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16.4.1 远程对象
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16.4.1 远程对象
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<h1 id="divCurrentNode" style="color: #b83507; width: 100%; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; padding-left: 2px">当前章节:<a href='100165467.htm'><font color='red'>16.4.1 远程对象</font></a></h1>
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165464.htm'>16.3.2 特性和属性</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165465.htm'>16.3.3 环境之间的通信</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165466.htm'>16.4 远程对象、客户机和服务器</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165468.htm'>16.4.2 简单的服务器</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165469.htm'>16.4.3 简单的客户机</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165470.htm'>16.5 .NET Remoting体系结构</a></div></div>
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<div id="text"> <link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 8.15pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815551"><span lang="EN-US">16.4.1 </span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">远程对象</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">分布式计算需要远程对象。从不同系统中远程调用的对象必须是从</span><span lang="EN-US">System.MarshalByRef Object</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">对象中派生出来的。</span><span lang="EN-US">MarshalByRefObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">对象被限制在创建它们的应用程序域中，这说明不能跨应用程序域传递它们；而应使用代理对象访问另一个应用程序域中的远程对象，其他的应用程序域可以存在于同一进程、不同的进程或另一个系统中。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">远程对象具有分布式的标识。因此，对对象的引用可以传递到其他的客户机中，而引用仍访问同一对象。代理对象知道远程对象的标识。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">除了具有从</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">Object</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类继承来的方法之外，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">MarshalByRefObject</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类还有其他的方法，例如用于初始化和获取生存期服务的方法。生存期服务定义远程对象的生存期有多长。本章后面的内容将讨论生存期服务和租约特性。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为了说明</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Remoting</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是怎样运行的，下面创建一个简单的类库，以创建远程的对象。类</span><span lang="EN-US">Hello</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是从</span> <span lang="EN-US">System.MarshalByRefObject</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">派生出来的。在构造函数和析构函数中，消息写到控制台上，提供对象的生存期信息。此外，添加一个由客户调用的方法</span><span lang="EN-US">Greeting()</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">为了易于区分后面小节中的程序集和类，我们在所使用的方法调用的参数中给它们起了不同的名称。程序集的名称是</span><span lang="EN-US">RemoteHello.dll</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，类的名称是</span><span lang="EN-US">Hello</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">namespace Wrox.ProCSharp.Remoting</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">{</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public class Hello : System.MarshalByRefObject</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public Hello()</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> Console.WriteLine("Constructor called");</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> }</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> ~Hello()</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> Console.WriteLine("Destructor called");</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> }</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public string Greeting(string name)</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> Console.WriteLine("Greeting called");</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> return "Hello, " + name;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> }</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> }</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">}</span></p></div>
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<h1 id="divCurrentNode2" style="color: #b83507; width: 100%; text-align: left; font-size: 12px; padding-left: 2px">当前章节:<a href='100165467.htm'><font color='red'>16.4.1 远程对象</font></a></h1>
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165464.htm'>16.3.2 特性和属性</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165465.htm'>16.3.3 环境之间的通信</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165466.htm'>16.4 远程对象、客户机和服务器</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165468.htm'>16.4.2 简单的服务器</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165469.htm'>16.4.3 简单的客户机</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165470.htm'>16.5 .NET Remoting体系结构</a></div></div>
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