含有同一个<SPAN 
class=em0>MGC</SPAN>服务的两个用户间的基本呼叫，以及与其他信令协议更为复</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps19><NOBR>杂的交互。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps20><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft2>图<SPAN class=em3>1-6 
&nbsp;&nbsp;S/MGCP</SPAN>信令的参考图</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps21><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>11. <SPAN class=em2>使用</SPAN>SDP<SPAN 
class=em2>描述会话</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps22><NOBR>为了完成一个呼叫，<SPAN 
class=em0>MGC</SPAN>需要为端点提供连接参数的说明，如<SPAN class=em0>IP</SPAN>地址、<SPAN 
class=em0>UDP</SPAN>端口号、介</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps23><NOBR>质格式描述和打包方式等。这些会话说明包含在<SPAN class=em0>CRCX</SPAN>和<SPAN 
class=em0>MDCX</SPAN>命令中，它们的语法规则符</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps24><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>第<SPAN class=em4>1</SPAN>章<SPAN 
class=em4>IP</SPAN>语音和交互应用的协议</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps25><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft4>17</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps26><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft5>文档</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps27><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft6>电话</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps28><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft6>路由网络</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps29><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>RTP<SPAN class=em5>介质流</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps30><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>调制解调器</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps31><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>电话</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps32><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>传真</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> </BODY></HTML>
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