📄 001_25.htm

📁 通讯类的标准。对要开发SS7的朋友有很大帮助的。（通讯协议）
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<DIV class=im1><IMG height=438 src="001_25.files/001_25_2.jpg" width=490 
border=0></DIV><!-- text starts here --><SPAN class=ps0><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>制协议，两者都将在第<SPAN class=em1>2</SPAN>章中详细讨论。</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps1><NOBR><SPAN class=ft1>图<SPAN class=em3>1-11 
&nbsp;&nbsp;H.323</SPAN>协议栈和协议协作结构</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps2><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>协议栈将<SPAN class=em1>H.225.0</SPAN>分为在<SPAN 
class=em1>UDP</SPAN>上运行<SPAN class=em1>RAS<SPAN class=em0>，</SPAN></SPAN>而<SPAN 
class=em1>TCP</SPAN>用于呼叫信令。<SPAN class=em1>H.245</SPAN>只是在<SPAN 
class=em1>TCP</SPAN>之上运</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps3><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>行。<SPAN 
class=em1>H.323</SPAN>的目标是在非稳定环境下保持呼叫控制的健壮性。这是以呼叫建立的某些性能降低</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps4><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>为代价，并使网段核心的实现复杂化，如<SPAN 
class=em1>GK</SPAN>和<SPAN class=em1>GW</SPAN>。<SPAN 
class=em1>TCP</SPAN>提供了呼叫信令的确定方法，但是</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps5><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>附加了一些性能限制，这些限制可能不为<SPAN 
class=em1>WAN</SPAN>电话技术所接受。关守必须保证在呼叫期间所</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps6><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>有的<SPAN 
class=em1>TCP</SPAN>连接通畅，以保证呼叫的持久。有关向低层信道发送信令的短暂问题会导致<SPAN 
class=em1>TCP</SPAN>连接</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps7><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>的丢失，从而使得呼叫中断。这对于非高质量损失语音电话而言可能是可以接受的，但是当</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps8><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>目标是在分布式信令域中达到载波质量时，问题就出现了。</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps9><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>关于<SPAN class=em1>S/MGCP</SPAN>和<SPAN 
class=em1>SIP</SPAN>协议的一种主张是，它是非常简化的呼叫模型。这在大多数情况下是</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps10><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>正确的，但是简化也要付出相应的代价。我们将在<SPAN 
class=em1>H.323</SPAN>呼叫模型中讨论这个问题，以及其他</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps11><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>类似问题。<SPAN class=em1>H.323</SPAN>协议在使用<SPAN 
class=em1>IP</SPAN>层时没有警告，也就是说，它没有专门的到<SPAN 
class=em1>IP</SPAN>的扩展。对于</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps12><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft2>QoS<SPAN class=em0>路由，<SPAN class=em1>H.323</SPAN>建议使用保留协议（<SPAN 
class=em1>ReSerVation Protocol</SPAN>，<SPAN 
class=em1>RSVP</SPAN>），它在</SPAN>RFC2205<SPAN 
class=em0>中定义，</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps13><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>但是在大多数网络中并没有被广泛采用。我们将在第<SPAN class=em1>2</SPAN>章中讨论增强性能和可靠性的<SPAN 
class=em1>RSVP</SPAN>和</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps14><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>多协议标记交换（<SPAN class=em1>Multi-Protocol Label Switching</SPAN>，<SPAN 
class=em1>MPLS</SPAN>）。</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps15><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>链路层协议可以是<SPAN class=em1>ATM<SPAN class=em0>，</SPAN></SPAN>而且在<SPAN 
class=em1>H.323</SPAN>应用信令中<SPAN class=em1>ATM</SPAN>的使用正在增加。在<SPAN 
class=em1>LAN</SPAN>中，名</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps16><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft0>义上的链路层协议是<SPAN class=em1>Ethernet<SPAN 
class=em0>，</SPAN></SPAN>然而基于<SPAN class=em1>ATM</SPAN>的技术，如<SPAN 
class=em1>LAN</SPAN>仿真、<SPAN class=em1>ATM</SPAN>上的多协议（<SPAN 
class=em1>Multi-</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps17><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>第<SPAN class=em4>1</SPAN>章<SPAN 
class=em4>IP</SPAN>语音和交互应用的协议</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps18><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft4>25</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps19><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft5>文档</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps20><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft6>音频、视频的<SPAN class=em5>H.323</SPAN>范围</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps21><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>终端控制和管理</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps22><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>注释：G.nnn=ITU-T，G系列编码解码器</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps23><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>连接区域中的组件的包网络</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps24><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>音频/视频</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps25><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>应用</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps26><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>协议映射功能</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps27><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>链路层</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps28><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>链路层</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps29><NOBR><SPAN class=ft7>IP<SPAN class=em2>层</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps30><NOBR><SPAN class=ft7>H.225.0</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps31><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>终端到<SPAN 
class=em5>GK</SPAN>的</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps32><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft6>信令<SPAN class=em5>(RAS)</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps33><NOBR><SPAN class=ft7>H.225.0</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps34><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>呼叫信令</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps35><NOBR><SPAN class=ft7>H.245</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps36><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>逻辑信道</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps37><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>信令</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps38><NOBR><SPAN class=ft6>其他信令协议栈<SPAN 
class=em5>(</SPAN>如</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps39><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>SS7<SPAN class=em2>，</SPAN>S/MGCP<SPAN 
class=em2>等</SPAN>)</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> </BODY></HTML>
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