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22.3.1 创建一个连接
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22.3.1 创建一个连接
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<link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 8.15pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815187"><span lang="EN-US">22.3.1 </span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">创建一个连接</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a ftel="connections"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">首先，创建一个新的</span><span lang="EN-US">Windows</span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">应用程序，之后，创建一个数据库连接。使用</span><span lang="EN-US">Server Explorer</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，可以管理数据访问的各个方面，如图</span><span lang="EN-US">22-18</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">所示。</span></p>
<p align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><img height="68" src="22/image018.jpg" width="178" alt="" /></span></p>
<p style="FTEL: 8.15pt" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 22-18</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在本例中，需要创建</span><span lang="EN-US">Northwind</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">数据库的一个连接，从</span><span lang="EN-US">Data Connections</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">项的上下文菜单中选择</span><span lang="EN-US">Add Connection</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">选项，会打开一个向导，该向导允许选择数据库提供程序。这里选择</span><span lang="EN-US">Microsoft OLE DB Provider for SQL Server</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span><span lang="EN-US">Data Link Properties</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">对话框的第二个页面如图</span><span lang="EN-US">22-19</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">所示。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">根据</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">安装，示例数据库可能位于</span><span lang="EN-US">SQL Server</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">MSDE(Microsoft Data Engine)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，或者在这两个地方都有。</span></p>
<p align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><img height="315" src="22/image019.jpg" width="252" alt="" /></span></p>
<p style="FTEL: 8.15pt" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 22-19</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">要连接本地</span><span lang="EN-US">MSDE</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">数据库</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">如果有</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，键入</span><span lang="EN-US">(Local)\NETSDK</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">作为服务器的名称。要连接一般的</span><span lang="EN-US">SQL Server</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">实例，应键入</span><span lang="EN-US">(local)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，选择当前机器上的一个数据库，或者选择网络上需要的服务器名称。还需要输入用户名和密码来访问数据库。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">从数据库的下拉列表中选择</span><span lang="EN-US">Northwind</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">数据库，为了确保正确安装了所有的文件，单击</span><span lang="EN-US">Test Connection</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">按钮，如果一切安装正确，就应显示一个包含确认信息的消息框。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">要创建一个连接对象，单击新增的服务器，并将其拖动到主程序窗口中，这会创建相应连接类型的成员变量。然后把下述代码添加到主窗体的</span><span lang="EN-US">InitializeComponent</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">方法中：</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">this.sqlConnection = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection();</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">// </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">// sqlConnection</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">// </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">this.sqlConnection.ConnectionString = "data source=skinnerm\\NETSDK;" +</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> "initial catalog=Northwind;" + </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> "user id=QSUser;password=QSPassword;" +</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> "persist security info=True;" +</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> "workstation id=BILBO;" +</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> "packet size=4096";</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">可以看出，连接字符串信息直接在代码中给出。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">把这个对象添加到项目中后，</span><span lang="EN-US">sqlConnection</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">对象就会显示在</span><span lang="EN-US">Visual Studio</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">窗口底部的区域中，如图</span><span lang="EN-US">22-20</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">所示。</span></p>
<p align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><img height="188" src="22/image020.jpg" width="206" alt="" /></span></p>
<p style="FTEL: 8.15pt" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 22-20</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">选择这个对象，打开其</span><span lang="EN-US">Properties</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">对话框</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">按下</span><span lang="EN-US">F4)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，就可以修改其属性。</span></p></div>
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165625.htm'>22.2.1 简单的绑定</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165626.htm'>22.2.2 数据绑定对象</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165627.htm'>22.3 Visual Studio .NET和数据访问</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165629.htm'>22.3.2 选择数据</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165630.htm'>22.3.3 生成DataSet</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165631.htm'>22.3.4 更新数据源</a></div></div>
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