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                 <link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><p class="MsoNormal"><a ftel="XML"></a><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中有着重要的作用。</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">不仅允许在应用程序中使用</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -1pt">，</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">本身也在配置文件和源代码文档中使用</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。另外，</span><span lang="EN-US">SOAP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">Web</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">服务和</span><span lang="EN-US">ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">也使用</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为了扩展使用</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">包含了</span><span lang="EN-US">System.Xml</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">命名空间。这个命名空间带有许多处理</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的类。本章将讨论这些类。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">本章介绍如何使用</span><span lang="EN-US">XmlDocument(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">这是</span><span lang="EN-US">DOM</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的实现</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，以及</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为</span><span lang="EN-US">SAX</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">提供的一种替代品</span><span lang="EN-US">(XmlReader </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> XmlWriter</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。还要讨论</span><span lang="EN-US">XPath</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">XSLT</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的类实现。接着介绍</span><span lang="EN-US">XML </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> ADO.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">如何一起工作，如何把其中一种格式转换为另一种格式。还介绍了如何把对象串行化为</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，使用</span><span lang="EN-US">System.Xml.Serialization</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">命名空间中的类从</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文档中创建一个对象</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">反串行化</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。更重要的是，要介绍如何把</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">合并到</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">应用程序中。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">注意</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">命名空间可以用许多不同的方式得到类似的结果。我们不可能把这些方式都放在一章中介绍，所以这里仅介绍其中一种方式，并提及完成同一任务的其他方式。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">因为篇幅有限，不能从头开始介绍</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，所以本章假定已经熟悉了</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">技术。因此，您应知道元素、属性和节点，还应知道文档格式规范的含义，您也应熟悉</span><span lang="EN-US">SAX</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">DOM</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。如果要更多地了解</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，可以参阅</span><span lang="EN-US">Wrox</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">出版社的</span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt">Beginning XML</span></em><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt"> (ISBN 1-861003-41-2)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt">和</span><em><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt">Professional XML</span></em><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt"> (ISBN 1-861003-11-0)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">本章首先介绍目前使用的</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">标准。</span></p>
<h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 11.4pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 11.4pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815194"><span lang="EN-US">23.1 &nbsp;.NET</span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">支持的</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">标准</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="BACKGROUND: aqua"><a ftel="W3C"></a></span><span lang="EN-US">World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">开发了一组标准，给</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">提供了强大的功能和潜力。没有这些标准，</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">不会对开发过程有影响。当然，</span><span lang="EN-US">W3C</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">网站</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><a href="../../../www.w3.org)_25B0_25FC_25BA_25AC_25C1_25CBxml_25B5_25C4_25CB_25F9_25D3_25D0_25D0_25C5_25CF_25A2/default.htm"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none">http://www.w3.org)</span><span style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none">包含了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: windowtext; TEXT-DECORATION: none">XML</span><span style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none">的所有信息</span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2003</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">年</span><span lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">月，</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">支持下述标准：</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US">XML 1.0 (http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">：包括</span><span lang="EN-US">DTD</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">支持</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">命名空间<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&mdash;&mdash;</span></span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names - </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">流级和</span><span lang="EN-US"> DOM</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.85pt; FTEL: -16.4pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt">模式</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -1pt">&mdash;&mdash;</span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema<span style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.1pt"> </span></span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US">XPath </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">表达式<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&mdash;&mdash;</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&nbsp; </span><span lang="EN-US">http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US">XSLT </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">转换<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&mdash;&mdash;</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&nbsp; </span><span lang="EN-US">http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US">DOM Level 1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">核心<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&mdash;&mdash;</span></span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM -Level-1/</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US">DOM Level 2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">核心<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&mdash;&mdash;</span></span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US">http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM -Level-2-Core/</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Soap 1.1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt">&mdash;&mdash;</span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1.2pt"> </span><span lang="EN-US">http://www.w3.org/TR/SOAP</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 16pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">随着</span><span lang="EN-US">Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">走向成熟、</span><span lang="EN-US">W3C</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">更新所推荐的标准，标准支持的级别也会改变，因此，必须确保标准和</span><span lang="EN-US">Microsoft</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">提供的支持级别都是最新的。</span></p></div>
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