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32.1 Windows服务
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C#高级编程（第3版）【全文连载】
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32.1 Windows服务
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2006-10-13 14:41:00
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<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span style='font-family:
宋体'>服务是可以在系统启动时自动打开</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span style='font-family:
宋体'>不需要任何人登录机器</span><span lang=EN-US>)</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的程序。阅读完本章后，就可以修改第</span><span
lang=EN-US>16</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>31</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>章中讨论的服务器进程，使它们自动启动。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>在本章中将会了解到：</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>服务的体系结构；服务程序的功能、服务控制程序和服务配置程序。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>如何使用</span><span lang=EN-US>System.ServiceProcess</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>命名空间中的类实现</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>服务。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>在注册表中配置</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>服务的安装程序。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>使用</span><span lang=EN-US>ServiceController</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>类编写控制</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>服务的程序。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>怎样执行事件处理程序。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>给其他应用程序类型添加事件日志。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>监视</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>服务的性能。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体'>首先讨论什么是</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>服务。本章的代码可以从</span><span lang=EN-US>Wrox</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>网站</span><span lang=EN-US>www.wrox.com</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>上下载。</span></p>
<h3 style='margin-top:11.4pt;margin-right:0cm;FTEL:11.4pt;margin-left:
0cm'><a FTEL="_Toc507815571"><span lang=EN-US>32.1 Windows</span></a><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>服务</span></h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span style='font-family:
宋体'>服务指的是操作系统启动时可以自动打开的应用程序。</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>服务可以在没有交互式用户登录系统的情况下运行。可以把</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>服务配置为从已进行特殊配置的用户账户或系统用户账户上运行，用户账户的权力比系统管理员的权力更大。</span></p>
<p class=a3 style='margin-top:8.15pt;FTEL:21.45pt'><span
style='font-family:黑体'>提示：</span></p>
<p class=a1 style='FTEL:8.15pt;FTEL:21.45pt'><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>由于</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>服务的运行需要</span><span lang=EN-US>NT</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>内核，因此不能在</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows 95</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>98</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows ME</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>上运行，而只能在</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows NT 4</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows 2000</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows XP</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows Server 2003</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312'>上运行。</span> <span style='font-family:楷体_GB2312;
color:black'>以后，除非可能产生混淆，否则把</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Windows</span><span
style='font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black'>服务简称为服务。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>下面是一些服务的示例：</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US>Simple TCP/IP Services</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>是驻留一些小</span><span
lang=EN-US>TCP/IP</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>服务器的服务程序：如</span><span
lang=EN-US>echo</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>、</span><span lang=EN-US>daytime</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>quote</span><span
style='font-family:宋体'>等。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US>World Wide Publishing Service </span><span style='font-family:宋体'>是</span><span
lang=EN-US> Internet Information Server</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>的服务。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US>Event Log</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>服务用于把消息记录到事件日志系统中。</span></p>
<p class=1 style='margin-left:37.55pt;FTEL:-16.1pt'><span lang=EN-US>●<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span><span
lang=EN-US>Microsoft Search</span><span style='font-family:宋体'>服务用于在磁盘上创建数据的索引。</span></p>
<p align=center style='text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;FTEL:
21.25pt'><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>可以使用</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:black'>Component Services</span><span style='font-family:宋体;
color:black'>管理工具查看系统上的所有服务。在</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Windows
2000 Server</span><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>上，可以通过</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Start | Programs | Administrative Tools |
Services</span><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>访问此工具；而在</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:black'>Windows 2000 Professional</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>Windows XP</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>中，可以通过</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:black'>Settings | Control Panel | Administrative Tools | Services</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>启动此管理工具，其窗口如图</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:black'>32-1</span><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>所示。</span></p>
<p align=center><span lang=EN-US><img width=442 height=275
src="32/image001.jpg"></span></p>
<p align=center style='FTEL:8.15pt'><span style='font-family:宋体;color:black'>图</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:black'> 32-1</span></p>
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