📄 001_10.htm

📁 通讯类的标准。对要开发SS7的朋友有很大帮助的。（通讯协议）
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<DIV class=im4><IMG height=9 src="1_10.files/001_2_10_5.jpg" width=8 
border=0></DIV><!-- text starts here --><SPAN class=ps0><NOBR>（<SPAN 
class=em0>Local Number Portability</SPAN>，<SPAN 
class=em0>LNP</SPAN>），以及其他电话特性。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps1><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft1>ISUP<SPAN 
class=em3>是北美使用的协议，它定义了电路交换网络的控制。总而言之，它支持模拟和数字</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps2><NOBR>电话的发送者服务；它还可以转换<SPAN class=em0>Q.931</SPAN>信息以支持<SPAN 
class=em0>ISDN</SPAN>的端到端用户，并为模拟<SPAN class=em0>POTS</SPAN>客户</NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps3><NOBR>提供直接的信令服务。我们将着重讨论那些使用混合网络电话的例子，在这些例子中存在</NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps4><NOBR><SPAN class=ft1>IP</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps5><NOBR>和<SPAN class=em0>ISUP</SPAN>信令的交互。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps6><NOBR><SPAN class=ft1>VoIP<SPAN 
class=em3>电话的详细模型中存在干线网关、</SPAN>SS7/ISUP<SPAN class=em3>信令网关、</SPAN>CAS/MF<SPAN 
class=em3>网关、</SPAN>ISDN<SPAN class=em3>信令网</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps7><NOBR>关和<SPAN class=em0>ATM</SPAN>网关。图<SPAN 
class=em0>1-5</SPAN>中显示的是一个这样的复合参考模型。在本章后面的讨论中，将信令</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps8><NOBR>协议映射到参考模型上，并通过呼叫建立、维护、撤销等例子分析它们的操作和动态特性。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps9><NOBR><SPAN class=ft2>图<SPAN class=em4>1-5 
&nbsp;&nbsp;VoIP/PSTN</SPAN>接入的复合参考模型</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps10><NOBR>该模型包含一个<SPAN class=em0>CO</SPAN>交换机，它通过干线和信令链路连到<SPAN 
class=em0>PSTN</SPAN>网关上。<SPAN class=em0>PSTN</SPAN>网关和<SPAN 
class=em0>CO</SPAN>之</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps11><NOBR>间的信令通过<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>或者<SPAN class=em0>CAS</SPAN>完成。信令网关处理带外信令，而<SPAN 
class=em0>PSTN</SPAN>网关中也可以包含这种功</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps12><NOBR>能。信令在<SPAN 
class=em0>PSTN</SPAN>网关间完成，介质网关控制器与信令网关都可以是基于标准的，但是最有可</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps13><NOBR>能的情况是，它是专门用于优化该平台提供的特性的性能。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps14><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>信令网关与M GC</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps15><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>可在一个集中式的计算平台上实现，也可以作为分布式系统的一</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps16><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>部分实现。</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps17><NOBR>到客户范围的信令和介质基于很多物理层的技术。在住宅应用中大部分是基于电缆或是</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps18><NOBR><SPAN class=ft1>ADSL<SPAN 
class=em3>。对于商业应用，主流技术则是</SPAN>T1<SPAN class=em3>、</SPAN>T3<SPAN 
class=em3>和高带宽的光纤。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps19><NOBR>现在可以开始讨论<SPAN class=em0>VoIP</SPAN>技术中使用的具体信令协议，首先是<SPAN 
class=em0>S/MGCP</SPAN>。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps20><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft4>1.2 &nbsp;&nbsp;SGCP<SPAN class=em5>、</SPAN>MGCP<SPAN 
class=em5>和</SPAN>NCS<SPAN class=em5>简介</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps21><NOBR><SPAN class=ft1>SGCP</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps22><NOBR>是最初的简单网关控制协议（<SPAN class=em0>Simple Gateway Control 
Protocol</SPAN>，<SPAN class=em0>SGCP</SPAN>），于<SPAN 
class=em0>1998</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps23><NOBR>年起草提交给<SPAN 
class=em0>IETF</SPAN>。该标准定义了一个从外部呼叫控制部件，如介质网关控制器，来控制</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps24><NOBR><SPAN class=ft1>VoIP<SPAN class=em3>介质网关的文本的协议。</SPAN>SGCP<SPAN 
class=em3>假定了一个呼叫控制结构，其中呼叫控制“智能部分”在</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps25><NOBR><SPAN class=ft5>10&nbsp;&nbsp;<SPAN class=em1>IP </SPAN><SPAN 
class=em6>电话技术：稳定的</SPAN><SPAN class=em1>VoIP</SPAN><SPAN 
class=em6>服务集成</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps26><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft6>文档</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps27><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>信令网关</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps28><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft8>PSTN</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps29><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>网关平台</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps30><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft8>SS7/ISUP</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps31><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft8>TDM<SPAN class=em7>干线</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps32><NOBR><SPAN class=ft8>CAS</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps33><NOBR><SPAN class=ft8>CO</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps34><NOBR><SPAN class=ft8>5<SPAN 
class=em7>类交换机</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps35><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>介质网关控制器</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps36><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>信令</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps37><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>信令</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps38><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>到用户范围</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps39><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft7>介质传输</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps40><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft9>Mauricio Arango, Christian Huitema<SPAN class=em2>，</SPAN><SPAN 
class=em2>版本</SPAN>1.1<SPAN class=em2>。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> 
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