checksum.c

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/*
 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version).
 *
 * Refer to "Computing the Internet Checksum" by R. Braden, D. Borman and
 * C. Partridge, Computer Communication Review, Vol. 19, No. 2, April 1989,
 * pp. 86-101, for additional details on computing this checksum.
 */

#include	"defs.h"

int				/* return checksum in low-order 16 bits */
in_cksum(ptr, nbytes)
register u_short	*ptr;
register int		nbytes;
{
	register long		sum;		/* assumes long == 32 bits */
	u_short			oddbyte;
	register u_short	answer;		/* assumes u_short == 16 bits */

	/*
	 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32-bit accumulator (sum),
	 * we add sequential 16-bit words to it, and at the end, fold back
	 * all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
	 */

	sum = 0;
	while (nbytes > 1)  {
		sum += *ptr++;
		nbytes -= 2;
	}

				/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
	if (nbytes == 1) {
		oddbyte = 0;		/* make sure top half is zero */
		*((u_char *) &oddbyte) = *(u_char *)ptr;   /* one byte only */
		sum += oddbyte;
	}

	/*
	 * Add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits.
	 */

	sum  = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);	/* add high-16 to low-16 */
	sum += (sum >> 16);			/* add carry */
	answer = ~sum;		/* ones-complement, then truncate to 16 bits */
	return(answer);
}