📄 第06章 图层的应用.htm
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<h1 style='margin-top:23.15pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:23.15pt;
margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>第</span><span lang=EN-US>6</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>章</span><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span class=GramE><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>图层的</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>应用</span></h1>
<h2 style='margin-top:7.7pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.7pt;margin-left:
0cm'><span lang=EN-US>6.1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
class=GramE>图层的</span>概念</span></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>要用</span><span lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>处理图像，就要<span class=GramE>了解图层的</span>概念与操作方法，根据需要灵活地设置与<span
class=GramE>操作图层</span>。</span></p>
<h3><span lang=EN-US>6.1.1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
class=GramE><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>图层简介</span></span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Photoshop</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>中<span class=GramE>的图层实际上</span>是一幅完整图像的各个组成部分，也就是说</span><span
lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>可以将图像分解后放在互相独立的层面上，当对某一层面上的图像进行绘制、编辑、粘贴和删除等操作时，不会影响到其他层面上的图像。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span class=GramE><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>图层很像</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>在美术创作中，将图画的各部分分别绘制在透明玻璃纸上的方法。每张透明玻璃纸就可以看作是<span
class=GramE>一个图层</span>，每张玻璃纸上没有绘制图画的区域是透明的，因此如果将所有的绘制好图像的透明玻璃纸重叠起来，就会在人们面前展现出一幅完整的图画。<span
class=GramE>其中各张玻璃纸</span>上的图画如下图左图所示，重叠后的效果如下图右图所示。</span></p>
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<h6><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>不同层面的图像</span><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>层面重叠后的图像</span></h6>
<h3><span lang=EN-US>6.1.2<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>使用图层面板</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Photoshop</span><span
class=GramE><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>对图层的</span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>操作有菜单<span class=GramE>与图层控制面板</span>两种方式，<span class=GramE>其中图层控制面板</span>直观、方便快捷而成为一般</span><span
lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>使用者的首选方式。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.6pt'><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>如果图层面<span
class=GramE>板没有</span>在</span><span lang=EN-US>Photoshop</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>窗口中出现，则选择菜单中的“窗口”</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>→</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>“图层”命令即可打开图层面板，如下图所示。</span></p>
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<h6><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>图层面板</span></h6>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>1. <span class=GramE>图层显示区</span></span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在图层面<span class=GramE>板主体</span>的中央区域，显示图像的<span
class=GramE>各个图层</span>。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在显示的每一图层的左边有两个方框分别<span class=GramE>对图层的</span>显示状态与操作状态进行控制，其中显示为眼睛的方框<span
class=GramE>控制图层的</span>显示与隐藏，如果方框中出现眼睛图标，<span class=GramE>则图层</span>的图像部分将显示在图像窗口</span></p>
<h4><span lang=EN-US>2. <span class=GramE>图层设置</span>区</span></h4>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>在<span class=GramE>图层显示区</span>上方是可以<span class=GramE>对图层若干</span>的属性进行设置：</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(1) </span><span class=GramE><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>图层模式</span></span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span class=GramE><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>图层模式</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>为一下拉列表框，该列表框用于显示被选中<span
class=GramE>的图层的</span>模式或对被选中<span class=GramE>的图层的</span>模式进行设置。</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(2) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>不透明度</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>“不透明度”文本框用于设置被选的图层中图像的不透明度，可以在文本框中输入一个</span><span
lang=EN-US>1</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>到</span><span lang=EN-US>100</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>的值，表示不透明度的百分比。</span></p>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>(3) </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>锁定</span></h5>
<h5><span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>有四个按钮对应四种方式的锁定：锁定透明像素、锁定图像像素、锁定位置、完全锁定。</span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span class=GramE><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>图层锁定</span></span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
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