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21.1 ADO.NET概述
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21.1 ADO.NET概述
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<link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><p class="MsoNormal"><a ftel="ADONET"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">本章讨论如何使用</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO.NET</span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">获取</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">程序中的数据，主要介绍如下内容：</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-GB">●<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">连接数据库</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">：</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">如何使用新的</span><span lang="EN-US">SqlConnection</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">OleDbConnection</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类连接数据库，以及断开与数据库的连接。</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-GB">●<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">执行命令：</span><span lang="EN-GB">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有命令对象的概念，该对象可以直接执行</span><span lang="EN-GB">SQL</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">命令，也可以执行带返回值的存储过程。这里将深入讨论命令对象上的各种选项，并列举一些示例来说明如何为</span><span lang="EN-GB">Sql</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-GB">OleDB</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类的每个选项使用命令。</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-GB">●<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">存储过程：如何使用命令对象来调用存储过程，这些存储过程的结果如何集成到高速缓存在客户机上的数据中。</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36.95pt; FTEL: -15.5pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">对象模型：这与</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">ADO</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">中可用的对象完全不同，本节将讨论</span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">DataSet</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">DataTable</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US">DataRow</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">DataColumn</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类。</span><span lang="EN-US">DataSet</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">也可以包含表之间、约束之间的关系。</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-GB">●<span style="FONT: 7pt "Times New Roman""> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">使用</span><span lang="EN-GB">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-GB">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">模式：我们将讨论</span><span lang="EN-GB">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">框架它是构建</span><span lang="EN-GB">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的基础。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">与其他章节一样</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">可以从</span><span lang="EN-US">Wrox</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">网站</span><span lang="EN-US">www.wrox.com</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">上下载本章示例的代码。下面首先简要介绍</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p>
<h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 11.4pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 11.4pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815154"><span lang="EN-GB">21.1 ADO.NET</span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">概述</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">比现有</span><span lang="EN-US">API</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在技术上高出很多。它与</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">仅仅是名称类似，类和访问数据的方法则完全不同。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a ftel="ADO2"></a><span lang="EN-US">ADO (ActiveX Data Objects)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是一个</span><span lang="EN-US">COM</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">组件库，在过去的几年中，这些组件有许多版本。在目前的版本</span><span lang="EN-US">2.7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中，</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">主要包含</span><span lang="EN-US">Connection</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">Command</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">Recordset</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">Field</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">对象。打开与数据库的连接，把一些数据选出来，放在记录集中，这些数据由字段组成，接着处理这些数据，并在服务器上进行更新，然后关闭连接。</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">还引入了概念：断开连接的记录集，当不适合使连接打开相当长的时间时，就可以使用该概念。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">ADO</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">还有几个没有完全解决的问题，其中最著名的就是笨拙的断开连接的记录集。对这个支持的需求要比以往“以</span><span lang="EN-US">Web</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为中心”的计算更高，所以我们采用了一种新方式。</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">编程和</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">不仅仅是名称</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有许多相似之处，所以从</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中升级不会很困难。而且</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">如果使用的是</span><span lang="EN-US">SQL Server</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有一组托管的新类，可以很好地发挥出数据库的最佳性能。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; FTEL: 21.2pt"><span lang="EN-US">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">附带了</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">个数据库客户命名空间，一个用于</span><span lang="EN-US">SQL Server</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，另一个用于</span><span lang="EN-US">Oracle</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，第</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">个用于</span><span lang="EN-US">ODBC</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">数据源，第四个用于通过</span><span lang="EN-US">OLEBC</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">实现的数据库。如果数据库不是</span><span lang="EN-US">SQL Server</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">或</span><span lang="EN-US">Oracle</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，就应使用</span><span lang="EN-US">OLE DB</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，除非还能使用</span><span lang="EN-US">ODBC</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p></div>
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