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22.3.5 构建模式
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C#高级编程（第3版）
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22.3.5 构建模式
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2006-10-13 14:41:00
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165629.htm'>22.3.2 选择数据</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165630.htm'>22.3.3 生成DataSet</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165631.htm'>22.3.4 更新数据源</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165633.htm'>22.3.6 其他常见的要求</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165634.htm'>22.4 小结</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165635.htm'>23.1 .NET支持的XML标准</a></div></div>
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<link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 8.15pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815190"><span lang="EN-US">22.3.5 </span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">构建模式</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">第</span><span lang="EN-US">21</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">章说明了如何定义</span><span lang="EN-US">XSD</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">模式，</span><span lang="EN-US">Visual Studio .NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">有一个编辑器，它可以创建</span><span lang="EN-US">XSD</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">模式<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1pt">——</span></span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -1pt"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">从</span><span lang="EN-US">Project</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">菜单中选择</span><span lang="EN-US">Add New Item</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，再从</span><span lang="EN-US">Data</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">目录中选择</span><span lang="EN-US">XML Schema</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">选项，就可以访问这个编辑器<span class="codeintext-PRODUCTION"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，</span></span>如图</span><span lang="EN-US">22-25</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">所示。把模式命名为</span><span class="codeintext-PRODUCTION"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">TestSchema.xsd</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN-TOP: 3.25pt" align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><img height="267" src="22/image025.jpg" width="360" alt="" /></span></p>
<p style="FTEL: 8.15pt" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 22-25</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">这将给项目添加两个新文件：</span><span lang="EN-US">.xsd</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件和一个对应的</span><span lang="EN-US">.xsx</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">它由设计器用于为已设计的模式元素存储布局信息</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">。要为模式创建相应的一组代码，可从</span><span class="screentext-PRODUCTION"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; LETTER-SPACING: 0pt">Schema</span></span><span class="screentext-PRODUCTION"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0pt">中选择</span></span><span class="screentext-PRODUCTION"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; LETTER-SPACING: 0pt">Generate Dataset</span></span><span class="screentext-PRODUCTION"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0pt">选项，如图</span></span><span class="screentext-PRODUCTION"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; LETTER-SPACING: 0pt">22-26</span></span><span class="screentext-PRODUCTION"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 0pt">所示。</span></span></p>
<p align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><img height="213" src="22/image026.jpg" width="156" alt="" /></span></p>
<p style="FTEL: 8.15pt" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 22-26</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">选择这个选项会给项目添加一个额外的</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件，它也显示在</span><span lang="EN-US">Solution Explorer</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">中</span><span lang="EN-US">XSD</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件的下面。当对</span><span lang="EN-US">XSD</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">模式进行修改时，这个文件会自动生成，所以不应手工编辑它。该文件是用</span><span lang="EN-US">sxd.exe</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">工具生成的。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Visual Studio .NET</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">编辑器有</span><span lang="EN-US">XSD</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件的两个视图：</span><span lang="EN-US">Schema</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">视图和</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">视图。单击</span><span lang="EN-US">XML</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">标签，就会看到最初的模式模板：</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?></span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"><xs:schema id="TestSchema" </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/TestSchema.xsd" </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> elementFormDefault="qualified" </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> xmlns="http://tempuri.org/TestSchema.xsd" </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> xmlns:mstns="http://tempuri.org/TestSchema.xsd" </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"></span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"></xs:schema></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">这个</span><span lang="EN-US">XSD</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">脚本在</span><span class="codeintext-PRODUCTION"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">TestSchema.cs</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件中生成下述</span><span lang="EN-US">C#</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">代码。在下面的代码中，省略了方法的主体和格式化的内容，以提高可读性。您自己在建立这个示例时，就可以看到生成的代码：</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System.Data;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System.Xml;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System.Runtime.Serialization;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">[Serializable()]</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThrough()]</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">[System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(true)]</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">public class TestSchema : DataSet</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">{</span></p>
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