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31.1.2 基本的Web客户示例
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31.1.2 基本的Web客户示例
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<h1 id="divCurrentNode" style="color: #b83507; width: 100%; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; padding-left: 2px">当前章节:<a href='100165781.htm'><font color='red'>31.1.2 基本的Web客户示例</font></a></h1>
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165778.htm'>30.5 小结</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165779.htm'>31.1 WebClient类</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165780.htm'>31.1.1 下载文件</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165782.htm'>31.1.3 上传文件</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165783.htm'>31.2 WebRequest类和WebResponse类</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165784.htm'>31.3 把输出结果显示为HTML页面</a></div></div>
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<div id="text"> <link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;margin-left:
0cm'><span lang=EN-US>31.1.2 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>基本的</span><span
lang=EN-US>Web</span><span style='font-family:黑体'>客户</span><span
style='font-family:黑体'>示例</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>第一个示例将阐述怎样使用</span><span
lang=EN-US>WebClient.OpenRead()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>方法。在这个示例中，我们将把下载的页面显示在</span><span
lang=EN-US>ListBox</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>控件中。把项目创建为标准的</span><span
lang=EN-US>Windows C#</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>应用程序，添加一个名为</span><span
lang=EN-US>listBox1</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的列表框，将其</span><span
lang=EN-US>docking </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>属性设置为</span><span
lang=EN-US>DockStyle.Fill</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。在文件的开头，需要在</span><span
lang=EN-US>using</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>指令中添加</span><span
lang=EN-US>System.Net</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span
lang=EN-US>System.IO</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>命名空间，然后对主窗体的构造函数进行以下改动：</span></p>
<p class=a6 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US>public Form1()</span></p>
<p class=a6 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US>{</span></p>
<p class=a6 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> InitializeComponent();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> System.Net.WebClient Client = new WebClient();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> Stream strm =
Client.OpenRead("http://www.wrox.com");</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(strm);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> string line;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> while ( (line=sr.ReadLine()) != null )</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> {</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> listBox1.Items.Add(line);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:20.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt'> } </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt;line-height:15.0pt'><span
lang=EN-US> strm.Close();</span></p>
<p class=a6 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>在这个示例中，把</span><span
lang=EN-US>System.IO</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>命名空间的</span><span
lang=EN-US>StreamReader</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>类与网络数据流关联起来。这样，就可以使用更加有效的高层方法，例如</span><span
lang=EN-US>ReadLine()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>方法，从数据流中以文本的形式获取数据。第</span><span
lang=EN-US>30</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>章讨论了把数据移动抽象化为数据流概念的优点，这个示例就充分体现出了这些优点。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>这个示例的运行结果如图</span><span
lang=EN-US>31-1</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>所示。</span></p>
<p align=center><span lang=EN-US><img width=428 height=275
src="31/image001.jpg"></span></p>
<p align=center style='FTEL:8.15pt'><span style='font-family:宋体'>图</span><span
lang=EN-US> 31-1</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><a FTEL="_Toc535009260"></a><a FTEL="_Toc507815531"><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>在</span><span lang=EN-US>WebClient</span></a><span
style='font-family:宋体'>类中还有一个方法</span><span lang=EN-US>OpenWrite()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>，它可以返回一个可写的数据流，并把数据发送给</span><span lang=EN-US>URI</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。也可以指定该方法用于把数据发送给主机；默认的方法是</span><span lang=EN-US>POST</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。下面的代码段假定在本地机器上有一个可写的目录</span><span lang=EN-US>accept</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>，这段代码在该目录下创建文件</span><span lang=EN-US>newfile.txt</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>，其内容为</span><span lang=EN-US>"Hello World"</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>：</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US>WebClient webClient = new WebClient();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>Stream
stream =
webClient.OpenWrite("http://localhost/accept/newfile.txt","PUT");</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>StreamWriter
streamWriter = new StreamWriter(stream);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>streamWriter.WriteLine("Hello
World");</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>streamWriter.Close();</span></p>
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<h1 id="divCurrentNode2" style="color: #b83507; width: 100%; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; padding-left: 2px">当前章节:<a href='100165781.htm'><font color='red'>31.1.2 基本的Web客户示例</font></a></h1>
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165778.htm'>30.5 小结</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165779.htm'>31.1 WebClient类</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165780.htm'>31.1.1 下载文件</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165782.htm'>31.1.3 上传文件</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165783.htm'>31.2 WebRequest类和WebResponse类</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165784.htm'>31.3 把输出结果显示为HTML页面</a></div></div>
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