100165734.htm
来自「C#高级编程(第三版),顶死你们。。 。up」· HTM 代码 · 共 244 行
HTM
244 行
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head><title>
28.4.6 创建COM客户程序
</title></head>
<body>
<div class="area">
<div class="col1">
<div class="lineBlue">
</div>
<!-- title -->
<div class="arcTitle">
<h1>
<a href="../16">
C#高级编程（第3版）【全文连载】
</a>
</h1>
<div style="text-align: center; font-size: 15px">
<a href="100165734.htm">
28.4.6 创建COM客户程序
</a>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center; font-size: 15px">
<a class="url" href="../../default.htm">http://book.csdn.net/</a>
2006-10-13 14:41:00
</div>
<div style="margin: 0px auto; width: 700px; border: solid 1px #0b5f98;">
<div style="float: left; width: 16px; background-color: #0b5f98; color: White; padding: 1px;">
图书导读
</div>
<div style="float: right; width: 670px; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; padding-left: 2px">
<!--导读-->
<h1 id="divCurrentNode" style="color: #b83507; width: 100%; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; padding-left: 2px">当前章节:<a href='100165734.htm'><font color='red'>28.4.6 创建COM客户程序</font></a></h1>
<div id="divRelateNode" style="padding-left: 2px">
<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165731.htm'>28.4.3 创建类型库</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165732.htm'>28.4.4 COM互操作特性</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165733.htm'>28.4.5 COM注册</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165735.htm'>28.4.7 添加连接点</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165736.htm'>28.4.8 用sink对象创建客户</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165737.htm'>28.4.9 在Internet Explorer中运行Windows窗体控件</a></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- main -->
<div id="main">
<div id="text"> <link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;margin-left:
0cm'><span lang=EN-US>28.4.6 </span><span style='font-family:黑体'>创建</span><span
lang=EN-US>COM</span><span style='font-family:黑体'>客户程序</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>现在该创建</span><span lang=EN-US>COM</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>客户程序了。首先创建一个简单的</span><span lang=EN-US>C++ Win32</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>控制台项目，命名为</span><span lang=EN-US>COMClient</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。可以在项目向导中选择默认的选项，按下</span><span lang=EN-US>Finish</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>在文件</span><span lang=EN-US>COMClient.cpp</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>的开头，添加一个预处理器目录，以包含</span><span lang=EN-US><iostream></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>头文件，导入为</span><span lang=EN-US>.NET</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>组件创建的类型库。导入语句创建了一个“智能指针”类，这样更容易处理</span><span
lang=EN-US>COM</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>对象。在建立过程中，导入语句会创建</span><span
lang=EN-US>.tlh</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>.tli</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>文件，它们位于项目的</span><span lang=EN-US>debug</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>目录下，包含了智能指针类。接着添加</span><span lang=EN-US>using namespace</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>指令，打开命名空间</span><span lang=EN-US>std</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>DotNetComponent</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>std</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>用于把输出消息写到控制台上，</span><span lang=EN-US>DotNetComponent</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>是在智能指针类中创建的。</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US>//COMClient.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console
application.</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>//</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>#include
"stdafx.h"</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>#include
<iostream></span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>#import
"../DotNetComponent/bin/debug/DotnetComponent.tlb"</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>using
namespace std;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>using namespace DotnetComponent;</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>在</span><span lang=EN-US>_tmain()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>方法中，在进行任何</span><span lang=EN-US>COM</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>调用之前，要先用</span><span lang=EN-US>API</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>调用</span><span lang=EN-US>CoInitialize()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>实例化</span><span lang=EN-US>COM</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。</span><span lang=EN-US>CoInitialize()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>会为线程创建</span><span lang=EN-US>STA</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>并进入</span><span lang=EN-US>STA</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。变量</span><span lang=EN-US>spWelcome</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>是</span><span lang=EN-US>IWelcome</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>类型的智能指针，智能指针方法</span><span lang=EN-US>CreateInstance()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>的参数是</span><span lang=EN-US>progid</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>，它使用</span><span lang=EN-US>COM API CoCreateInstance()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>创建</span><span lang=EN-US>COM</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>对象。运算符</span><span lang=EN-US>-></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>用智能指针重写了，这样就可以调用</span><span lang=EN-US>COM</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>对象的方法，如</span><span lang=EN-US>Greeting()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US>int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
HRESULT hr;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
hr = CoInitialize(NULL);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
try</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
IWelcomePtr spWelcome;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
hr = spWelcome.CreateInstance("Wrox.DotnetComponent"); //
CoCreateInstance()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>
cout<< spWelcome->Greeting("Bill")<<endl;</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>.NET</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>组件支持的第二个接口是</span><span
lang=EN-US>IMath</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>，它也有一个封装</span><span
lang=EN-US>COM</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>接口的智能指针</span><span
lang=EN-US>IMathPtr</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。可以直接把一个智能指针赋予另一个智能指针，例如</span><span
lang=EN-US>spMath=spWelcome</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>；在智能指针的实现</span><span
lang=EN-US> (</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>重写</span><span lang=EN-US>=</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>运算符</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>中，执行了</span><span lang=EN-US>QueryInterface()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。使用</span><span lang=EN-US>IMath</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>接口可以调用</span><span lang=EN-US>Add()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>方法。</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span
lang=EN-US> IMathPtr spMath;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:36.85pt'><span lang=EN-US>spMath
= spWelcome; // QueryInterface()</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:36.85pt'><span lang=EN-US>long
result = spMath->Add(4,5);</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:36.85pt'><span lang=EN-US>cout<<"
result: "<< result <<endl;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>如果</span><span lang=EN-US>COM</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>对象返回一个</span><span lang=EN-US>HRESULT</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>错误值</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>如果</span><span lang=EN-US>.NET</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>组件生成异常，返回</span><span lang=EN-US>HRESULT</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>的</span><span lang=EN-US>CCW</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>就会返回一个错误值</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>，智能指针就封装</span><span lang=EN-US>HRESULT</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>错误，并生成</span><span lang=EN-US>_com_error</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>异常。错误在</span><span lang=EN-US>catch</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>块中处理。在程序的最后，使用</span><span lang=EN-US>CoUninitialize()</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>关闭和卸载</span><span lang=EN-US>COM DLL</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:0cm;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:.0001pt;FTEL:27.65pt'><span
lang=EN-US>catch (_com_error& e)</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:27.65pt'><span lang=EN-US>{</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:27.65pt'><span lang=EN-US>
cout<<e.ErrorMessage()<<endl;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:27.65pt'><span lang=EN-US>}</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:27.65pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:27.65pt'><span lang=EN-US>CoUninitialize();</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:27.65pt'><span lang=EN-US>return
0;</span></p>
<p class=2 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:8.15pt;
margin-left:21.45pt;FTEL:18.45pt'><span lang=EN-US>}</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>现在可以运行应用程序了，在控制台上得到</span><span
lang=EN-US>Greeting()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span
lang=EN-US>Add()</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>方法的输出。还可以试着调试智能指针类，在这里可以看到直接调用了</span><span
lang=EN-US>COM API</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>。</span></p>
<p class=a2 style='margin-top:8.15pt;FTEL:21.45pt'><span
style='font-family:黑体'>提示：</span></p>
<p align=center style='FTEL:8.15pt;FTEL:21.45pt'><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>如果得到一个组件找不到的异常，就应检查是否在全局程序集缓存中安装了在注册表中配置的程序集的同一版本。</span></p>
</div>
<!-- page -->
<div class="page" style="text-align: center">
<a href="100165733.htm">上一页</a> <a href="index.html">首页</a> <a href="100165735.htm">下一页</a>
</div>
<div style="margin: 0px auto; width: 700px; border: solid 1px #0b5f98;">
<div style="float: left; width: 16px; background-color: #0b5f98; color: White; padding: 1px;">
图书导读
</div>
<div style="float: right; width: 670px; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; padding-left: 2px">
<!--导读-->
<h1 id="divCurrentNode2" style="color: #b83507; width: 100%; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; padding-left: 2px">当前章节:<a href='100165734.htm'><font color='red'>28.4.6 创建COM客户程序</font></a></h1>
<div id="divRealteNod2" style="padding-left: 2px">
<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165731.htm'>28.4.3 创建类型库</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165732.htm'>28.4.4 COM互操作特性</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165733.htm'>28.4.5 COM注册</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165735.htm'>28.4.7 添加连接点</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165736.htm'>28.4.8 用sink对象创建客户</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165737.htm'>28.4.9 在Internet Explorer中运行Windows窗体控件</a></div></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码Ctrl + C
搜索代码Ctrl + F
全屏模式F11
增大字号Ctrl + =
减小字号Ctrl + -
显示快捷键?