📄 第02章 photoshop的菜单.htm
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style='font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Site Map</span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>”（引导图）“</span><span class=highlight1><span lang=EN-US
style='font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>Search</span></span><span
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"Times New Roman"'>”（搜索）</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>2. 专题帮助</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>帮助目录虽然详细全面，但由于内容繁多，当需要某一方面的帮助时，却不一定容易找到，为此</span><span
lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>把经常进行的操作设置为专门选项，形成专题帮助。选择某一专题选项，<span
class=GramE>则或者</span>以向导的方式帮助用户进行操作。或者打开该专题的帮助窗口供用户了解。</span></p>
<h2 style='margin-top:7.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.7pt;margin-left:
0cm'><span lang=EN-US>2.2<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Photoshop的工具箱</span></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Photoshop</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的工具箱集中了处理图像过程中使用最频繁的各种工具，使用这些工具可以完成对图像的各种操作。</span></p>
<h3><span lang=EN-US>2.2.1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>绘图工具</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>绘图工具有画笔和历史画笔。</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>1. 画笔工具</span></h4>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(1) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>选取与设置画笔</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>大部分绘图工具，在使用前都要先选取画笔，以适合绘图的需要。</span><span lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>提供了画笔与铅笔两种画笔工具，其绘画风格不同，画笔以毛笔的风格进行绘画，铅笔以硬笔的风格进行绘画。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>选取画笔后，可以通过工具选项栏对画笔进行设置。</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(2) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>修改画笔</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在画笔面板或预设管理器中，只能对</span><span lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>预设的画笔进行选取，但有时</span><span lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>预设的画笔不能满足需要，这时可以对所选取的画笔进行编辑修改。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在工具箱选择画笔工具后，用鼠标单击工具选项栏右侧的“画笔”标签，打开画笔预设面板。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>该面板与画笔预设管理器功能类似，在画笔列表框中选择画笔，通过<span class=GramE>滑杆</span>或文本框设置画笔大小，在面板下部的预览框中观察画笔设置的效果。</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(3) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>其他设置</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>如果选取了画笔工具，则在工具选项栏中还有“模式”、“不透明度”和“流量”和喷枪四个选项。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>如果选取了铅笔工具，则工具<span class=GramE>选项栏少了</span>“流量”与喷枪选项，而多了一个“自动抹掉”选项。“自动抹掉”相当于以背景色绘画。</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(4) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>绘画</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>当对画笔的所有设置完成后，用鼠标在图像上单击或拖动，即可进行绘画操作。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>下图为选取画笔工具绘制绿草的效果。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:162.6pt;height:132pt'
fillcolor="window">
<v:imagedata src="第02章%20Photoshop的菜单.files/image015.png" o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=217 height=176
src="第02章%20Photoshop的菜单.files/image016.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032"><![endif]></span></p>
<h6><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>使用画笔绘画</span></h6>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>2. 历史画笔工具</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>历史画笔包括历史记录画笔与历史记录艺术画笔。从整体上看，历史画笔属于复原工具，且其使用必须与历史记录面板结合。历史记录面板详见“第</span><span
lang=EN-US>10</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>章</span><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>历史记录与动作的应用”。</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(1) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>历史记录画笔</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在编辑图像的过程中，可以将编辑进行到某一步时，图像的状态保存下来，而历史记录画笔的作用就是将这一状态重现。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>选取历史记录画笔后，用鼠标在图像上拖动，则鼠标经过的区域将重现图像当时的状态。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>历史记录画笔的工具选项栏的内容与画笔工具完全相同。</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(2) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>历史记录艺术画笔</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>历史记录艺术画笔与历史记录画笔的功能相似，只是比历史记录画笔多了风格化处理从而可以产生特殊的效果。</span></p>
<h3><span lang=EN-US>2.2.2<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>擦除工具</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>橡皮擦工具包含三种工具，“橡皮擦工具”、“背景色橡皮擦工具”和“魔术橡皮擦工具”。</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>1. 橡皮擦工具</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>橡皮擦工具用于擦除图像中不需要的部分被擦除的部分以背景色填充。</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>2. 背景色橡皮擦工具</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>背景色橡皮擦工具用来擦除背景色，被擦除的背景色区域将变为透明。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>下图为背景色橡皮擦擦除效果。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:117pt;height:97.2pt'
fillcolor="window">
<v:imagedata src="第02章%20Photoshop的菜单.files/image017.png" o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=156 height=130
src="第02章%20Photoshop的菜单.files/image018.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033"><![endif]></span></p>
<h6><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>擦除</span></h6>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用背景橡皮擦擦除背景后，<span class=GramE>背景图层自动</span>变为<span
class=GramE>普通图层</span>，取名为“图层</span><span lang=EN-US>0</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>”，使用橡皮擦工具对背景擦除后，<span class=GramE>背景图层性质</span>不变化，相当于用背景色绘画。</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>3. 魔术橡皮擦工具</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>用魔术橡皮擦工具擦除图像时，会自动擦除所有相似的颜色。如果是在背景中或是在锁定了透明区域的图层中擦除图像，被擦除的颜色会更改为背景色，否则擦除区域变为透明。下图为魔术橡皮擦擦除效果。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
id="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:117pt;height:97.2pt'
fillcolor="window">
<v:imagedata src="第02章%20Photoshop的菜单.files/image019.png" o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=156 height=130
src="第02章%20Photoshop的菜单.files/image020.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034"><![endif]></span></p>
<h6><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>擦除</span></h6>
<h3><span lang=EN-US>2.2.3<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>填充工具</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>填充工具用于为选定区域上色。填充工具包含油漆桶工具和渐变工具。</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>1. 油漆桶工具</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>油漆桶不能对位图图像进行填充。</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>2. 渐变工具</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>渐变工具可以创建多种颜色间的逐渐混合即指由一种颜色逐渐过渡到另一种颜色。渐变工具不能用于位图、索引颜色或每通道</span><span
lang=EN-US>16</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>位模式的图像。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
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