带有存储器功能的数字温度计－ds1624技术应用.htm

数字温度计和存储器ds1624以及其驱动程序代码

<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt">数据和控制信息的写入读出是以表5和表6所示的方式进行的。在写入信息时，主器件输出从器件(即DS1624)的地址，同时R/W位置0。接收到响应位后，总线上的主器件发出一个命令地址，DS1624接收此地址后，产生响应位，主器件就向它发送数据。如果要对它进行读操作，主器件除了发出命令地址外，还要产生一个重复的启动条件和命令字节，此时R/W位为1，读操作开始。下面对它们的命令进行说明。 
<P>　　访问存储器指令［17H］：该指令是对DS1624的EEPROM进行访问，发送该指令之后，下一个字节就是被访问存储器的字地址数据。 
<P>　　访问设置寄存器指令［ACH］：如果R/W位置0，将写入数据到设置寄存器。发出请求后，接下来的一个字节被写入。 如果R/W位置1，将读出存在寄存器中的值。 
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">读温度值指令［AAH］：即读出最后一个测温结果。DS1624产生两个字节，即为寄存器内的结果。 
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">开始测温指令［EEH］：此命令将开始一次温度的测量，不需再输入数据。在单次测量模式下，可在进行转换的同时使DS1624保持闲置状态。在连续模式下，将启动连续测温。 
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt">停止测温指令［22H］：该命令将停止温度的测量，不需再输入数据。此命令可用来停止连续测温模式。发出请求后，当前温度测量结束，然后DS1624保持闲置状态。直到下一个开始测温的请求发出才继续进行连续测量。 
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 41.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 3.98; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt">表5　主机对DS1624写操作通信格式 
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>I2C通信开始</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主器件发送控制字节（DS1624地址和写操作）</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>DS1624应答</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主器件发送访问DS1624的指令</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>DS1624应答</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主器件发送的数据字节</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>DS1624应答</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>I2C通信停止</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 42.15pt; mso-char-indent-count: 4.0; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt">表6　主机对DS1624读操作通信格式 
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>I2C通信开始</P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 52.6pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=70>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主器件发送控制字节（DS1624地址和写操作）</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>DS1624应答</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主器件发送访问DS1624的指令</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>DS1624应答</P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 27pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=36>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>I2C通信开始</P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 45pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=60>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主器件发送控制字节（DS1624地址和读操作）</P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 27pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=36>
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>DS1624应答</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>数据字节0</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主机应答</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>数据字节1</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>主机非应答</P></TD>
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<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>I2C通信停止</P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 1cm; TEXT-INDENT: -1cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 1.0cm left 54.0pt">2． 实验任务 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 1cm; tab-stops: 54.0pt">用一片DS1624完成本地数字温度的测量，并通过8位<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=385940&amp;cid=178" title="数码管">数码管</a>显示出测量的温度值。其硬件电路图如图4.34.4所示 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 1cm; TEXT-INDENT: -1cm; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 1.0cm left 54.0pt">3． 电路原理图 
<P style="tab-stops: 54.0pt"><IMG height=371 src="upload/2006_07/0607081512130910.jpg" width=544 v:shapes="_x0000_i1028"> 
<P style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; tab-stops: 54.0pt" align=center>图4.34.4 
<P style="tab-stops: 54.0pt">4． 系统板上硬件连线 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 70.3pt; TEXT-INDENT: -49.3pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 0cm left 54.0pt">（1）． 把“单片机系统”区域中的P0.0－P0.7用8芯排线连接到“动态数码显示”区域中的ABCDEFGH端子上。 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 70.3pt; TEXT-INDENT: -49.3pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 0cm left 54.0pt">（2）． 把“单片机系统”区域中的P2.0－P2.7用8芯排线连接到“动态数码显示”区域中的S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8端子上。 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 70.3pt; TEXT-INDENT: -49.3pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 0cm left 54.0pt">（3）． 把DS1624芯片插入到“二线总线模块”区域中的8脚集成座上，注意芯片不插反。 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 70.3pt; TEXT-INDENT: -49.3pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 0cm left 54.0pt">（4）． 把“二线总线模块”区域中的PIN1 PIN2分别用导线连接到“单片机系统”区域中的P1.6和P1.7端子上。 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 70.3pt; TEXT-INDENT: -49.3pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 0cm left 54.0pt">（5）． 把“二线总线模块”区域中的PIN4 PIN5　PIN6分别用导线连接到“<a href="电源" title="">电源</a>模块”区域中的GND端子上。 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 1cm; TEXT-INDENT: -1cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; tab-stops: list 1.0cm left 54.0pt">5． 程序设计内容 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 70.3pt; TEXT-INDENT: -49.3pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 0cm left 54.0pt">（1）． 由于DS1624是I2C总线结构的串行数据传送，它只需要SDA和SCL两根线完成数据的传送过程。因此，我们在进行程序设计的时候，也得按着I2C协议来对DS1624芯片数据访问。有关I2C协议参看有关资料，这里不详述。对于AT89S51单片机本身没有I2C硬件资源，所以必须用软件来模拟I2C协议过程。 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 70.3pt; TEXT-INDENT: -49.3pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list 0cm left 54.0pt">（2）． 要从DS1624中读取温度值，首先启动DS1624的内部温度A/D开始转换，对应着有相应的命令用来启动开始温度转换，有关DS1624的指令集参考前面的叙述。一般情况下，DS1624经过一次温度的变换，需要经过1秒钟左右的时间，所以等待1秒钟后，即可读取内部的温度值，对于读取的温度值，仍然通过DS1624的指令集来完成温度的读取。但所有有数据的传送过程必须遵循I2C协议。 
<P style="MARGIN-LEFT: 1cm; TEXT-INDENT: -1cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo4; tab-stops: list 1.0cm left 54.0pt">6． C语言源程序<BR>#include &lt;AT89X52.H&gt;<BR>#include &lt;INTRINS.H&gt;<BR>unsigned char code displaybit[]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,<BR>0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f};<BR>unsigned char code displaycode[]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,<BR>0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,<BR>0x7f,0x6f,0x77,0x7c,<BR>0x39,0x5e,0x79,0x71,0x00};<BR>　<BR>unsigned char code dotcode[32]={0,3,6,9,12,16,19,22,<BR>25,28,31,34,38,41,44,48,<BR>50,53,56,59,63,66,69,72,<BR>75,78,81,84,88,91,94,97};<BR>sbit SDA=P1^6;<BR>sbit SCL=P1^7;<BR>　<BR>unsigned char displaybuffer[8]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7};<BR>unsigned char eepromdata[8];<BR>unsigned char temperdata;<BR>　<BR>unsigned char timecount;<BR>unsigned char displaycount;<BR>　<BR>bit secondflag=0;<BR>unsigned char secondcount=0;<BR>unsigned char retn;<BR>unsigned int result;<BR>unsigned char x;<BR>unsigned int k;<BR>unsigned int ks;<BR>　<BR>void delay(void);<BR>void delay10ms(void);<BR>void i_start(void);<BR>void i_stop(void);<BR>void i_init(void);<BR>void i_ack(void);<BR>bit i_c<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=325870&amp;cid=26" title="LOC封装说明">LOC</a>k(void);<BR>bit i_send(unsigned char i_data);<BR>unsigned char i_receive(void);<BR>bit start_temperature_T(void);<BR>bit read_temperature_T(unsigned char *p);<BR>void delay(void)<BR>{<BR>_nop_();<BR>_nop_();<BR>_nop_();<BR>_nop_();<BR>_nop_();<BR>_nop_();<BR>}<BR>　<BR>void delay10ms(void)<BR>{<BR>unsigned int i;<BR>for(i=0;i&lt;1000;i++)<BR>{<BR>delay();<BR>}<BR>}<BR>　<BR>void i_start(void)<BR>{<BR>SCL=1;<BR>delay();<BR>SDA=0;<BR>delay();<BR>SCL=0;<BR>delay();<BR>}<BR>　<BR>void i_stop(void)<BR>{<BR>SDA=0;<BR>delay();<BR>SCL=1;<BR>delay();<BR>SDA=1;<BR>delay();<BR>SCL=0;<BR>delay();<BR>}<BR>void i_init(void)<BR>{<BR>SCL=0;<BR>i_stop();<BR>}<BR>　<BR>void i_ack(void)<BR>{<BR>SDA=0;<BR>i_c<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=325870&amp;cid=26" title="LOC封装说明">LOC</a>k();<BR>SDA=1;<BR>}<BR>　<BR>bit i_c<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=325870&amp;cid=26" title="LOC封装说明">LOC</a>k(void)<BR>{<BR>bit sample;<BR>　<BR>SCL=1;<BR>delay();<BR>sample=SDA;<BR>_nop_();<BR>_nop_();<BR>SCL=0;<BR>delay();<BR>return(sample);<BR>}<BR>　<BR>bit i_send(unsigned char i_data)<BR>{<BR>unsigned char i;<BR>　<BR>for(i=0;i&lt;8;i++)<BR>{<BR>SDA=(bit)(i_data &amp; 0x80);<BR>i_data=i_data&lt;&lt;1;<BR>i_c<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=325870&amp;cid=26" title="LOC封装说明">LOC</a>k();<BR>}<BR>SDA=1;<BR>return(~i_c<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=325870&amp;cid=26" title="LOC封装说明">LOC</a>k());<BR>}<BR>unsigned char i_receive(void)<BR>{<BR>unsigned char i_data=0;<BR>unsigned char i;<BR>　<BR>for(i=0;i&lt;8;i++)<BR>{<BR>i_data*=2;<BR>if(i_c<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=325870&amp;cid=26" title="LOC封装说明">LOC</a>k()) i_data++;<BR>}<BR>return(i_data);<BR>}<BR>　<BR>bit start_temperature_T(void)<BR>{<BR>i_start();<BR>if(i_send(0x90))<BR>{<BR>if(i_send(0xee))<BR>{<BR>i_stop();<BR>delay();<BR>return(1);<BR>}<BR>else<BR>{<BR>i_stop();<BR>delay();<BR>return(0);<BR>}<BR>}<BR>else<BR>{<BR>i_stop();<BR>delay();<BR>return(0);<BR>}<BR>}<BR>　<BR>bit read_temperature_T(unsigned char *p)<BR>{<BR>i_start();<BR>if(i_send(0x90))<BR>{<BR>if(i_send(0xaa))<BR>{<BR>i_start();<BR>if(i_send(0x91))<BR>{<BR>*(p+1)=i_receive();<BR>i_ack();<BR>*p=i_receive();<BR>i_stop();<BR>delay();<BR>return(1);<BR>}<BR>else<BR>{<BR>i_stop();<BR>delay();<BR>return(0);<BR>}<BR>}<BR>else<BR>{<BR>i_stop();<BR>delay();<BR>return(0);<BR>}<BR>}<BR>else<BR>{<BR>i_stop();<BR>delay();<BR>return(0);<BR>}<BR>}<BR>　<BR>void main(void)<BR>{<BR>P1=0xff;<BR>timecount=0;<BR>displaycount=0;<BR>TMOD=0x21;<BR>TH1=0x06;<BR>TL1=0x06;<BR>TR1=1;<BR>ET1=1;<BR>ET0=1;<BR>EA=1;<BR>　<BR>if(start_temperature_T()) //向DS1624发送启动A/D温度转换命令，成功则启动T0定时1s。<BR>{<BR>secondflag=0;<BR>secondcount=0;<BR>TH0=55536/256;<BR>TL0=55536%256;<BR>TR0=1;<BR>}<BR>while(1)<BR>{<BR>if(secondflag==1)<BR>{<BR>secondflag=0;<BR>TR0=0;<BR>if(read_temperature_T(temperdata)) //T0定时1s时间到，读取DS1624的温度值<BR>{<BR>for(x=0;x&lt;8;x++)<BR>{<BR>displaybuffer[x]=16;<BR>}<BR>x=2;<BR>result=temperdata; //将读取的温度值进行数据处理，并送到显示缓冲区<BR>while(result/10)<BR>{<BR>displaybuffer[x]=result%10;<BR>result=result/10;<BR>x++;<BR>}<BR>displaybuffer[x]=result;<BR>result=temperdata[0];<BR>result=result&gt;&gt;3;<BR>displaybuffer[0]=(dotcode[result])%10;<BR>displaybuffer=(dotcode[result])/10;<BR>if(start_temperature_T()) //温度值数据处理完毕，重新启动DS1624开始温度转换<BR>{<BR>secondflag=0;<BR>secondcount=0;<BR>TH0=55536/256;<BR>TL0=55536%256;<BR>TR0=1;<BR>}<BR>}<BR>}<BR>}<BR>}<BR>void t0(void) interrupt 1 using 0 //T0用于定时1s时间到<BR>{<BR>secondcount++;<BR>if(secondcount==100)<BR>{<BR>secondcount=0;<BR>secondflag=1;<BR>}<BR>TH0=55536/256;<BR>TL0=55536%256;<BR>}<BR>void t1(void) interrupt 3 using 0 //T1定时1ms用<a href="http://www.go-gddq.com/show.aspx?id=385940&amp;cid=178" title="数码管">数码管</a>的动态刷新<BR>{<BR>timecount++;<BR>if(timecount==4) //T1定时1ms到<BR>{<BR>timecount=0;<BR>if (displaycount==5)<BR>{<BR>P0=(displaycode[displaybuffer[7-displaycount]] | 0x80); //在该位同时还要显示小数点<BR>}<BR>else<BR>{<BR>P0=displaycode[displaybuffer[7-displaycount]];<BR>}<BR>P2=displaybit[displaycount];<BR>displaycount++;<BR>if(displaycount==8)<BR>{<BR>displaycount=0;<BR>}<BR>}<BR>} </P>
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