100162741.htm

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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">byte</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">System.Byte</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位无符号的整数</span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 9.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 9.9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 181.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 1.4pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid" valign="top" width="242">
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 255 (0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2<sup>8</sup>&ndash;1)</span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 9.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 9.9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 59.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 1.4pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid" valign="top" width="80">
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">ushort</span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 9.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 9.9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 94.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 1.4pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid" valign="top" width="126">
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">System.Uint16</span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 9.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 9.9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 104.25pt; PADDING-TOP: 1.4pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid" valign="top" width="139">
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US">16</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位无符号的整数</span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 9.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 9.9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 181.55pt; PADDING-TOP: 1.4pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid" valign="top" width="242">
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 65535 (0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2<sup>16</sup>&ndash;1)</span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 9.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 9.9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 59.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 1.4pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid" valign="top" width="80">
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">uint</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">System.Uint32</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US">32</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位无符号的整数</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4 294 967 295 (0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2<sup>32</sup>&ndash;1)</span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 9.9pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 9.9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 1.4pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 59.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 1.4pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid" valign="top" width="80">
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">ulong</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">System.Uint64</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US">64</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位无符号的整数</span></p>
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            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 18 446 744 073 709 551 615 </span></p>
            <p class="a4" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 10.7pt"><span lang="EN-US">(0 </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2<sup>64</sup>&ndash;1)</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Windows</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的将来版本将支持</span><span lang="EN-US">64</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位处理器，可以把更大的数据块移入移出内存，获得更快的处理速度。因此，</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">支持</span><span lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">至</span><span lang="EN-US">64</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位的有符号和无符号的整数。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">当然，</span><span lang="EN-US">VB</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">开发人员会发现有许多类型名称是新的。</span><span lang="EN-US">C++</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">Java</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">开发人员应注意：一些</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类型名称与</span><span lang="EN-US">C++</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">Java</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类型一致，但类型有不同的定义。例如，在</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中，</span><span lang="EN-US">int</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">总是</span><span lang="EN-US">32</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位带符号的整数，而在</span><span lang="EN-US">C++</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中，</span><span lang="EN-US">int</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是带符号的整数，但位数取决于平台</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在</span><span lang="EN-US">Windows</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">上是</span><span lang="EN-US">32</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。在</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中，所有的数据类型都以与平台无关的方式定义，以备将来</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">迁移到其他平台上。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">byte</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">是</span><span lang="EN-US">0~255(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">包括</span><span lang="EN-US">255)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的标准</span><span lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位类型。注意，在强调类型的安全性时，</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">认为</span><span lang="EN-US">byte</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类型和</span><span lang="EN-US">char</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类型完全不同，它们之间的编程转换必须显式写出。还要注意，与整数中的其他类型不同，</span><span lang="EN-US">byte</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类型在默认状态下是无符号的，其有符号的版本有一个特殊的名称</span><span lang="EN-US">sbyte</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中，</span><span lang="EN-US">short</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">不再很短，现在它有</span><span lang="EN-US">16</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位，</span><span lang="EN-US">Int</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类型更长，有</span><span lang="EN-US">32</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">位。</span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.5pt"> <span lang="EN-US">long</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.5pt">类型最长，有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.5pt">64</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.5pt">位</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。所有整数类型的变量都能赋予</span><span lang="EN-US">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">进制或</span><span lang="EN-US">16</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">进制的值，后者需要</span><span lang="EN-US">0x</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">前缀：</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN: 8.15pt 0cm 8.15pt 21.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-GB">long x = 0x12ab;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">如果对一个整数是</span><span lang="EN-US">int</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">uint</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">long</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">或是</span><span lang="EN-US">ulong</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">没有任何显式的声明</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">则该变量默认为</span><span lang="EN-US">int</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">类型。为了把键入的值指定为其他整数类型，可以在数字后面加上如下字符：</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN: 8.15pt 0cm 0pt 21.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-GB">uint ui = 1234U;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-GB">long l = 1234L;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 8.15pt 21.45pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-GB">ulong ul = 1234UL;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">也可以使用小写字母</span><span lang="EN-US">u</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">l</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，但后者会与整数</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">混淆。</span></p>
<h4 style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.45pt"><span lang="EN-GB">2. </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">浮点类型</span></h4>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">提供了许多整型数据类型，也支持浮点类型，如表</span><span lang="EN-US">2-2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">所示。</span><span lang="EN-US">C</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">C++</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">程序员很熟悉</span><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">它们。</span></p>
<p class="a5" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">表</span><span lang="EN-US">&nbsp; 2-2</span></p>
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