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14.4.1 安全配置文件
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14.4.1 安全配置文件
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165434.htm'>14.3.3 角色</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165435.htm'>14.3.4 声明基于角色的安全性</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165436.htm'>14.4 安全策略的管理</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165438.htm'>14.4.2 代码组和权限的管理</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165439.htm'>14.4.3 安全性的启用和禁用</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165440.htm'>14.4.4 重置安全策略</a></div></div>
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<div id="text"> <link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 8.15pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815617"><span lang="EN-US">14.4.1 </span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">安全配置文件</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">如前所述，</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">个级别的安全策略</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">即</span><span lang="EN-US">Enterprise</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">Machine</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">User)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">把代码组、权限和权限集连接起来。</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中的安全配置信息保存在</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">配置文件中，这个文件受</span><span lang="EN-US">Windows</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">安全策略保护。例如，只有</span><span lang="EN-US">Administrator</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">、</span><span lang="EN-US">Power User</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">和</span><span lang="EN-US">SYSTEM Windows</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">组中的用户能够修改</span><span lang="EN-US">Machine</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">级别的安全策略。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">保存安全策略的文件位置如下所示：</span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Enterprise</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">策略配置</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black"><windir> \Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.xxxx\Config\enterprise.config </span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">Machine</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">策略配置</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black"><windir> \Microsoft.NET\Framework\v1.0.xxxx\Config\security.config </span></p>
<p class="1" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 37.55pt; FTEL: -16.1pt"><span lang="EN-US">●<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US">User</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">策略配置</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">%USERPROFILE%\application data\Microsoft\CLR security config\vxx.xx\security.config </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">由几个“</span><span lang="EN-US">x</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">”标记的版本号随着安装在机器上的</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">版本的不同而有所变化。必要时，可以手动编辑这些配置文件。例如，当管理员需要为没有登录到他们账户的用户配置安全策略时，就需要手动编辑配置文件。但是，一般而言，最好使用</span><span lang="EN-US">caspol.exe</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">或</span><span lang="EN-US">.NET Framework Configuration MMC</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">管理单元中的</span><span lang="EN-US">Runtime Securitu Policy</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">节点来管理安全策略。</span></p>
<h4 style="FTEL: 21.45pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">一个简单的示例</span></h4>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有了所有的准备知识后，下面创建一个简单的应用程序，这个应用程序将访问本地驱动器，对本地驱动器的访问权是需要认真管理的。这个应用程序是</span><span lang="EN-US">C# Windows Forms</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">应用程序，它包含一个列表框和一个按钮，如图</span><span lang="EN-US">14-7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">所示。如果单击这个按钮，则</span><span lang="EN-US">C:\animals.txt</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件中的内容将填写到列表框中。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 3.25pt" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black"><img height="170" src="14/image007.jpg" width="183" alt="" /></span></p>
<p style="FTEL: 8.15pt" align="center"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black"> 14-7</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">这个应用程序是使用</span><span lang="EN-US">Visual Studio .NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">创建的，惟一的改动是把列表框和</span><span lang="EN-US">Load Data</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">按钮添加到窗体上，并给按钮添加了一个事件，其代码如下所示：</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">// Example from SecurityApp9</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">private void button1</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Baskerville BE Regular'">_</span><span lang="EN-US">Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">{</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> StreamReader stream = File.OpenText(@"C:\animals.txt");</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> String str;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> while ((str=stream.ReadLine()) != null) </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> listBox1.Items.Add(str);</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> }</span></p>
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