notes.txt

开放源码的编译器open watcom 1.6.0版的源代码

			Implementation Notes
			********************

To compile DOS/32A DOS Extender use Turbo Assembler (TASM) 4.0 or better.


General Notes
*************

DOS/32A is built up of three different parts, that are split up into three
different segments: _ID32, _KERNEL and _TEXT16. An additional segment, _STACK,
is used by the DOS Extender as a local stack.

The _ID32 segment contains DOS/32A built-in configuration which can be
changed by SUNSYS Setup Utility. The segment is located at 0080h by default,
and is 128 bytes long including the copyright message and time-stamp.

_ID32 is followed by the _KERNEL segment, which contains DOS/32A built-in DPMI
Kernel and initialization routines that determine CPU, FPU, System type
(INT 15h, XMS, VCPI or DPMI) etc. It is from here DOS/32A provides DPMI
services through INT 31h.

_TEXT16 segment, which follows the _KERNEL, contains the main code of the DOS
Extender. This segment includes initialization routines, configuration
routines and entry points for extended INT 10h, INT 21h and INT 33h. It also
contains the LE/LX/LC loader.

When the documentation refers to "Kernel" it acually means the _KERNEL segment,
likewise "Client" means the _TEXT16 segment.



DOS/32A Memory Map Layout
*************************

This diagram shows what the memory looks like when the DOS Extender is loaded
and executed by the Operating System:


	Memory Area Description		Length	Comment
	=======================		======	=======

	+-----------------------+
	|	PSP		|	0200h - Program Segment Prefix
	+-----------------------+
	+-----------------------+
	|	ID32 		|	0080h - DOS/32A ID32 Header
	+-----------------------+
*[1]	|			|	xxxxh - DOS/32A built-in ADPMI host
	|	Kernel		|
	|			|
	+-----------------------+
	|			|	xxxxh - DOS/32A DOS Extender client
	|	Client		|
	|			|
	+-----------------------+
*[2]	|-	Stack	       -|	0800h - DOS/32A internal stack
	+-----------------------+
	|	RM INT Table	|	0400h - copy of Real Mode Interrupts
	+-----------------------+
*[3]	|	DPMI host data	|	xxxxh -	present DPMI host private data
	//			//
	|			|
	+-----------------------+
	|  DOS Transfer Buffer	|	xxxxh -	DOS Transfer Buffer
	//			//
	|			|
	+-----------------------+
	+-----------------------+
	|  Free DOS Memory	|	xxxxh - Free DOS memory available for
	|			|		DOS programs
	//			//
	|			|
	|			|
	+-----------------------+



[1] Kernel Note
***************

When DOS/32A has recognized the system software to be DPMI, it will remove
its own built-in DPMI from memory by copying the Client code (the whole
segment) to the upper memory location overwriting Kernel, to free up some
conventional memory. See "dos32a.asm" for more info.



[2] Stack Structure Note
************************

The local stack (ie DOS/32A own stack) is used by the DOS Extender when
loading executable image, as well as a temporary buffer for Mouse Callback,
local DTA and Mouse Shape Buffer (used when mouse functions are called):


Offset	Stack Area Description		Comments
======	======================		========

+0000h	+-----------------------+ <- Top of stack (lower address)
	| Space used by Loader	|
	|			|
+0040h	+-----------------------+
	| Mouse Callback Struct.|
	|			|
+0100h	+-----------------------+
	| Local DTA Structure	|
	|			|
+0180h	+-----------------------+
	| Local Mouse ShapeBuf	|
	|			|
	//			//
	|			|
+07FFh	+-----------------------+ <- Bottom of stack (higher address)


In order to save some conventional memory, DOS/32A (Client) will allocate
certain local variables at the very top of stack. DOS/32A will also reuse
its own memory space occupied by executable code to allocate additional
variables, when that code has been executed and is no longer needed. See the
source code for more information.


[3] DOS/32A built-in DPMI structure map
***************************************

This diagram shows the memory map of the built-in DPMI server:


Size	DPMI Area Description		Comments
====	=====================		========

	+-----------------------+
1000h	|  VCPI Page Dir	|	VCPI PageDir (if sys_type == VCPI,
	|			|	 otherwise N/A)
	+-----------------------+
????h	|  VCPI Page Tables	|	VCPI PageTables, # determind at runtime
	|			|	(if sys_type == VCPI, otherwise N/A)
	//			//
	|			|
	+-----------------------+
????h	|  VCPI Phys Tables	|	VCPI PageTables for phys. mem. mapping
	|			|	( --//--, --//-- N/A)
	//			//
	|			|
	+-----------------------+
	| VCPI TSS		|
	|			|
	+-----------------------+




The below diagram is common for Clean, XMS and VCPI

	+-----------------------+
0800h	|  IDT			|	Interrupt Descriptor Table
	+-----------------------+
????h	|  RM stacks		|	Real Mode stack structure for use
	//			//	when passing interrupts down
	|			|	(# of stacks configurable)
	+-----------------------+
????h	|  PM stacks		|	Prot. Mode stack structure for use
	//			//	when passing interrupts up
	|			|	(# of stacks configurable)
	+-----------------------+
????h	|  Callbacks		|	Allocated Callbacks
	//			//	(# of Callbacks configurable)
	|			|
	+-----------------------+
????h	|  GDT			|	Global Descriptor Table containing
	//			//	Selectors (initially reset to 0)
	|			|	(# of Selectors configurable)
	+-----------------------+

For more information see "KERNEL\init.asm" file.





[end of notes]