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16.5.1 信道
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16.5.1 信道
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<div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165468.htm'>16.4.2 简单的服务器</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165469.htm'>16.4.3 简单的客户机</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165470.htm'>16.5 .NET Remoting体系结构</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165472.htm'>16.5.2 格式标识符</a></div><div style='float:left;width:49%'>·<a href='100165473.htm'>16.5.3 ChannelServices和RemotingConfiguration</a></div><div style='float:right;width:49%'>·<a href='100165474.htm'>16.5.4 对象的激活</a></div></div>
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<div id="text"> <link href="css.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><h3 style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 8.15pt"><a ftel="_Toc507815555"><span lang="EN-US">16.5.1 </span></a><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">信道</span></h3>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信道用于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">.NET</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">客户机和服务器之间的通信。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">.NET Framewprk 1.1</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">已有的信道类使用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">TCP</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">或</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">HTTP</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">进行通信。我们可以为其他的协议创建定制的信道。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">大多数</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">Web</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">服务使用的是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">HTTP</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信道。它使用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">HTTP</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">协议进行通信。因为防火墙通常让端口</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">80</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">处于打开的状态，目的是让客户机能够访问</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">Web</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">服务器，所以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">.NET Remoting Web</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">服务可以监听端口</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">80</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，让客户机更容易使用它们。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">在</span><span lang="EN-US">Internet</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">上也可以使用</span><span lang="EN-US">TCP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信道，但是必须配置防火墙，以使客户机能够访问</span><span lang="EN-US">TCP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">信道所使用的指定端口。与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">HTTP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">信道相比，在内部网中使用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">TCP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">信道能够进行更加有效的通</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">当执行远程对象上的方法调用时，客户信道对象就把消息发送到远程信道对象中。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">服务器应用程序和客户应用程序都必须创建信道。下面的代码说明了如何在服务器端创建</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">TcpServerChannel</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">：</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> ...</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0cm; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> TcpServerChannel channel = new TcpServerChannel(8086);</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">构造函数的参数指定</span><span lang="EN-US">TCP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">网络接口监听哪个端口。服务器信道必须指定一个所有人都知道的端口，在访问服务器时，客户必须使用该端口。但是，在客户机上创建</span><span lang="EN-US">TcpClientChannel</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">时，不必指定一个人人都知道的端口，</span><span lang="EN-US">TcpClientChannel</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">的默认构造函数会选择一个可以使用的端口，在客户机与服务器连接时，该端口被传递给服务器，以便服务器能够把数据发回给客户。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">创建新的信道实例，会使网络接口立即转换到监听状态，在命令行中键入</span><span lang="EN-US">netstat –a</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">，可以验证插口是否处于监听状态。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black">HTTP</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信道的使<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">用方式类似于</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: black; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">TCP</span><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">信道。可以指定服务器能在哪个端口上创建监听网络接口。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">服务器可以监听多个信道。下面的代码在</span><span lang="EN-US">HelloServer.cs</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">文件中创建了一个</span><span lang="EN-US">HTTP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信道和一个</span><span lang="EN-US">TCP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">信道：</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-TOP: 8.15pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System;</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System.Runtime.Remoting;</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="BACKGROUND: #f2f2f2; MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Http;</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">namespace Wrox.ProCSharp.Remoting</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US">{</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public class HelloServer</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> public static void Main(string[] args)</span></p>
<p class="a6" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> {</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> TcpServerChannel tcpChannel = new TcpServerChannel(8086);</span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> HttpServerChannel httpChannel = new HttpServerChannel(8085);</span><span class="MsoCommentReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="DISPLAY: none; FONT-SIZE: 8pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 'Baskerville BE Regular'; LETTER-SPACING: 0.2pt"> </span></span></p>
<p class="2" style="MARGIN-LEFT: 21.45pt; FTEL: 18.45pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p>
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