clibover.gml

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.fdend
.np
For related functions see the sections
.us Conversion Functions
(conversions to and from strings),
.us Time Functions
(formatting of dates and times), and
.us Memory Manipulation Functions
(operate on arrays without terminating null character).
.*======================================================================
.section Wide String Manipulation Functions
.*
.np
.ix '&Wide'
.ix '&Multibyte'
A
.us wide string
is an array of wide characters (with type
.id wchar_t
.ct ) that is terminated with an extra null wide character
.mono (L'\0').
Functions are passed only the address of the string since the size
can be determined by searching for the terminating character.
.if '&machsys' ne 'PP' .do begin
The functions that begin with "_f" accept
.id far
pointers as their arguments allowing manipulation of any memory location
regardless of which memory model your program has been compiled for.
.do end
.fdbeg
.fd *fun="_bwprintf" formatted wide character transmission to fixed-length wcsing
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcscat" concatenate two far strings
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcschr" locate character in far string
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcscmp" compare two far strings
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcscpy" copy far string
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcscspn" get number of string characters not from a set of characters
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsicmp" compare two far strings with case insensitivity
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcslen" length of a far string
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcslwr" convert far string to lowercase
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsncat" concatenate two far strings, up to a maximum length
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsncmp" compare two far strings up to maximum length
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsncpy" copy a far string, up to a maximum length
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsnicmp" compare two far strings with case insensitivity up to a maximum length
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsnset" fill far string with character to a maximum length
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcspbrk" locate occurrence of a string within a second string
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsrchr" locate last occurrence of character from a character set
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsrev" reverse a far string in place
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsset" fill far string with a character
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsspn" find number of characters at start of string which are also in a second string
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsstr" find first occurrence of string in second string
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcstok" get next token from a far string
:cmt. .fd *fun="_fwcsupr" convert far string to uppercase
.fd *fun="swprintf" formatted wide character transmission to string
.fd *fun="swscanf" scan from wide character string under format control
.fd *fun="_vbwprintf" same as "_bwprintf" but with variable arguments
.fd *fun="vswscanf" same as "swscanf" but with variable arguments
.fd *fun="wcscat" concatenate string
.fd *fun="wcschr" locate character in string
.fd *fun="wcscmp" compare two strings
.fd *fun="wcscmpi" compare two strings with case insensitivity
.fd *fun="wcscoll" compare two strings using "locale" collating sequence
.fd *fun="wcscpy" copy a string
.fd *fun="wcscspn" get number of string characters not from a set of characters
.fd *fun="_wcsdec" returns pointer to the previous character in string
.fd *fun="_wcsdup" allocate and duplicate a string
.fd *fun="wcserror" get error message as string
.fd *fun="_wcsicmp" compare two strings with case insensitivity
.fd *fun="_wcsinc" return pointer to next character in string
.fd *fun="wcslcat" concatenate string into a bounded buffer
.fd *fun="wcslcpy" copy string into a bounded buffer
.fd *fun="wcslen" string length
.fd *fun="_wcslwr" convert string to lowercase
.fd *fun="wcsncat" concatenate two strings, up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="wcsncmp" compare two strings up to maximum length
.fd *fun="_wcsncnt" count the number of characters in the first "n" bytes
.fd *fun="wcsncpy" copy a string, up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_wcsnextc" return integer value of the next multibyte-character in string
.fd *fun="_wcsnicmp" compare two strings with case insensitivity up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_wcsninc" increment wide character pointer by "n" characters
.fd *fun="_wcsnset" fill string with character to a maximum length
.fd *fun="wcspbrk" locate occurrence of a string within a second string
.fd *fun="wcsrchr" locate last occurrence of character from a character set
.fd *fun="_wcsrev" reverse a string in place
.fd *fun="_wcsset" fill string with a character
.fd *fun="wcsspn" find number of characters at start of string which are also in a second string
.fd *fun="_wcsspnp" return pointer to first character of string not in set
.fd *fun="wcsstr" find first occurrence of string in second string
.fd *fun="wcstok" get next token from string
.fd *fun="_wcsupr" convert string to uppercase
.fd *fun="wcsxfrm" transform string to locale's collating sequence
.fdend
.np
For related functions see the sections
.us Conversion Functions
(conversions to and from strings),
.us Time Functions
(formatting of dates and times), and
.us Memory Manipulation Functions
(operate on arrays without terminating null character).
.*======================================================================
.section Multibyte String Manipulation Functions
.*
.np
.ix '&Wide'
.ix '&Multibyte'
A
.us wide string
is an array of wide characters (with type
.id wchar_t
.ct ) that is terminated with an extra null wide character
.mono (L'\0').
Functions are passed only the address of the wide string since the
size can be determined by searching for the terminating character.
.if '&machsys' ne 'PP' .do begin
The functions that begin with "_f" accept
.id far
pointers as their arguments allowing manipulation of any memory location
regardless of which memory model your program has been compiled for.
.do end
.fdbeg
.fd *fun="btowc" return wide-character version of single-byte character
.fd *fun="_fmbscat" concatenate two far strings
.fd *fun="_fmbschr" locate character in far string
.fd *fun="_fmbscmp" compare two far strings
.fd *fun="_fmbscpy" copy far string
.fd *fun="_fmbscspn" get number of string characters not from a set of characters
.fd *fun="_fmbsdec" returns far pointer to the previous character in far string
.fd *fun="_fmbsdup" allocate and duplicate a far string
.fd *fun="_fmbsicmp" compare two far strings with case insensitivity
.fd *fun="_fmbsinc" return far pointer to next character in far string
.fd *fun="_fmbslen" length of a far string
.fd *fun="_fmbslwr" convert far string to lowercase
.fd *fun="_fmbsnbcat" append up to "n" bytes of string to another string
.fd *fun="_fmbsnbcmp" compare up to "n" bytes in two strings
.fd *fun="_fmbsnbcnt" count the number of characters in the first "n" bytes
.fd *fun="_fmbsnbcpy" copy up to "n" bytes of a string
.fd *fun="_fmbsnbicmp" compare up to "n" bytes in two strings with case insensitivity
.fd *fun="_fmbsnbset" fill string with up to "n" bytes
.fd *fun="_fmbsncat" concatenate two far strings, up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_fmbsnccnt" count the number of characters in the first "n" bytes
.fd *fun="_fmbsncmp" compare two far strings up to maximum length
.fd *fun="_fmbsncpy" copy a far string, up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_fmbsnextc" return integer value of the next multibyte-character in far string
.fd *fun="_fmbsnicmp" compare two far strings with case insensitivity up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_fmbsninc" increment wide character far pointer by "n" characters
.fd *fun="_fmbsnset" fill far string with character to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_fmbspbrk" locate occurrence of a string within a second string
.fd *fun="_fmbsrchr" locate last occurrence of character from a character set
.fd *fun="_fmbsrev" reverse a far string in place
.fd *fun="_fmbsrtowcs" convert multibyte character string to wide character string
.fd *fun="_fmbsset" fill far string with a character
.fd *fun="_fmbsspn" find number of characters at start of string which are also in a second string
.fd *fun="_fmbsspnp" return far pointer to first character of far string not in set
.fd *fun="_fmbsstr" find first occurrence of string in second string
.fd *fun="_fmbstok" get next token from a far string
.fd *fun="_fmbstowcs" convert multibyte character string to wide character string
.fd *fun="_fmbsupr" convert far string to uppercase
.fd *fun="_fmbterm" determine if next multibyte character in string is null
.fd *fun="_fmbvtop" store multibyte character into far string
.fd *fun="_fwcrtomb" convert wide character to multibyte character and store
.fd *fun="_fwcsrtombs" convert far wide character string to far multibyte character string
.fd *fun="_fwcstombs" convert far wide character string to far multibyte character string
.fd *fun="_fwctomb" convert wide character to multibyte character
.fd *fun="_mbscat" concatenate string
.fd *fun="_mbschr" locate character in string
.fd *fun="_mbscmp" compare two strings
.fd *fun="_mbscoll" compare two strings using "locale" collating sequence
.fd *fun="_mbscpy" copy a string
.fd *fun="_mbscspn" get number of string characters not from a set of characters
.fd *fun="_mbsdec" returns pointer to the previous character in string
.fd *fun="_mbsdup" allocate and duplicate a string
.fd *fun="_mbsicmp" compare two strings with case insensitivity
.fd *fun="_mbsinc" return pointer to next character in string
.fd *fun="mbsinit" determine if mbstate_t object describes an initial conversion state
.fd *fun="_mbslen" string length
.fd *fun="_mbslwr" convert string to lowercase
.fd *fun="_mbsnbcat" append up to "n" bytes of string to another string
.fd *fun="_mbsnbcmp" compare up to "n" bytes in two strings
.fd *fun="_mbsnbcnt" count the number of characters in the first "n" bytes
.fd *fun="_mbsnbcpy" copy up to "n" bytes of a string
.fd *fun="_mbsnbicmp" compare up to "n" bytes in two strings with case insensitivity
.fd *fun="_mbsnbset" fill string with up to "n" bytes
.fd *fun="_mbsncat" concatenate two strings, up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_mbsnccnt" count the number of characters in the first "n" bytes
.fd *fun="_mbsncmp" compare two strings up to maximum length
.fd *fun="_mbsncpy" copy a string, up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_mbsnextc" return integer value of the next multibyte-character in string
.fd *fun="_mbsnicmp" compare two strings with case insensitivity up to a maximum length
.fd *fun="_mbsninc" increment wide character pointer by "n" characters
.fd *fun="_mbsnset" fill string with up to "n" multibyte characters
.fd *fun="_mbspbrk" locate occurrence of a string within a second string
.fd *fun="_mbsrchr" locate last occurrence of character from a character set
.fd *fun="_mbsrev" reverse a string in place
.fd *fun="mbsrtowcs" convert multibyte character string to wide character string
.fd *fun="_mbsset" fill string with a character
.fd *fun="_mbsspn" find number of characters at start of string which are also in a second string
.fd *fun="_mbsspnp" return pointer to first character of string not in set
.fd *fun="_mbsstr" find first occurrence of string in second string
.fd *fun="_mbstok" get next token from string
.fd *fun="mbstowcs" convert multibyte character string to wide character string
.fd *fun="_mbsupr" convert string to uppercase
.fd *fun="_mbterm" determine if next multibyte character in string is null
.fd *fun="_mbvtop" store multibyte character into string
.fd *fun="wcrtomb" convert wide character to multibyte character and store
.fd *fun="wcsrtombs" convert wide character string to multibyte character string
.fd *fun="wcstombs" convert wide character string to multibyte character string
.fd *fun="wctob" return single-byte character version of wide character
.fd *fun="wctomb" convert wide character to multibyte character
.fdend
.np
For related functions see the sections
.us Conversion Functions
(conversions to and from strings),
.us Time Functions
(formatting of dates and times), and
.us Memory Manipulation Functions
(operate on arrays without terminating null character).
.*======================================================================
.section Conversion Functions
.*
.np
.ix '&Conversion'
These functions perform conversions between objects of various types
and strings.
.if &unifnc eq 1 .do begin
A set of functions that convert to and from Unicode character strings
is also provided.
.do end
.fdbeg
.fd *fun="atof" string to "double"
.fd *fun="atoh" hexadecimal string to "unsigned int"
.fd *fun="atoi" string to "int"
.fd *fun="atol" string to "long int"
.fd *fun="atoll" string to "long long int"
.fd *fun="ecvt" "double" to E-format string
.fd *fun="fcvt" "double" to F-format string
.fd *fun="gcvt" "double" to string
.fd *fun="itoa" "int" to string
.fd *fun="lltoa" "long long int" to string
.fd *fun="ltoa" "long int" to string
.fd *fun="strtod" string to "double"
.fd *fun="strtol" string to "long int"
.fd *fun="strtoll" string to "long long int"
.fd *fun="strtoul" string to "unsigned long int"
.fd *fun="strtoull" string to "unsigned long long int"
.fd *fun="ulltoa" "unsigned long long int" to string
.fd *fun="ultoa" "unsigned long int" to string
.fd *fun="utoa" "unsigned int" to string
.fdend
.np
These functions perform conversions between objects of various types
and wide character strings.
.fdbeg
.fd *fun="_itow" "int" to wide character string
.fd *fun="_lltow" "long long int" to wide character string
.fd *fun="_ltow" "long int" to wide character string
.fd *fun="_ulltow" "unsigned long long int" to wide character string
.fd *fun="_ultow" "unsigned long int" to wide character string
.fd *fun="_utow" "unsigned int" to wide character string
.fd *fun="wcstod" wide character string to "double"
.fd *fun="wcstol" wide character string to "long int"
.fd *fun="wcstoll" wide character string to "long long int"
.fd *fun="wcstoul" wide character string to "unsigned long int"
.fd *fun="wcstoull" wide character string to "unsigned long long int"
.fd *fun="_wtof" wide character string to "double"
.fd *fun="_wtoi" wide character string to "int"
.fd *fun="_wtol" wide character string to "long int"
.fd *fun="_wtoll" wide character string to "long long int"
.fdend
.np
See also
.kw tolower
.ct,
.kw towlower
.ct,
.kw _mbctolower
.ct,
.kw toupper
.ct,
.kw towupper
.ct,
.kw _mbctoupper
.ct,
.kw strlwr
.ct,
.kw _wcslwr
.ct,
.kw _mbslwr
.ct,
.kw strupr
.ct,
.kw _wcsupr
and
.kw _mbsupr
which convert the cases of characters and strings.
.*======================================================================
.section Memory Allocation Functions
.*
.np
.ix '&Memory'
These functions allocate and de-allocate blocks of memory.
.if '&machsys' eq 'QNX' .do begin
.np
The default data segment has a maximum size of 64K bytes.
It may be less in a machine with insufficient memory or when other
programs in the computer already occupy some of the memory.
.do end
.el .do begin
.np
Unless you are running your program in 32-bit protect mode, where
segments have a limit of 4 gigabytes,
the default data segment has a maximum size of 64K bytes.
It may be less in a machine with insufficient memory or when other
programs in the computer already occupy some of the memory.
.do end