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16.5.6 在远程方法中传递对象
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16.5.6 在远程方法中传递对象
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165473.htm'>16.5.3 ChannelServices和RemotingConfiguration</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165474.htm'>16.5.4 对象的激活</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165475.htm'>16.5.5 消息接收器</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165477.htm'>16.5.7 生存期管理</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165478.htm'>16.6 .NET Remoting的其他特性</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165479.htm'>16.6.1 配置文件(1)</a></div></div>
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<div id="text"> <link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 8.15pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815560"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">16.5.6 </span></a><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">在远程方法中传递对象</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">远程方法调用中的参数类型不仅可以是基本的数据类型，还可以是我们自己定义的类。为了进行远程通信，必须区分下面</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">种类型的类：</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">按值编组的类：这种类通过信道进行串行化。要编组的类必须标记为</span><span lang="EN-US">[Serializable]</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">特性。这些类的对象没有远程标识，因为完整的对象是通过信道编组的，而且与客户串行化的对象独立于服务器对象。按值编组的类也称作未绑定的类，原因是它们没有依赖于应用程序域的数据。</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">按引用编组的类：这种类有远程的标识。对象不是通过电话线传递的，而是返回一个代理对象。按引用编组的类必须是从</span><span lang="EN-US">MarshalByRefObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">派生出来的。</span><span lang="EN-US">MarshalByRefObjects</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">称为应用程序域绑定对象。</span><span lang="EN-US">MarshalByRefObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的一个专业化版本是</span><span lang="EN-US">ContextBoundObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">：抽象类</span><span lang="EN-US">ContextBoundObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是从</span><span lang="EN-US">MarshalByRefObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">派生出来的。如果类是从</span><span lang="EN-US">ContextBoundObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">派生出来的，则当环境分界线交叉时，甚至在同一应用程序域中也需要使用代理对象。这样的代理对象称为环境绑定对象，它们只在创建环境中有效。</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">不能用于远程通信的类：这种类是不能串行化的，也不是从</span><span lang="EN-US">MarshalByRef Object</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">派生出来的。这种类不能在远程对象的公共方法中用作参数。它们只能用于创建它们的应用程序域中。如果类的数据成员只在应用程序域中有效，例如</span><span lang="EN-US">Win32</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件句柄，则应该使用这种类。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为了阐明类的编组问题，我们将把远程对象改为向客户机发送两个对象：类</span><span lang="EN-US">MySerialized</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">将按值编组，而类</span><span lang="EN-US">MyRemote</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">将按引用编组。在方法中，消息被写到控制台上，以便验证调用是在客户机上进行还是在服务器上进行。此外，</span><span lang="EN-US">Hello</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类改为返回实例</span><span lang="EN-US">MySerialized </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> MyRemote</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">：</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System;</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">namespace Wrox.ProCSharp.Remoting</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">{</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> [Serializable]</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public class MySerialized </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public MySerialized(int val)</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> a = val;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> }</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public void Foo()</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> Console.WriteLine("MySerialized.Foo called");</span></p>
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