📄 003_1.htm

📁 通讯类的标准。对要开发SS7的朋友有很大帮助的。（通讯协议）
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<DIV 
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class=ps0><NOBR><SPAN class=ft0>文档</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps1><NOBR><SPAN class=ft1>第<SPAN 
class=em2>3</SPAN>章&nbsp;语音电话的基本呼叫控制</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps2><NOBR>在前几章中讨论了<SPAN 
class=em0>VoIP</SPAN>网络的信令基础与介质传输机制，还了解了中央局与用户端前级</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps3><NOBR>设备间的参考拓扑与基本呼叫流程。现在简要介绍<SPAN 
class=em0>PSTN</SPAN>建立与终止呼叫的信令机制，并讨论</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps4><NOBR>存在信令交互作用的网络边界上的一些基本信令交换。在本章中，首先讨论信令系统</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps5><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>7</SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps6><NOBR>（<SPAN class=em0>Signaling System 7</SPAN>，<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>）的基本内容，然后再讨论使用不同信令机制网络的基本呼叫流程。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps7><NOBR><SPAN class=ft4>3.1 &nbsp;SS7<SPAN 
class=em3>概述</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps8><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>SS7<SPAN class=em1>是目前北美公用网中用以建立与终止电话呼叫的协议套。</SPAN>SS7<SPAN 
class=em1>应用于包交换网络，这</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps9><NOBR>种网络大多数情况下使用专用的链路、节点和设备。通常，<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>是非关联的、公共信道、带外</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps10><NOBR>信令网络。但是，<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>又可以在携带语音流量的链路上，经过真实的或虚拟的电路传输。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps11><NOBR>在文献中，关于<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>的报道相当多，阐述详实充分。读者有兴趣的话，可以从参考文献中</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps12><NOBR>找到有关<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>的深入描述，其中每个协议都有很详细的说明。这里只关注基本的信令功能和</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps13><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>SS7<SPAN class=em1>的接口，因为在实现</SPAN>IP<SPAN 
class=em1>电话与</SPAN>PSTN<SPAN class=em1>互连时会用到这些概念。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps14><NOBR><SPAN class=ft5>SS7<SPAN 
class=em4>网络拓扑</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps15><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>SS7<SPAN 
class=em1>网络拓扑由三种组件构成。在网络中，它们以某种方式排列起来，在提供电话服务时，</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> 
<SPAN class=ps16><NOBR>能以最大的稳定性、灵活性和速度完成一些任务。<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>所提供信令容量的基本要素包括：</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps17><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>&#8226; <SPAN class=em1>在电话用户之间建立与终止呼叫。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps18><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>&#8226; <SPAN 
class=em1>访问中枢系统，获得与完成电话呼叫直接或间接相关的用户信息。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps19><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>&#8226; <SPAN 
class=em1>访问中枢系统，获得用户计费信息。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps20><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>&#8226; <SPAN 
class=em1>访问中枢系统，解释免费号码、收费号码以及其他高级网络功能。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps21><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>&#8226; <SPAN 
class=em1>支持移动网络功能，例如无线漫游和认证。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps22><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>&#8226; <SPAN class=em1>支持本地号码可移植性（<SPAN 
class=em0>Local Number Portability</SPAN>，<SPAN 
class=em0>LNP</SPAN>），使用户在不改变电话号码的</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps23><NOBR>情况下选择不同的电话公司。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps24><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>&#8226; <SPAN 
class=em1>提供高级电话服务功能，例如呼叫转移、呼叫方名称与号码识别、以及三方呼叫。</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps25><NOBR>图<SPAN class=em0>3-1a</SPAN>中是<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>信令网的组件，图<SPAN class=em0>3-1b</SPAN>中是使用这些组件的一个简化拓扑。<SPAN 
class=em0>SSP</SPAN>是提供电</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps26><NOBR>话服务的本地交换机。其组成包括语音交换机以及监视管理设备，这些设备能够监管与其他</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps27><NOBR>交换机相连的电路和干线。<SPAN class=em0>SSP</SPAN>也可以是级连的。<SPAN 
class=em0>SSP</SPAN>与其他<SPAN class=em0>SSP</SPAN>通过<SPAN 
class=em0>SS7</SPAN>网络通信，建立与终</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps28><NOBR>止呼叫。<SPAN 
class=em0>SSP</SPAN>还有接口可以访问中枢系统的设置、计费、性能监测、错误报告和技术支持功能。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps29><NOBR>这些中枢系统的功能合称为<SPAN class=em0>FCAPS<SPAN 
class=em1>，</SPAN></SPAN>即故障（<SPAN class=em0>Failure</SPAN>）、配置（<SPAN 
class=em0>Configuration</SPAN>）、记帐</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps30><NOBR>（<SPAN 
class=em0>Accounting</SPAN>）、性能（<SPAN class=em0>Performance</SPAN>）和安全（<SPAN 
class=em0>Security</SPAN>）。</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN class=ps31><NOBR><SPAN 
class=ft3>SSP<SPAN class=em1>分配有点码（<SPAN class=em0>PC</SPAN>，<SPAN 
class=em0>Point Code</SPAN>），这是在</SPAN>SS7<SPAN 
class=em1>网络中惟一标识它们的</SPAN>ID<SPAN class=em1>。大部分</SPAN>SSP<SPAN 
class=em1>只</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps32><NOBR>有一个点码，但是在包电话的实现需要可能会出现以个<SPAN 
class=em0>SSP</SPAN>对应多个点码。现在的国际信令节</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps33><NOBR>点情况正是如此，它有两个点码，一个用于国内，一个用于国际标识。点码在北美网络中是</NOBR></SPAN> <SPAN 
class=ps34><NOBR><SPAN class=ft3>24<SPAN class=em1>位数字，而在使用</SPAN>ITU<SPAN 
class=em1>版本的</SPAN>SS7<SPAN class=em1>网络中则是</SPAN>14<SPAN 
class=em1>位数字。所以北美网络与</SPAN>ITU<SPAN 
class=em1>兼容网络之间</SPAN></SPAN></NOBR></SPAN> </BODY></HTML>
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